Methadone concentrations in blood, plasma, and oral fluid determined by isotope-dilution gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

Methadone (MTD) is widely used for detoxification of heroin addicts and also in pain management programs. Information about the distribution of methadone between blood, plasma, and alternative specimens, such as oral fluid (OF), is needed in clinical, forensic, and traffic medicine when analytical results are interpreted. We determined MTD and its metabolite 2-ethylidene-1,5-dimethyl-3,3-diphenylpyrrolidine (EDDP) in blood, plasma, blood cells, and OF by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) after adding deuterium-labeled internal standards. The analytical limits of quantitation for MTD and EDDP by this method were 20 and 3 ng/mL, respectively. The amounts of MTD and EDDP were higher in plasma (80.4 % and 76.5 %) compared with blood cells (19.6 % and 23.5 %) and we found that repeated washing of blood cells with phosphate–buffered saline increased the amounts in plasma (93.6 % and 88.6 %). Mean plasma/blood concentration ratios of MTD and EDDP in spiked samples (N?=?5) were 1.27 and 1.21, respectively. In clinical samples from patients (N?=?46), the concentrations of MTD in plasma and whole blood were highly correlated (r?=?0.92, p?<?0.001) and mean (median) plasma/blood distribution ratios were 1.43 (1.41). The correlations between MTD in OF and plasma (r?=?0.46) and OF and blood (r?=?0.52) were also statistically significant (p?<?0.001) and the mean OF/plasma and OF/blood distribution ratios were 0.55 and 0.77, respectively. The MTD concentration in OF decreased as salivary pH increased (more basic). These results will prove useful in clinical and forensic medicine when MTD concentrations in alternative specimens are compared and contrasted.     

苯甲酸氯代衍生物稀土配合物的荧光表征

分别以典型的芳香羧酸苯甲酸及其一氯代衍生物（邻、间、对三种）为第一配体,以邻菲罗啉(phen)或2,2′ 联吡啶((bipy)为第二配体,合成了一系列Tb(III)、Eu(III)的配合物.通过红外光谱、紫外可见光谱、荧光光谱等方法探讨了不同位置的取代基或不同的第二配体对配合物荧光性质的影响.结果显示,邻菲罗啉能够增强Eu(III)芳香羧酸配合物的荧光强度而减弱Tb(III)羧酸配合物的荧光强度;2,2′ 联吡啶则显示相反的结果.     

5-甲氧基色醇-酸性高锰酸钾-甲醛化学发光体系研究与应用

在甲醛的存在下 ,5 -甲氧基色醇 (5 - ML)与高锰酸钾在高氯酸介质中发生化学反应 ,能产生很强的化学发光。本文据此采用流动注射技术研究其发光行为 ,对影响化学发光强度的实验因素进行优化 ,建立了快速灵敏测定 5 - ML的化学发光新方法 ,测定方法的线性范围为 2 .0× 10 -8mol/ L— 4 .0× 10 -5mol/ L,检出限为 7.9× 10 -9mol/ L(S/ N=3) ,相对标准偏差为 2 .4 % (5 .7× 10 -7mol/ L5 - ML;n=10 )。该方法应用于脑脊液样品中 5 - ML含量测定 ,回收率达到 86 .0 %— 97.2 %。文中还对体系的化学发光反应机理进行探讨     

A Novel 3D Zn-La Heterometallic Coordination Polymer Involving in situ Glycinate Ligand Synthesis

One novel 3D 3d-4f coordination polymer, [LaZn(glc)(ox)2(H2O)2]n (1, glc = glycinate, ox = oxalate), was obtained by the in situ synthesis of glycinate from the reaction of tetrazole-1-acetic acid, sodium oxalate, zinc nitrate and lanthanide oxide in the presence of a trace quantity of nitric acid under hydrothermal conditions. Compound 1 is of monoclinic, space group P21/n with a = 0.99601(9), b = 1.14592(10), c = 1.19107(10) nm and β = 108.7150(10)°. 1 exhibits an unusual 3D heterometallic coordination framework constructed by heterometallic dinuclear LaZn subunits and mixed ox and glc linkers with a uninodal 6-connected vme {33 .43 .58 .6} net.     

含吡啶环的[1,3,4]噁二唑类化合物的合成及表征

2,6-二甲基吡啶-3,5-二甲酸二乙酯在乙醇中与水合肼反应生成5-甲酰肼基-2,6-二甲基吡啶甲酸乙酯和2,6-二甲基吡啶-3,5-双酰肼, 使其与取代的苯甲醛反应, 得到相应的腙, 最后在N-溴代丁二酰亚胺(NBS)作用下成环. 化合物的结构分别通过了¹H NMR, IR, MS, 元素分析确证.     

