基于扎根理论的化学师范生顶岗实习实践性知识发展研究

基于扎根理论，从顶岗实习的视角，运用质的研究方法，对化学专业师范生顶岗实习过程中实践性知识的发展路径及阶段性特征获得以下理性认识：（1）顶岗实习过程中化学专业师范生实践性知识发展的路径主要有：理论与实践的冲突与融合，个人经验的积累与建构，他人经验的参考与借鉴，活动参与的反思与提升，团队智慧的碰撞与交流，实习环境的熏陶与促动。（2）顶岗实习过程中化学专业师范生实践性知识发展呈现一定的阶段性特征：顶岗实习前期，化学专业师范生实践性知识的发展具有较为明显的个体性、理想性、冲突性、借鉴性特征；顶岗实习后期，化学专业师范生实践性知识的发展则具有较为明显的针对性、融合性、迁移性和验证性特征。基于研究结论提出关于师范生实践性知识生成与发展的几点建议。     

呋喃甲酰基吡唑啉酮双席夫碱配合物的合成及其生物活性

呋喃甲酰基吡唑啉酮双席夫碱配合物的合成及其生物活性李锦州＊于文锦杜晓燕（哈尔滨师范大学化学系哈尔滨１５００８０）（哈尔滨医科大学公共卫生学院哈尔滨）关键词酰基吡唑啉酮，双席夫碱，配合物，合成，生物活性１９９７－０６－１６收稿，１９９７－０９－０９修回...     

Reduction of Azide to Amine Using Fe/AlCl3 or Fe/BiCl3 System in Aqueous EtOH

Azides were reduced to the corresponding amines by two new metal/Lewis acid systems in aqueous EtOH with yields ranging from 80% to 95%. The new reduction systems were Fe/AlCl3·6H2O or Fe/BiCl3 system in H2O/ethanol （2 ： 1, Ⅴ ：Ⅴ） at room temperature. Fifteen azides with different functional groups were well reduced to the corresponding amines in excellent yields.     

一种新颖的六帽Keggin型钼钒砷酸盐——(H3O)3[AsMo12O40(VO)6]·6H2O的水热合成和晶体结构

近年来,含有Keggin结构的杂多酸以其优异的结构可修饰性及其在催化、功能材料和医药等方面的潜在应用而引起人们广泛的研究兴趣.在这一领域中,众多过渡金属取代的Keggin型杂多化合物,尤其是含有钒和铝的多金属氧酸盐由于其独特的电磁特性及结构特点而倍受关注.但迄今为止,只有少数带帽Keggin型结构的杂多阴离子被报道.这些Keggin阴离子通常具有低的V/Mo.     

Supported liquid membrane microextraction with high-performance liquid chromatography-UV detection for monitoring trace haloacetic acids in water

Supported liquid membrane microextraction (SLMME) with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-UV detection has been developed for the extraction, preconcentration, and determination of all the nine haloacetic acids (HAAs) in water. The HAAs are extracted into a supported liquid membrane, and then back-extracted into few microliters of an acceptor solution. The extract was directly analyzed by HPLC-UV with a 15-min run. Enrichment factors in the range of 300-3000 were obtained in a 60-min extraction, and detection limits were at low to sub-microg/L level with R.S.D. values between 1.5 and 10.8%. The parameters that affected analyte enrichment were studied. This approach offers an attractive alternative to the current US Environmental Protection Agency standard methods for HAA analysis, which require complex sample preparation and derivatization prior to analysis by gas chromatography. SLMME can also be used in conjunction with other analytical schemes, such as, ion chromatography and capillary electrophoresis.     

Determination of ketotifen and its conjugated metabolite in human plasma by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry: application to a pharmacokinetic study

A sensitive and specific liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) method was developed for the investigation of the pharmacokinetics of ketotifen and its major metabolite, ketotifen N-glucuronide, in human plasma. The plasma samples were treated by liquid-liquid extraction and analyzed using LC/MS/MS with an electrospray ionization interface. Diphenhydramine was used as the internal standard. The method had a lower limit of quantitation of 10 pg/mL for ketotifen, which offered increased sensitivity, selectivity and speed of analysis, compared with existing methods. The intra- and inter-day precision were measured to be below 8.2% and accuracy between -2.4% and 3.4% for all QC samples. Incubation of the plasma samples with beta-glucuronidase allowed the quantitation of ketotifen N-glucuronide. This quantitation method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study of ketotifen and its major metabolite after oral administration of 2 mg ketotifen fumarate to 16 healthy volunteers.     

镍螺旋化合物及其杂银配位聚合物的设计合成与结构

采用两个易扭转异构的双三齿有机配体，双吡啶二甲基-6,6′-二酰肼-2,2′-连吡啶(H₂L¹)和双吡啶二乙基-6,6′-二酰肼-2,2′-连吡啶(H₂L²)，和金属镍离子组装得到2个金属螺旋体(helicate)，Ni₂(HL¹)₂(PF₆)(BF₄)(CH₃OH)(H₂O)₂ (1)和Ni₂(HL²)(H₂L²)(ClO₄)₃(C₂H₅OH)(CH₃OH)H₂O)₃ (2),并测定了它们的晶体结构。同时由配体H₂L³出发,通过逐级组装的方法,得到一个镍-银杂金属的配位聚合物Ni₂Ag₂(HL³)₂(ClO₄)₂(CH₃CN)₃ (3)。单晶结构表明，配位聚合物3中配体H₂L³首先与镍离子组装成分子盒化合物(molecular box)，该结构单元进一步通过Ag离子与分子盒外围N原子配位，使分子盒互相串连成一维配位聚合物3，分子盒聚集体沿c方向伸展成一维链结构，链与链之间相互平行，进一步堆积成二维孔道结构。     

钛硅酸钠无机离子交换材料的制备及对铯的吸附性能研究

用水热合成法合成粉末状钛硅酸钠,考察了它对Cs的吸附效果。实验表明,所合成的钛硅酸钠对Cs的吸附效果较好。在30℃,1mol/L的H 环境下对Cs的吸附分配比为6066,饱和吸附量可以达到1.74mmol/g。尤其在高酸度条件下钛硅酸钠对Cs良好的吸附效果,使其在处理酸性高放废液中具有一定的应用价值。吸附稳定性很好,不易洗脱。     

SiO2载体表面原位合成MCM-41的结构特征

以溶液硅源和表面硅源两种合成路线在SiO₂颗粒表面进行了MCM-41的原位合成,结果发现以两种方式均可得到MCM-41的有序结构。溶液硅源原位合成MCM-41的长程结构较好,两种硅源原位合成的MCM-41均能够在脱除模板剂过程中保持其长程有序结构。表面硅源原位合成MCM-41的孔径分布较窄,最可几孔径为3.81nm。本文还考察了OH/CTABr及SiO₂/OH比对表面硅源原位合成MCM-41长程结构特征的影响。     

新原料路线共沉淀法组装超分子结构柠檬酸根插层水滑石

以Mg(OH)₂和NaAlO₂为原料，采用新原料路线共沉淀法实现了柠檬酸根插层结构LDHs的超分子组装。用XRD、FT-IR、TG-DTA和元素分析等手段对样品进行分析表征。结果表明，新原料路线共沉淀法较常用的共沉淀法得到的柠檬酸根插层LDHs结晶度高、晶相单一，客体柠檬酸根在LDHs层间的排列高度有序。