壳聚糖-纤维素硫酸钠聚电解质复合物膜对药物表观渗透系数的测试(英文)

药物渗透系数是考察复合物膜的药物释放性能的重要参数.本文以溶解性不同的两种药物扑热息痛和5-氨基水杨酸(5-ASA)为模型药物研究了其在壳聚糖-纤维素硫酸钠聚电解质复合物膜中的渗透性能.结果表明:壳聚糖-纤维素硫酸钠聚电解质复合物膜的渗透性能与其溶胀性能密切相关;复合物膜中壳聚糖和纤维素硫酸钠的配比、相对分子量和pH值对膜的渗透性能和溶胀性能影响显著,以扑热息痛作为模型药物研究了壳聚糖-纤维素硫酸钠聚电解质复合物膜在模拟胃肠液中对药物的渗透性能.通过调整该复合物膜的配方,可以使该膜分别实现胃、小肠和结肠定位释药的目的.     

壳聚糖／聚丙烯酸聚电解质复合物膜对水／有机液体系的渗透汽化性能

以壳聚糖和聚丙烯酸为原料制备了聚电解质复合物膜，并对其分离水／乙醇体系的渗透汽化特性和浓度，温度，化学组成等因素的影响进行了研究，发现后处理方法对复合物膜的分离性能影响很大。同时对其它水／有机液体系，该膜也具备优异的分离性能。     

藻朊酸钠/壳聚糖聚电解质复合物膜 Ⅰ.对水/有机液体系的渗透汽化特性

制备了藻朊酸钠／壳聚糖聚电解质复合物复合膜，研究了进料液浓度、温度等对水／乙醇体系渗透汽化特性的影响；发现膜的不同表面接触进料液时膜的分离性能不同。同时，对其它水／有机液体系，该膜也具有优异的分离性能。     

藻朊酸钠／壳聚糖聚电解质复合物膜：Ⅰ.对水／有机液体系的渗透 …

制备了藻朊酸钠／壳聚糖聚电解质复合物复合膜，研究了进料液浓度，温度等对水／乙醇体系渗透汽化特性的影响；发现膜的不同表面是料液时膜的分离不同。同时，对其它水／有机液体系，该膜也具有优异的分离性能。     

脱乙酰壳多糖─羧甲基纤维素聚电解质复合物的合成和药物控制释放研究

本文研究合成条件对脱乙酰壳多糖─羧甲基纤维素聚电解质复合物的组成、结构及药物控制释放性能的影响。结果表明,反应介质的ｐＨ值对生成的脱乙酰壳多糖─羧甲基纤维素聚电解质复合物的组成和结构的影响最大,在ｐＨ值５．５合成的脱乙酰壳多糖─羧甲基纤维素聚电解质复合物具有较好的药物控释性能。     

脱乙酰壳多糖——羧甲基纤维素聚电解质复合物的合成和药物控 …

本文研究合成条件对脱乙酰壳多糖－羧甲基纤维素聚电解质复合物的组成。结构及药物控制释放性能的影响。结果表明,反应介质的ｐＨ值对生成的脱乙酰壳多糖－羧甲基纤维素聚电解质复合物的组成和结构的影响最大,在ｐＨ值５．５合成的脱乙酰壳多糖－羧甲基纤维素聚电解质复合物具有较好的药物控释性能。     

脱乙酰壳多糖-羧甲基纤维素聚电解质复合物的合成和药物控制释放研究

本文研究合成条件对脱乙酰壳多糖－羧甲基纤维素聚电解质复合物的组成、结构及药物控制释放性能的影响。结果表明，反应介质的ｐＨ值对生成的脱乙酰壳多糖－羧甲基纤维素聚电解质复合物的组成和结构的影响最大，在ｐＨ值５．５合成的脱乙酰壳多糖－羧甲基纤维素聚电解质复合物具有较好的药物控释性能。     

ZSM-5分子筛填充壳聚糖膜的制备与性能研究

采用液相共混的方法制备了ZSM-5分子筛填充壳聚糖膜.扫描电镜表征表明分子筛在膜中分散均匀,膜表面没有明显缺陷.考察了填充膜在碳酸二甲酯/甲醇混合液中的溶胀和吸附行为,探讨了填充膜中分子筛含量及操作温度对渗透汽化膜分离性能的影响.结果表明膜优先吸附甲醇,其分离性能主要由溶解过程控制;随着膜中分子筛含量的增加,膜的溶胀度增大,渗透通量大幅度提高;渗透通量与操作温度符合Arrhenius关系式.与壳聚糖均质膜相比,ZSM-5分子筛填充壳聚糖膜对甲醇和碳酸二甲酯混合物具有更好的分离效果.     

