Maximizing Thermal Entanglement of XY Model Using Site-Dependent Magnetic Fields in Specific Directions

We study the thermal entanglement by means of concurrence in a two-qubit isotropic XY model in the presence of site-dependent external magnetic fields in arbitrary directions. We find that at a given temperature and magnetic field strength, the mirror symmetry of the two fields about the x-y plane is a necessary condition for maximum entanglement. However, if there is no constraint on the field strengths, then the necessary condition for maximum entanglement reduces to the configuration that the two fields are vertical, anti-parallel and with the same strength. We also investigate the anisotropic XY model and find that the above conclusion more or less holds.     

基于单颗粒气溶胶质谱的人体呼出颗粒物粒径分布与化学成分的分析方法研究

人体呼出气中内源性颗粒物和外源性颗粒物的粒径和化学成分信息可为肺部疾病诊断、环境暴露评价等研究提供参考。该文初步考察了单颗粒气溶胶质谱(Single particle aerosol mass spectrometry,SPAMS)同时获取人体呼出气中颗粒物(Exhaled breath particles,EBPs)粒径分布和化学成分的可行性。结果表明,健康成人的EBPs数浓度为227~1 043个/L,获取具有统计意义的粒径分布所需的EBPs检出限为2 500个颗粒物,粒径范围为200~1 000 nm,峰值出现在460 nm。与环境空气颗粒物的粒径分布相比,EBPs更多分布在200~300 nm和440~660 nm,从化学成分来看,这两段粒径范围内的EBPs含有更多的碳元素,不易在体内发生吸湿增长,提高了被呼出的概率。EBPs的化学成分可能反映内源性颗粒物和外源性颗粒物组成,如HSO_4~-、PO_3~-、CN~-、CNO~-和C_xH_yO_z~+(x=1~3,y=1~7,z=1~3)可能与内源性颗粒物中的蛋白含量、磷酸酯酰甘油等成分有关,碳簇峰C_3~-、C_4~-、C~+、C_3~+、C_3H~+和C_4~+推测与外源性颗粒物中的碳元素有关。     

Matrix Influence in the Determination of Lead in Edible Oils and Fats

In the AOAC Official Method of Analysis (994.06) for lead in edible oils and fats, the oil matrix influence to the lead absorbance signal is ignored. A series of experiment was conducted to look into the matrix effect on the absorbance signal of lead in different types of oils and fats.     

Capillary Electrophoresis Coupled On-Line with Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry for Elemental Speciation

Capillary electrophoresis (CE) has become a powerful analytical technique for the separation of a variety of analytes ranging from small inorganic ions to large biomolecules such as proteins and nucleic acids. A selective and sensitive detector for CE has been one of the most important and challenging prerequisites for the growth of CE. On-column UV-Vis detectors are commonly used to determine the analytes separated by CE. However, these detectors are often not very selective. Other detection techniques such as mass spectrometry, laser induced fluorescence, amperometry, and inductively coupled plasma spectrometry have been investigated to provide a more sensitive and selective detection for the target analytes. However, relatively few studies have been published on the use of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) as a means of detection in CE separation.     

用改进的随机轨道模型数值模拟突扩液固两相流动

用改进的随机轨道模型数值模拟了突扩湍流液固两相流动。两相的轴向速度和湍动能的预报结果与实验符合得很好,同时还给出了不同计算截面上颗粒数密度和质量流量合理分布．预报结果对计算颗粒数敏感程度的研究表明：与通常的随机轨道不同,改进的随机轨道模型只需要很少的计算颗粒就可以给出合理正确的颗粒相分布。     

尼古丁是脂肪酶的反竞争抑止剂的实验研究

希望明确尼古丁对脂肪酶活性是否有抑止作用,用于解释医学已有统计数据：吸烟的人体重普遍较轻,而戒烟后体重会有回升．用三油酸甘油酯为底物,在加入尼古丁前后,检测脂肪酶活性变化．结果表明：脂肪酶在人体外仍有活性,而且尼古丁是脂肪酶反竞争性抑止剂．在脂肪酶浓度为7mg／mL时,抑止程度达50％．     

以香草素为内标之气相层析光谱法定量牛樟木精油指标成分松油醇的快速分析方法

牛樟精油具有独特浓郁的香气,其中以α-松油醇(α-terpineol)为牛樟精油主要成分。由于樟树精油制品可依种类、变种、亚种等不同而有不同成分,以松油醇最具独特性,可作为牛樟木精油品质重要指标成分,应用以区别牛樟树与冇樟以及香樟等木材精油的方法,因此建立市售牛樟木精油指标成分α-松油醇含量的简便快速又准确的检验方法便有其必要性。该研究拟以市售精油液体样品,不经任何前处理,加入适当之内标准溶液溶解后,直接注入气相层析光谱仪中,配合适当的分离管柱及气相层析条件,以期建立简便快速又准确的牛樟木精油指标成分α-松油醇之定量方法。毛细管柱气相层析具有高解析度及高灵敏度等优点,仍为现代最重要分析技术之一,因此研究建立了以香草素为内标准定量牛樟木精油指标成分α-松油醇(α-terpineol)之气相色谱层析法的快速分析方法。牛樟木精油液体样品,加入适当量之香草素内标准溶液混合溶解后,即可直接注入配有广口径之毛细管柱(megabore column)气相色谱仪中分析,相当简便,每分析一个样品仅需约30 min。结果显示松油醇之最低定量浓度（limit of quantitation, LOQ）为1 μg·mL-1左右。在添加回收试验中添加松油醇1.0及10.0 mg 于市售冇樟精油及牛樟精油中,其回收率在98%~103%,变异系数均在10.8%以下,显示该方法的精密度相当高。以该研究建立的方法分析15件市售牛樟精油中松油醇含量,结果显示,市售牛樟木精油的松油醇含量最高约51.6%及最低为21.3%左右,此结果显示以定量松油醇作为市售牛樟精油品质指标是一快速、准确且可行的方法。     

Structure and Property Characterization of Oyster Shell Cementing Material

Oyster shell powder was used as the admixture of ordinary portland cement.The effects of different addition amounts and grinding ways on the strength and stability of cement mortar were discussed and proper addition amount of oyster shell powder was determined.The structure and property changes of cementing samples with different oyster shell powder contents were tested by XRD and SEM means.The results revealed that compressive and rupture strengths of the sample with 10% oyster shell powder was close to those of the original one without addition.Stability experiment showed that the sample prepared by pat method had smooth surface without crack and significant expansion or shrinkage after pre-curing and boiling,which indicated that cementing material dosed with oyster shell powder had fine stability.XRD and SEM observation showed that oyster shell independently exists in the cementing material.     

平衡问题变分包含问题及不动点问题的二次极小化

借助预解式技巧,寻求二次极小化问题minx∈Ω‖x‖2的解,其中Ω是Hilbert空间中某一广义平衡问题的解集,与一无穷族非扩张映像的公共不动点的集合,以及某一变分包含的解集的交集．在适当的条件下,逼近上述极小化问题的解的一新的强收敛定理被证明．