X射线荧光光谱法测定氧化铝中杂质元素

应用X-射线荧光光谱法测定了氧化铝中11种杂质成分（SiO2，Fe2O3，Na2O，K2O，CaO，TiO2，P2O5，ZnO，V2O5，Ga2O3，Cr2O3）。试样用四硼酸锂和偏硼酸锂作混合熔剂融熔制成玻璃状片形熔块。通过在高纯氧化铝中加入一定量的上述11种元素的纯氧化物配制成中间标准样品，并用此中间标准样品和纯氧化铝作为空白试样组成高、低标，制备了校正曲线。又用此中间标准样品与纯氧化铝按一定比例配制控制样品对分析过程进行质量控制。对所提出方法的精密度进行了考核，结果表明以上11种杂质成分测定结果的RSD值均小于10％。用4种标样对此方法的准确度进行验证，结果表明所得测定值与已知值之间的误差均符合标准规定。     

X射线荧光光谱法测定钠冰晶石的主要化学成分

选用国家标准样品和高纯物质配制实验用标准样品,采用混合熔剂(67%Li_2B_4O_7+33%LiBO_2)熔融制样,使用X射线荧光光谱法测定钠冰晶石中SiO_2、Fe_2O_3、MgO、CaO、K_2O、TiO_2、P_2O_5、Na、F、Al各组分的含量,实验结果表明,各组分的相对标准偏差(RSD)在0.57%～6.5%,与第三方实验室对比测定结果表明,方法可以满足工厂检测要求。     

X射线荧光光谱法测定萤石中氟化钙、二氧化硅、氧化铝、全铁的含量

应用X射线荧光光谱法(XRFS)测定了萤石中氟化钙、二氧化硅、氧化铝和全铁的含量。采用熔融法制备样块,称取粒径小于0.125mm的试样1.000g于铂坩埚中与硝酸钾0.2g、碳酸锂1.0g及无水四硼酸锂5.0g混合均匀,加入150g.L-1溴化锂溶液3滴,于1 050℃熔融20min,所得熔块用XRFS对上述4种组分进行测定。对含有还原性物质的试样采用先在铂坩埚中加入无水四硼酸锂熔融,使熔剂均匀粘涂于坩埚内壁的下部和底部,冷却后再用硝酸钾及碳酸锂按程序在低温预氧化后升至高温对样品进行熔融,所得熔块用于XRFS分析,用标准样品按试验方法制备工作曲线。应用此法分析了4个萤石样品,上述组分的测定值与化学法的测定值相符。     

进口氧化皮化学特性及X射线荧光光谱分析

采用玻璃片法熔融进口氧化皮样品,并应用X射线荧光光谱法测定其中全铁和硅、铝、磷、钙、镁、钛、砷、铅等15种杂质元素的含量.根据氧化皮成分含量范围,利用多个铁矿石标准样品、部分标准样品添加基准物质Fe2O3配制系列校准物质,建立工作曲线.结果表明,该方法能准确、快速地对氧化皮进行分析,测量值与经典方法或标准值比较没有显著性差异.     

直读发射光谱仪测定地质样品中银、硼和锡的含量

地质试样0.100 0g(粒径小于0.074mm)与缓冲剂(质量分数之比为23∶20∶45∶12∶0.007的焦硫酸钾、氟化钠、氧化铝、碳和二氧化锗的混合物,其中锗为内标元素)0.100 0g混匀后置于下电极中并压实。选择上电极的直径为4mm,用直读发射光谱仪,按所选条件(激发电流14A,曝光时间35s)测定其中银、硼和锡的含量。以标准物质绘制校准曲线,上述3种元素的检出限(3s)依次为0.01,0.54,0.21μg·g~(-1)。按上述方法分析了8种标准物质,上述3种元素的测定值与认定值相符,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=12)依次为2.1%~16%,5.4%~12%,5.5%~9.1%。     

X射线荧光光谱法测定煤灰成分的改进

样品以四硼酸锂和偏硼酸锂为熔剂,硝酸铵为氧化剂,溴化锂为脱模剂,采用玻璃状熔片法制样。选用标准样品及其标准样品间相混合配制的混合样品制作工作曲线,并以α系数和经验系数法校正元素谱线干扰和基体效应,用X射线荧光光谱法对煤灰中的二氧化硅、氧化铝、氧化铁、氧化钙、氧化镁、五氧化二磷、氧化钾、氧化钠、氧化钛、五氧化二钒、氧化锰和三氧化硫等12种主次组分进行测定。方法分析结果与化学法和电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定值相符;对同一样品按所建方法分别熔融制备10个熔片进行测定,各组分测定值的相对标准偏差(n=10)在0.06%～2.4%之间。     