CS-CMC聚合物电解质膜的制备及在电生成FeO2-4中的应用

以戊二醛为交联剂,制备了壳聚糖(CS)-羧甲基纤维素(CMC)聚合物电解质膜.用电子显微镜观察其表面形貌.IR分析表明该聚合物薄膜含有COOH,NH3+官能团,具有两性离子的特征.与CS膜或CMC膜相比,该膜能稳定存在于酸碱溶液中.膜特性研究表明CS-CMC聚合物电解质膜具有离子交换和选择性渗透能力,可作为隔膜电解制备高铁酸盐.     

CS-CMC聚合物电解质膜的制备及在电生成FeO_4~(2-)中的应用

以戊二醛为交联剂,制备了壳聚糖(CS)-羧甲基纤维素(CMC)聚合物电解质膜.用电子显微镜观察其表面形貌.IR分析表明该聚合物薄膜含有COOH,NH 3官能团,具有两性离子的特征.与CS膜或CMC膜相比,该膜能稳定存在于酸碱溶液中.膜特性研究表明CS-CMC聚合物电解质膜具有离子交换和选择性渗透能力,可作为隔膜电解制备高铁酸盐.     

Performances of NaCS–WSC protein drug microcapsules with different degree of substitution of NaCS using sodium polyphosphate as cross-linking agent

Sodium cellulose sulfate–water soluble chitosan (NaCS–WSC) microcapsules loaded with lactoferrin were fabricated with special performances using different degree of substitution (DS) of NaCS and WSC as potential micro-drug-carriers for colon. Effect of using cross-linking agent (sodium polyphosphate) and DS of NaCS on the structures and performances of microcapsules was studied. The results of laser scanning confocal microscope showed that fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled lactoferrin distributed evenly in the drug-loaded microcapsules with cross-linker. NaCSs (DS: 0.51 and DS: 0.66, respectively) were chosen to prepare lactoferrin loaded microcapsules with WSC and cross-linker for comparison studies. DS of NaCS had some effects on erosion properties in which the erosion ratios of microcapsules with DS of 0.51 were higher than that with DS of 0.66, but showed no effect on swelling behaviors. Drug loading and encapsulation efficiencies of microcapsules (DS: 0.66) were 51.05 ± 0.97 and 75.88 ± 1.44 %, respectively, which were higher than that of microcapsules with DS of 0.51. In vitro release studies showed that the percentage of drug release of microcapsules (DS: 0.51) were higher than that of microcapsules with DS of 0.66 in simulated colonic fluid (pH 6.4) under mechanism of Anomalous (non-Fickian) transport, indicating that they are promising candidates as sustained protein drug delivery carriers with special performances.     

Pervaporation properties of thermally modified chitosan films

Pervaporation properties of chitosan films in a basic form prepared from thermally modified chitosan acetate in a salt form with respect to aqueous-organic media are studied. It is found that thermally treated films of smaller surface areas have higher permeability and selectivity than the initial chitosan film. A tenfold increase in the membrane surface area leads to a manyfold decrease in a permeate flux density through a thermally treated membrane as compared with an initial membrane and to the appearance of inverse selective permeability upon variations in a liquid phase composition. The results obtained are compared with the previous data. It is concluded that swelling complex polymeric materials are characterized insufficiently for explanation of specific transport properties with respect to low-molecular-weight substances that are capable of varying the supramolecular organization of a polymer.     

