超支化铬系催化剂的合成及乙烯齐聚性能研究

以不同端基烷基链长度的1.0G超支化大分子为桥联基,通过对其端基氨基进行催化功能改性,合成了系列具有不同桥联基长度的超支化PNP铬系催化剂。采用红外光谱(IR)、核磁共振氢谱(1H-NMR)、核磁共振磷谱(31P-NMR)、紫外光谱(UV)和质谱(MS)等表征方法证明合成催化剂的结构与理论结构相符。详细考察了溶剂种类、反应温度、Al/Cr摩尔比、反应压力、催化剂用量和催化剂结构对催化剂乙烯齐聚性能的影响。实验结果表明,当以甲苯为溶剂,甲基铝氧烷(MAO)为助催化剂时,超支化PNP铬系催化剂表现出良好的催化乙烯齐聚性能,产物以低碳烯烃为主。最佳条件下,催化活性最高可达到1.69×105g/mol Cr·h,己烯和辛烯的选择性为43.3%以上。相同聚合条件下,其催化活性随着端基烷基链长度的增加而下降。     

超支化铬系催化剂的合成及乙烯齐聚性能研究

以正辛胺和十二胺为原料,分别制备了两种超支化PNP配体,通过引入金属铬活性位点的方法合成了具有不同烷基链长度的超支化PNP铬系催化剂.采用红外光谱(IR)、核磁共振磷谱(~(31)P-NMR)、核磁共振氢谱(~1H-NMR)、紫外光谱(UV)和质谱(MS)等表征方法证明合成催化剂的结构与理论结构预测相符.详细考察了催化剂用量、溶剂种类、反应条件以及配合物结构对乙烯齐聚性能的影响.实验结果显示,超支化PNP铬系催化剂在甲苯作溶剂,甲基铝氧烷(MAO)做助催化剂时表现出良好的催化乙烯齐聚性能,产物主要为低碳烯烃.在最佳条件下,催化活性最高可达到1.69×10~5 g·(mol Cr·h)~(-1),己烯和辛烯的选择性为43.3%以上.相同聚合条件下,其催化活性随着端基烷基链长度的增加而下降.     

新型树枝状PNP铬催化剂的合成及催化性能

以1.0代聚酰胺-胺(PAMAM)为配体骨架,氯代二苯基膦为原料,通过取代反应合成了1种含有较大空间位阻的新型树枝状PNP配体,再以Cr Cl3(THF)3为络合试剂,通过络合反应合成树枝状PNP铬催化剂.采用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、紫外-可见分光光度计(UV-Vis)、核磁共振波谱(NMR)、电喷雾电离质谱(ESI-MS)和元素分析等手段证实合成的新型树枝状PNP配体及其铬催化剂的结构与理论设计的结构一致.以甲基铝氧烷(MAO)为助催化剂,对乙烯齐聚反应进行了研究,考察了溶剂种类、反应温度、反应压力及Al/Cr摩尔比对该催化剂活性和选择性的影响.结果表明,以甲苯为溶剂,MAO为助催化剂,当反应温度为25℃,反应压力为0.9 MPa,Al/Cr摩尔比为500时,该催化剂的活性高达2.15×105g/(mol Cr·h),催化剂对乙烯三聚、四聚反应的选择性共达到36.76%.     

基于5-氨基邻甲酚的膦配体的合成及在乙烯齐聚中的应用

以5-氨基邻甲酚与二苯基氯化膦为原料,通过取代反应合成了一种含有PNP和P—O结构的膦配体并确定了其结构.通过与Cr(acac)_3原位生成以及与Cr Cl3(THF)_3预制的方法制成配合物作为主催化剂,以甲基铝氧烷(MAO)为助催化剂,形成催化体系用于催化乙烯齐聚反应,考察了溶剂种类、反应温度、反应压力及Al/Cr摩尔比对该催化剂的活性和选择性的影响,并与原位生成的邻位和对位氨基酚类膦配体催化体系催化乙烯齐聚反应效果进行了对比.试验结果表明,以环己烷为溶剂,MAO为助催化剂,当反应温度为50℃、反应压力为2.5 MPa、Al/Cr摩尔比为700的条件下,该催化剂的活性最高达5.91×10~6 g/(mol·Cr·h),液相产物中1-辛烯选择性高达72.94%,1-己烯和1-辛烯总的选择性为82.11%.     