基于硅基光子器件的Fano共振研究进展

硅基光子技术的发展为新型微纳光学功能器件和片上系统提供了高可靠、高精度的实现手段.采用硅基光子技术构建的具有连续(准连续)模式微腔与离散模式的微腔耦合产生的Fano共振现象得到了广泛关注.Fano共振光谱在共振波长附近具有不对称且尖锐的谐振峰,传输光的强度在共振波长附近从0突变为1,该机制可显著提高硅基光开关、探测器、传感器,以及光非互易性全光信号处理的性能.本综述分析了Fano共振的一般数学表述,总结了当前硅基光子微腔耦合产生Fano共振的理论模型研究现状,讨论了不同类型硅光器件实现Fano共振的方法,比较各种方案优劣及适用场合,梳理了Fano共振在全光信号处理方面的应用研究情况.最后探讨存在的一些问题及未来可能的相关研究方向.     

烟叶中游离态氨基酸与卷烟主流烟气中氢氰酸的相关关系

分别用氨基酸分析仪法和离子色谱-脉冲安培检测法测定了60种单料烤烟烟叶中游离态氨基酸的含量和烟叶主流烟气中氢氰酸的释放量,通过相关性分析确定了对氢氰酸释放量具有主要影响的氨基酸,建立了氢氰酸释放量的预测模型.结果表明:所有碱性氨基酸和杂环氨基酸都与氢氰酸呈显著正相关,所有酸性氨基酸与氢氰酸都没有呈现显著相关性.根据相关性系数判断对烟草主流烟气中氢氰酸释放量起主要作用的氨基酸依次是:苯丙氨酸、色氨酸、组氨酸、丙氨酸、脯氨酸和丝氨酸.研究结果为吸烟与健康研究提供科学依据.     

Genome-wide computational identification of microRNAs and their targets in the deep-branching eukaryote Giardia lamblia

Using a combined computational program, we identified 50 potential microRNAs (miRNAs) in Giardia lamblia, one of the most primitive unicellular eukaryotes. These miRNAs are unique to G. lamblia and no homologues have been found in other organisms; miRNAs, currently known in other species, were not found in G. lamblia. This suggests that miRNA biogenesis and miRNA-mediated gene regulation pathway may evolve independently, especially in evolutionarily distant lineages. A majority (43) of the predicted miRNAs are located at one single locus; however, some miRNAs have two or more copies in the genome. Among the 58 miRNA genes, 28 are located in the intergenic regions whereas 30 are present in the anti-sense strands of the protein-coding sequences. Five predicted miRNAs are expressed in G. lamblia trophozoite cells evidenced by expressed sequence tags or RT-PCR. Thirty-seven identified miRNAs may target 50 protein-coding genes, including seven variant-specific surface proteins (VSPs). Our findings provide a clue that miRNA-mediated gene regulation may exist in the early stage of eukaryotic evolution, suggesting that it is an important regulation system ubiquitous in eukaryotes.     

Two Isostructural Lanthanide Coordination Frameworks Assembled from H3nbtc as the Single Ligand: Syntheses, Crystal Structures, and Luminescence

Two new isostructural coordination polymers, namely, [Ln(nbtc)·2H₂O] _n [Ln = Eu (1), Tm (2)] (H₃nbtc = 5-nitrobenzene-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid), have been synthesized under hydrothermal conditions and characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and single crystal X-ray diffraction. Both compounds are sandwich-like 2D layered network built by the 1D Ln-carboxylate chains and nbtc^3? linkers, displaying the same 3D supramolecular network via intermolecular hydrogen bonds. The photoluminescence and lifetime of 1 in the solid state has also been investigated.     

Measurement of the polarization for soft X-ray magnetic circular dichroism at the BSRF beamline 4B7B

Three ultra-short-period W/B₄C multilayers （1.244 nm, 1.235 nm and 1.034 nm） have been fabricated and used for polarization measurement at the 4B7B Beamline at the Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility （BSRF）. By using the rotating analyzer ellipsometry method, the linear polarization degree of light emerging from this beamline has been measured and the circular polarization evaluated for 700-860 eV. The first soft X-ray magnetic circular dichroism measurements are carried out at BSRF by positioning the beamline aperture out of the plane of the electron storage ring.