Addition of polysaccharides influences colloidal interactions during latex film formation along with film morphology and permeability

In this paper, the effect of two polysaccharides (chitosan and dextran) on latex film morphology and porosity is investigated with atomic force microscopy, and the water permeability of the films is examined as well. Furthermore, latex films formed with mixtures of dextran and poly(ethylene glycol), PEG, are investigated. The results show that latex films without added polymers have the most homogeneous and dense morphology. In films containing dextran the highest degree of flocculation is observed, while these films do not show the highest water permeability. The highest permeability is observed in films containing chitosan and film porosity and permeability correlate positively to increasing chitosan concentration. The permeability of the latex films containing dextran and PEG accelerates with time. Since addition of these polymers to latex suspensions give rise to different morphologies and film permeabilities, this approach has promising abilities for control of film properties and, thus, has potential within controlled drug release.     

Biodegradable biocompatible xyloglucan films for various applications

Polysaccharides are known for their film-forming properties which have been intensively investigated for food and non-food applications. Here we have developed a xyloglucan transparent film for various applications especially in controlled release of drugs and cosmetics. The present study evaluated the properties of the composite films of xyloglucan, chitosan and rice starch obtained by the casting/solvent evaporation method. Xyloglucan chitosan blend film shows better mechanical properties. Hydrophobicity and crystallinity of xyloglucan film was increased by blending with chitosan. This was confirmed by X-ray diffraction studies and contact angle measurements. Scanning electron microscopic observations indicated that the xyloglucan chitosan blend films were smooth and homogenous. Thermogravimetric and differential scannining calorimetric analysis showed a high thermal stability and melting temperature of xyloglucan chitosan film compared with others. The swelling properties of the xyloglucan chitosan blend film, studied as a function of pH showed that the sorption ability of the blend film was high at a pH 7.4. This indicates its controlled release property at that pH. Controlled drug release property of the film was studied by using streptomycin as a model drug.     

Biomimetic modification of chitosan with covalently grafted lactose and blended heparin for improvement of in vitro cellular interaction

Lactose‐ and heparin‐modified chitosan films were prepared and their physical and biological properties were compared with chitosan, chitosan‐g‐heparin, and chitosan‐g‐lactose films. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurement showed that all these films in the dry state were rather flat with a roughness smaller than 20 nm. While the chitosan‐g‐lactose/heparin and chitosan‐g‐lactose films have the highest swelling and weight loss ratios, the chitosan and chitosan‐g‐heparin films have the lowest. The chitosan‐g‐lactose/heparin film showed stronger ability to induce chondrocyte attachment, proliferation, viability, and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) secretion than that of the chitosan, chitosan‐g‐heparin, and chitosan‐g‐lactose films. Chondrocyte aggregates and nodules were observed on the chitosan‐g‐lactose/heparin and chitosan‐g‐lactose films, which still preserved viable metabolic ability. These results show that the lactose‐modified and heparin‐incorporated chitosan film can enhance the cell–biomaterial interaction synchronously. The resulting chitosan‐g‐lactose/heparin material is more bioactive that might be applicable as promising scaffold for chondrogenesis. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

紫外光固化的聚氨酯－丙烯酸酯－纤维素复合膜

再生纤维素膜(甘蔗渣浆制)表面直接用紫外光固化聚氨酯-丙烯酸酯制备出防水性复合膜。由红外光谱和扫描电镜研究了复合膜的结构。同时,测定了膜的防水性、力学性能、水汽透过性和尺寸稳定性。实验结果表明,当聚氨酯：丙烯酸酯为40:55(质量比),在400W紫外光下固化5min制得的复合膜具有致密的表面结构和较好的性能,该膜经水浸泡后其断裂强度可达干膜的90%,浸水收缩率和膨胀率均小于2.5%,水汽渗透量仅为再生纤维素膜的1/4.由此表明复合膜的防水性和尺寸稳定性明显提高。此外,该复合膜在可见光区的透光率在80%～90%之间,而且对紫外光有屏蔽作用。     

Native and polymeric β-cyclodextrins in performance improvement of chitosan films aimed for buccal delivery of poorly soluble drugs