地方城市空间要素规划建设时序研究:以清代台湾省为例*

Cr/PNP催化乙烯选择性齐聚反应制短链线性α-烯烃(LAOs)技术是近年来发展极为迅速的研究方向,其中关于反应微观机理的研究对高性能催化剂设计和研发具有重要意义.通过使用量子化学计算与实验相结合的方法,可以获得对催化反应过程更为深刻的认识.我们主要从理论计算研究的角度,总结了铬系催化剂催化乙烯选择性齐聚研究中取得的最新成果.主要内容包括反应过程中催化剂的氧化态[Cr(Ⅰ/Ⅲ) vs Cr(Ⅱ/Ⅳ)],反应路径中单乙烯和双乙烯配位的竞争,配体的空间结构和电子效应,自然键轨道理论(NBO)以及H_2效应对催化体系的影响等.     

吡啶亚胺基酞菁镍系催化剂催化乙烯齐聚性能及其动力学研究

以四氨基镍酞菁、吡啶-2-甲醛和NiCl2·6H2O为原料,先后经过席夫碱反应和络合反应得到一种新型吡啶亚胺基酞菁配体及其镍系催化剂。合成产物的结构通过红外光谱(FTIR)、紫外(UV-Vis)、核磁共振氢谱(¹H-NMR)、电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)、同步热分析(TG-DSC)及电喷雾电离质谱(ESI-MS)等方法进行表征。对其催化乙烯齐聚性能进行考察,并研究了该反应的动力学。催化乙烯齐聚实验结果表明,当溶剂为环己烷、助催化剂为甲基铝氧烷(MAO)、催化剂用量为5μmol/L、齐聚压力为1.0 MPa、齐聚温度为35℃、Al/Ni摩尔比为500时,吡啶亚胺基酞菁镍系催化剂的活性可达8.82×10⁵ g/(mol Ni·h),丁烯和己烯的含量分别为58.22%和39.85%。对吡啶亚胺基酞菁镍系催化剂催化乙烯齐聚反应动力学方程进行拟合计算,结果表明该反应对催化剂摩尔浓度的反应级数为1.24,对齐聚压力的反应级数为0.95,当活性中心的浓度为5μmol/L、齐聚压力为1.0 MPa、齐聚温度为5～35℃时,该反应的表观活化能为71.4...     

用于乙烯齐聚高选择性制 1-辛烯反应的Cr(Ⅲ)基催化剂体系

将四元催化剂体系(乙酰丙酮铬-膦胺型配体-助催化剂甲基铝氧烷-促进剂六氯乙烷)用于乙烯齐聚制1-辛烯反应,考察了促进剂、助催化剂、Al/Cr摩尔比、反应温度和反应压力等对催化剂的活性和1-辛烯的选择性的影响.结果表明,该四元催化剂体系比三元催化剂体系(铬化合物-膦胺型配体-甲基铝氧烷)对乙烯齐聚反应具有更高的1-辛烯选择性.产物除有1-辛烯外,还有较大量的1-己烯、甲基环戊烷和亚甲基环戊烷.甲基铝氧烷是高选择性生成1-辛烯必不可少的助催化剂.作为促进剂的六氯乙烷可以使乙酰丙酮铬更有利于催化乙烯齐聚反应生成1-辛烯.     