电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定水产品中铬、铜、锌、砷、镉、铅的含量北大核心CSCD

取水产品样品0.500 0 g,加入硝酸5 mL、水2 mL、30%(质量分数)过氧化氢溶液1 mL,按微波消解程序进行消解,将消解液于100℃蒸发至1~2 mL,用水定容至25 mL。采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定上述溶液中铬、铜、锌、砷、镉、铅的含量。各元素测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)在1.2%~5.9%之间,回收率在96.6%~102%之间。按上述方法分析标准物质GBW 10023、GBW 10024、GBW 10050,FAPAS质控基准物质TET012RM以及质控样品T07225QC,各元素测定值与认定值一致。     

X射线荧光光谱法测定高铬型钒渣中主次组分北大核心CSCD

称取于750~800℃灼烧2h后的试样0.300 0g,置于盛有4.000 0g四硼酸锂、3.000 0g偏硼酸锂、0.500 0g碳酸锂的铂黄坩埚中,搅匀,加入300g·L-1溴化锂溶液0.5mL,在(1 050±20)℃熔融制片,采用X射线荧光光谱法测定高铬型钒渣中主次组分含量。采用钒渣标准样品和由标准样品加基准物质配制成的系列校准样品绘制校准曲线以消除基体效应,选择分析谱线并进行谱线重叠干扰校正。各组分的质量分数在一定范围内与荧光强度呈线性关系。方法用于分析高铬型钒渣样品,所得结果与滴定法、电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法的结果一致,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=10)在0.030%~7.3%之间。     

电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定水产品中铬、铜、锌、砷、镉、铅的含量

取水产品样品0.500 0 g,加入硝酸5 mL、水2 mL、30%(质量分数)过氧化氢溶液1 mL,按微波消解程序进行消解,将消解液于100℃蒸发至1~2 mL,用水定容至25 mL。采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定上述溶液中铬、铜、锌、砷、镉、铅的含量。各元素测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)在1.2%~5.9%之间,回收率在96.6%~102%之间。按上述方法分析标准物质GBW 10023、GBW 10024、GBW 10050,FAPAS质控基准物质TET012RM以及质控样品T07225QC,各元素测定值与认定值一致。     

X射线荧光光谱法同时测定煤焦灰分中主次组分

采用玻璃熔融法制样,选用标准样品及其与其他标准样品的混合物制作工作曲线,并以经验α系数校正元素重叠干扰和基体效应,用X射线荧光光谱法对煤焦灰分中的二氧化硅、氧化钙、氧化镁、氧化铝、氧化锰、二氧化钛和氧化亚铁等7种主次组分进行测定。该法分析结果与化学法测定值相符;对同一样品测定6次,各组分测定值的相对标准偏差在0.11%～5.8%之间。     

碱式氯化镁5Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·3H2O的制备与表征

以氨水和盐湖盛产的水氯镁石为原料经过两步反应制备碱式氯化镁.第一步,水氯镁石和氨水反应制备氢氧化镁;第二步,利用氢氧化镁和水氯镁石,通过水热反应得到了具有纤维形貌、结晶较好的碱式氯化镁.应用化学分析、XRD、SEM和FIIR等手段对产物进行测试与表征.化学分析结果表明产物组成为5Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·3H2O.将得到的5Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·3H2O和碱式氯化镁系列标准XRD图对照,未有较好的匹配,且结合化学分析和已报道碱式硫酸镁具有5Mg(OH)2·MgSO4·3H2O物相,因而推测其为新物相;SEM图中5Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·3H2O纤维直径约为0.4μm,平均长度大于24 μm,长径比大于60;FTIR图谱中3419 cm-1附近出现了氢键的O-H伸缩振动吸收峰,1635 cm-1附近出现了游离水中H-O-H的弯曲振动吸收峰.水热合成的5Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·3H2O和常压下的产物相比直径较小,晶形更完整,强度更高.     

Metal-organic frameworks incorporating Cu3(mu3-OH) clusters

Interaction of 4,4-bi(1,2,4-triazole) (btr) with copper(II) chloride (bromide) in aqueous or aqueous alcohol media led to a series of coordination polymers featuring the formation of mu 3-hydroxotricopper(II) clusters and their integration into 3D frameworks. These unprecedented structures originate in the propagation of trigonal hydroxotricopper(II) clusters bridged by tri- or tetradentate organic ligands. Complex [{Cu3(mu3-OH)}{Cu3(mu3-O)}(mu4-btr)3(H2O)4(OH)2Cl6]Cl.0.5H2O adopts a structure of SrSi2 topology, with eight-fold interpenetration of the coordination frameworks. The structure of [{Cu3(mu3-OH)}2(mu3-btr)6(mu4-btr)(mu-X)X4]X5.nH2O (X = Br, n = 6; X = Cl, n = 8) involves 2D coordination layers [{Cu3(mu3-OH)}(mu3-btr)3]n with an exceptional (3,6)-net topology, which are cross-linked by tetradentate btr ligands and bridging chloride (bromide) ions.     