β-Cyclodextrin (βCD) and its soluble polymeric derivative (EPIβCD) were used to improve the effectiveness of chitosan-based bucco-adhesive film formulations containing bupivacaine hydrochloride and triclosan as poorly-soluble model drugs. The film formulations were characterized in terms of swelling, mucoadhesion and in vitro drug release, while possible interactions between the components were investigated by DSC and FTIR analyses. For both drugs EPIβCD showed a higher solubilizing efficiency than βCD; however cyclodextrin effectiveness in improving the release rate from film formulations was influenced by their different interactions with chitosan. Free βCD acted as a channelling agent, favouring the film swelling, while EPIβCD due to interaction with chitosan caused an opposite effect. βCD was the optimal partner for bupivacaine-loaded films in terms of film swelling, mucoadhesion and drug release. Contrariwise, EPIβCD was the best partner for triclosan-loaded films, allowing the highest drug release rate increase, due to its higher solubilizing ability with respect to βCD. Addition of the suitable cyclodextrin enabled formulation of buccal films with suitable drug release properties.     

Properties of nitrocellulose‐coated and polyethylene‐laminated chitosan and whey films

Chitosan (chitosan acetic acid salt) and whey (65% protein) films were coated with a nitrocellulose lacquer or laminated with polyethylene to enhance their water resistance and gas barrier properties in humid environments. The barrier properties were measured by the Cobb₆₀ test and water‐vapor (100% relative humidity) transmission and oxygen (90% relative humidity) permeability tests. Mechanical properties were obtained with tensile tests. Packaging properties were studied with crease and folding tests. The Cobb₆₀ test revealed that the coated films were resistant to liquid water, at least for a short exposure time, if the coating thickness was at least 10–17 μm. Water‐vapor transmission rates comparable to those of polyethylene‐laminated films were obtained for coated chitosan at a coating thickness of 5–7 μm. The coated films possessed low oxygen permeability despite the high humidity. Coated films dried for 3 weeks showed oxygen permeabilities at 90% relative humidity that were similar to values for dry ethylene‐co‐vinyl alcohol at 0% relative humidity. The lacquer partly penetrated the whey films, and this led to excellent adhesion but poor lacquer toughness. The lacquer coating on chitosan was tougher, and it was possible to fold these films 90° without the coating fracturing if the coating thickness was small. The coated whey films were readily creasable. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys 39: 985–992, 2001     

Preparation of Crosslinked Chitosan/Silk Fibroin Blend Films for Drug Delivery System

Crosslinked chitosan/silk fibroin blend films were prepared by a solution casting technique using glutaraldehyde as crosslinking agent. Drug release characteristics of the blend films with various blend compositions were investigated. Theophylline, diclofenac sodium, amoxicillin trihydrate, and salicylic acid were used as model drugs. The release studies were performed at 37 °C in buffer solutions at pH 2.0, 5.5, and 7.2. It was found that the blend films with 80% chitosan content showed the maximum amount of model drug release at pH 2.0 for all the drugs studied here. This result corresponded to the swelling ability of the blend films. From a swelling study, the maximum degrees of swelling of the drug‐loaded blend films were obtained at this pH and blend composition. The amount of drugs released from the films with 80% chitosan content, from the highest to the lowest values, occurred in the following sequence: salicylic acid > theophylline > diclofenac sodium > amoxicillin.

Comparison of the amounts of drug released from chitosan and the blend film with 80% chitosan content at pH 2.0: (filled) chitosan film, and (blank) blend film with 80% chitosan content (SAL = salicylic acid, THEO = theophylline, DFS = diclofenac sodium, AMX = amoxicillin).     

Development of PE/PCL Bilayer Films Modified with Casein and Aluminum Oxide

The studied samples were prepared from polyethylene (PE) polymer which was coated with modified polycaprolactone (PCL) film in order to obtain bilayer films. Thin PCL film was modified with casein/aluminum oxide compound to enhance vapor permeability as well as mechanical and thermal properties of PE/PCL films. Casein/aluminum oxide modifiers were used in order to achieve some functional properties of polymer film that can be used in various applications, e.g., reduction of water vapor permeability (WVTR) and good mechanical and thermal properties. Significant improvement was observed in mechanical properties, especially in tensile strength as well as in water vapor values. Samples prepared with aluminum oxide particles indicated significantly lower values up to 60%, and samples that were prepared with casein and 5% Al₂O₃ showed the lowest WVTR value.