硅烷基Schiff碱共价修饰纳米二氧化硅负载过渡金属催化乙烯齐聚性能

将3种水杨醛Schiff亚胺配合过渡金属（Si-Schiff-M,M=Ni,Co,Cr）通过共价键接枝到纳米二氧化硅,制备了3种硅烷基Schiff碱共价修饰纳米二氧化硅负载过渡金属催化剂（Si-Schiff-SiO₂-M）,并对其催化乙烯齐聚性能进行了研究;采用元素分析、红外光谱、扫描电子显微镜和电感耦合等离子色谱表征了3种Si-Schiff-SiO₂-M的结构和形貌。以甲基铝氧烷（MAO）为助催化剂,研究了反应条件及催化活性中心种类对3种Si-Schiff-SiO₂-M催化乙烯齐聚产物性能的影响。结果表明,当Si-Schiff-SiO₂-M用量为7 μmol, n（Al）/n（M）（M=Cr,Ni,Co）为500,反应温度为35 ℃,反应压力为0.5 MPa和反应时间为30 min时, Si-Schiff-SiO₂-Cr、Si-Schiff-SiO₂-Ni和Si-Schiff-SiO₂-Co催化乙烯齐聚活性分别为1.92×10⁵ g/（mol Cr·h）、2.17×10⁵ g/（mol Ni·h）和2.07×10⁵ g/（mol Co·h）,且3种催化剂催化乙烯齐聚产物主要是C4和C6烯烃。Si-Schiff-SiO₂-M由于载体的限域效应,其催化乙烯齐聚活性低于相应的均相催化剂（Si-Schiff-M）,但产物分布较均相催化剂窄。Si-Schiff-SiO₂-M具有良好的循环利用性,3次循环使用后,3种负载型催化剂催化乙烯齐聚活性分别为1.39×10⁵ g/（mol Cr·h）、1.68×10⁵ g/（mol Ni·h）和1.42×10⁵ g/（mol Co·h）。     

膦胺铬和双膦铬催化乙烯选择性齐聚研究进展

乙烯选择性齐聚制备线性α-烯烃是在学术界和工业界均受到高度重视,具有目标产物选择性高、产品易分离和经济效益显著等特点。铬系配合物催化剂在催化乙烯选择性齐聚反应中综合性能较好,有良好的发展和应用前景。近年来的研究表明,配体结构对催化剂性能有重要影响;反应体系中通入H 2可以改善齐聚产物的分布并抑制低聚物的生成;开发不以甲基铝氧烷为助催化剂的催化体系可降低催化剂成本;而乙烯选择齐聚机理及金属中心氧化态对催化剂的设计有重要的指导意义。本文主要从以上几个方面介绍了膦胺铬和双膦铬配合物在催化乙烯选择性齐聚中的研究进展,分析了目前乙烯选择性四聚工业化急需解决的问题,展望了该领域未来的发展方向。     

树枝状钴系催化剂的合成及催化乙烯齐聚性能

以1,8-辛二胺为核的1.0代(1.0G)树枝状大分子、水杨醛和六水氯化钴为原料,依次通过席夫碱反应和配位反应合成了一种新型的树枝状水杨醛亚胺配体和钴系催化剂;并对目标产物进行FT-IR、UV、1H NMR和MS表征,证实其合成产物的结构与理论结构相符。考察了助催化剂种类、溶剂种类、反应条件及金属活性中心对乙烯齐聚性能的影响。结果表明,当以一氯二乙基铝(Et2AlCl)为助催化剂,甲苯为溶剂时,催化剂具有良好的催化乙烯齐聚性能,并在反应温度为25℃、Al/Co摩尔比为1500、压力为1.0 MPa、时间为0.5 h时,催化活性达到6.84×105 g/(mol Co?h),齐聚产物中C8及C8以上的烯烃含量为52.77%。     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Cu0-catalysed 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of α-amino acid derived N,N-cyclic azomethine imines to ynones

A series of 20 CuAIAC reactions between eight 4-acylamino substituted pyrazolidine-3-one-1-azomethine imines and four terminal ynones were performed using Cu⁰ as catalyst. The corresponding fluorescent cycloadducts were obtained in very high yields upon simple workup. Thus, Cu-metal turned out to be a better catalyst than Cu^I in terms of yield and ease of isolation. Availability of azomethine imines, mild reaction conditions, and simple workup enable a “click” access to libraries of densely substituted 2,3-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyrazol-1-ones. Reactivity of differently substituted dipoles was evaluated experimentally and by quantum chemical methods (DFT).     

Synthesis and antioxidative/anti-inflammatory activity of novel fullerene–polyamine conjugates

(E)-4-(Fullerenopyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid and its corresponding succinimidyl ester, readily obtained through Prato-type modification of C₆₀, were used for the selective N-acylation of polyamines. The thus obtained conjugates were evaluated for their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity and their cytotoxicity was determined. Members of this family of compounds showed interesting anti-lipid peroxidation, anti-lipoxygenase and anti-inflammatory activity and comparable cytocompatibility to spermidine.