Gel formation in cationic polymerization of divinyl ethers. III. Effect of oligooxyethylene chain versus oligomethylene chain as central spacer units

Cationic polymerizations of two series of divinyl ethers were carried out to clarify the effects of their central spacer chain structure on their crosslinking polymerization behavior. One series of the monomers involves divinyl ethers with an oligooxyethylene central spacer chain: diethylene glycol divinyl ether ( O‐3 ), triethylene glycol divinyl ether ( O‐4 ), tetraethylene glycol divinyl ether ( O‐5 ), pentaethylene glycol divinyl ether ( O‐6 ), and heptaethylene glycol divinyl ether ( O‐8 ) (see Scheme 1 ). The other series includes divinyl ethers with an oligomethylene central spacer chain: 1,4‐butanediol divinyl ether ( C‐4 ), 1,6‐hexanediol divinyl ether ( C‐6 ), and 1,8‐octanediol divinyl ether ( C‐8 ). Cationic polymerizations of these monomers were carried out with the hydrogen chloride/zinc chloride (HCl/ZnCl₂) initiating system in methylene chloride (CH₂Cl₂) at ?30 °C ([Monomer]₀ = 0.15 M; [HCl]₀ = 5.0 mM; [ZnCl₂]₀ = 0.5 mM). The polymerizations of the oligomethylene‐based divinyl ethers C‐6 and C‐8 caused gel formation at high monomer conversions (～90%), whereas C‐4 formed soluble polymers even at almost 100% monomer conversion. The oligooxyethylene‐based divinyl ethers O‐3 , O‐4 , O‐5 , and O‐6 underwent gel‐free polymerizations up to 100% monomer conversion and O‐8 did so at least up to ～80% conversion. The content of unreacted pendant vinyl groups of the obtained soluble polymers was measured by ¹H NMR spectroscopy. In the polymerizations of the oligomethylene‐based divinyl ethers ( C‐4 , C‐6 , and C‐8 ), the vinyl contents of the polymers decreased monotonously with increasing monomer conversion, and their number‐average molecular weights (M_n's) and polydispersity ratios (M_w/M_n's) increased considerably just before the gelation occurred. On the contrary, the vinyl contents of the polymers obtained from the oligooxyethylene‐based divinyl ethers ( O‐3 , O‐4 , O‐5 , O‐6 , and O‐8 ) decreased steeply even in the early stage of the polymerizations and almost all the pendant vinyl ether groups were consumed in the soluble polymers at the final stage of the polymerizations. The oligooxyethylene spacer units adjacent to the pendant unreacted vinyl ether groups may solvate intramolecularly with the carbocationic active center to accelerate frequent occurrence of intramolecular crosslinking reactions. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 42: 3729–3738, 2004     

两种新型氯化硼铝晶体的合成与热分解过程研究

在B2O3-Al2O3-CaO-H2O系统中, 分别于200℃和160℃晶化条件下, 水热合成了两种新型的具有阳离子骨架结构的氯化硼铝晶体B-C(1)和微孔氯化硼铝晶体BAC(10)。化学分析给出了实验式, 分别为B-C(1):0.01B2O3:1.0Al2O3.0.4HCl.0.8H2O;BAC(10):0.5B2O3.1.0Al2O3.0.4HCl.3.0H2O, 用DAT-TG, TPDE-MS和XRD等测试手段对它们的热稳定性与热分解过程进行了研究。     

纳米Fe_2O_3修饰涂碳型硫酸沙丁胺醇选择电极的研制与应用

制备了以纳米Fe_2O_3为修饰剂的涂碳型硫酸沙丁胺醇选择电极,采用电位分析方法对其各项性能进行测定。结果表明,该纳米Fe_2O_3修饰电极有很好的能斯特响应,其线性范围为1.0×10~(-6)~0.1 mol/L,级差电位为59 mV/pC,与普通电极相比,响应时间较短(10 s),检出限更低(2.8×10~(-7)mol/L)。将修饰电极应用于猪肉样品中硫酸沙丁胺醇含量的测定,结果与标准方法结果相符。     

5-Imino-Δ3-1,2,4-thiadiazoline derivatives with a linear N-S…O grouping. Synthesis and crystal structures

A series of carbonyl derivatives of 5-imino-Δ³-1,2,4-thiadiazolines has been prepared and shown by X-ray analysis of a selected example to have a trithiapentalene-like structure. When diphenylketene was used as acylating reagent, the primary product ( 14 ), obtained at room temperature, rearranged on heating in a polar solvent into a Δ²-thiazolin-4-one ( 15 ). The structure of 15 has been confirmed by X-ray analysis, and shown to be a zwitterion. Rearranged products (i.e., 16 and 20-22 ) were also obtained when 3 was reacted with dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate or methanesulfonyl chloride, whereas tosyl chloride gave normal tosylated derivatives ( 17-19 ). The latter have also a nearly linear N-S…O arrangement, but the interaction between S and O is weak.     

三种保护的二糖苯丙素苷的合成研究

本文采用先成苷法，从已合成的2-对烯丙氧苯乙基-4,6-O-亚苄基-β-D-葡萄糖苷(1)出发，经2位选择性乙酰化、3位引入三乙酰基保护的鼠李糖基、4，6位脱去亚苄基，得到了关键的中间体4；在化合物4的葡萄糖4、6位分别引入对位取代的肉桂酰基，便得到了保护的二糖苯丙素苷5、7、8。与后成苷法相比，路线缩短一步，收率有所提高。     

6-Coordinate tungsten(VI) tris-n-isopropylanilide complexes: products of terminal oxo and nitrido transformations effected by main group electrophiles

The nitridotungsten(vi) complex NW(N[i-Pr]Ar)(3) (-N, Ar = 3,5-Me(2)C(6)H(3)) reacts with (CF(3)C(O))(2)O followed by ClSiMe(3) to give the isolable trifluoroacetylimido-chloride complex -(NC(O)CF(3))Cl, with oxalyl chloride to give cyanate-dichloride -(OCN)(Cl)(2), and with PCl(5) to give trichlorophosphinimide-dichloride -(NPCl(3))(Cl)(2). The oxo-chloride complex -(O)Cl, obtained from -N upon treatment with pivaloyl chloride, reacts with PCl(5) to give trichloride -(Cl)(3). Synthetic and structural details are reported for the new tungsten trisanilide derivatives.     

Synthesis of C3-symmetric tris(beta-hydroxy amide) ligands and their Ti(IV) complex-catalyzed enantioselective alkynylation of aldehydes

[reaction: see text]. A series of new chiral C3-symmetric tris(beta-hydroxy amide) ligands have been synthesized via the reaction of 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic chloride and optically pure amino alcohols (up to 96% yield). The asymmetric catalytic alkynylation of aldehydes with these new C3-symmetric chiral tris(beta-hydroxy amide) ligands and Ti (O(i)'Pr)4 was investigated. Ligand 4c synthesized from (1R,2S)-(-)-2-amino-1,2-diphenylethanol is effective for the enantioselective alkynylation of various aldehydes, and high enantioselectivity was obtained with aromatic aldehydes and alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehyde (up to 92% ee).     

Speciation of copper(II) complexes in an ionic liquid based on choline chloride and in choline chloride/water mixtures

A deep-eutectic solvent with the properties of an ionic liquid is formed when choline chloride is mixed with copper(II) chloride dihydrate in a 1:2 molar ratio. EXAFS and UV-vis-near-IR optical absorption spectroscopy have been used to compare the coordination sphere of the cupric ion in this ionic liquid with that of the cupric ion in solutions of 0.1 M of CuCl(2)·2H(2)O in solvents with varying molar ratios of choline chloride and water. The EXAFS data show that species with three chloride ions and one water molecule coordinated to the cupric ion as well as species with two chloride molecules and two water molecules coordinated to the cupric ion are present in the ionic liquid. On the other hand, a fully hydrated copper(II) ion is formed in an aqueous solution free of choline chloride, and the tetrachlorocuprate(II) complex forms in aqueous choline chloride solutions with more than 50 wt % of choline chloride. In solutions with between 0 and 50 wt % of choline chloride, mixed chloro-aquo complexes occur. Upon standing at room temperature, crystals of CuCl(2)·2H(2)O and of Cu(choline)Cl(3) formed in the ionic liquid. Cu(choline)Cl(3) is the first example of a choline cation coordinating to a transition-metal ion. Crystals of [choline](3)[CuCl(4)][Cl] and of [choline](4)[Cu(4)Cl(10)O] were also synthesized from molecular or ionic liquid solvents, and their crystal structures were determined.