氢氧化镁共沉淀法测定海水中纳摩尔级活性磷酸盐

利用海水中Mg(2+)与OH-生成沉淀时会共沉淀PO(3-4)的特性,富集海水中PO(3-4),富集后的Mg(OH)2沉淀用酸溶解,应用磷钼蓝-分光光度法测定.对试剂用量、离心速度及时间、Mg(OH)2,溶解用酸种类、H/Mo等实验参数和条件进行了优化.并采用与常规磷钼蓝法介质一致的H2SO4作为Mg(OH)2沉淀溶解...     

电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定硫化物单矿物中痕量稀土元素

硫化物单矿物基体复杂,在利用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪测定其中稀土元素时,基体效应干扰严重,为准确测定其中的稀土元素,必须对样品进行分离富集。采用硝酸-氢氟酸体系溶解样品,通过Fe(OH)_3共沉淀和阴离子交换树脂(AG1-X8)去除基体元素,利用电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定稀土元素。通过测定两种国家标准物质硫化物单矿物(GBW 07267,GBW07268,GBW07270)中稀土元素来验证该方法,方法检出限为0. 003(Tm)～0. 138(Ce) ng·g~(-1),加标回收率在91%～113%之间。     

阳离子交换树脂分离-分光光度法测定水中痕量铜

采用静态法研究了HD-8阳离子交换树脂对铜的吸附速率、吸附温度和吸附量等性能。试验结果表明:在0.1～0.5mol·L~(-1)盐酸溶液介质中铜的吸附率在95%以上,用3mol·L~(-1)盐酸溶液3mL可将吸附于柱上的铜(Ⅱ)完全洗脱下来。在优化的试验条件下,该HD-8阳离子交换树脂微柱对铜的富集限为2μg/200mL,富集倍数为67倍。在此基础上提出了一种阳离子交换树脂分离分光光度法测定水样中痕量铜的方法。该方法用于测定鄱阳湖水中痕量铜,测得平均回收率为101.5%之间,相对标准偏差(n=5)为1.82%。     

离子交换分离富集和ICP-AES测定钨酸钠中微量钙和镁

本文首次提出了用ICP-AES法测定用D001-CC强酸型阳离子交换树脂预分离富集钨酸钠中Ca和Mg。Ca及Mg的平均口收率分别为95%及90%,相对偏差分别为1.8%及0.9%。     

电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定二氧化铀中痕量磷和硅元素

研究了电感偶合等离子体发射光谱法测定二氧化铀(UO2)中痕量磷和硅元素含量的方法。经过对HNO3,H2O等试剂的多级纯化,获得超低空白的高纯试剂。对样品溶解、待测杂质元素与铀基体分离等过程从机理方面进行了研究。在分离铀基体与硅元素时用磷酸三丁酯(TBP)作萃取剂,二甲苯作为稀释剂;在分离铀基体与磷元素时用三辛胺(TOA)作萃取剂,二甲苯作稀释剂。二氧化铀中磷、硅元素检出限分别为0.012,0.078μg/g,加标回收率分别为98%,96%,相对标准偏差小于4%(n=6)。该方法重现性好、检出限低,满足生产和科研检测要求。     

对乙酰基偶氮羧分光光度法测定铜锌镍及其化合物中的微量钙

本文提出在NaOH-NH_3·H_2O或NH_3·H_2O介质中,可采用Fe(OH)_3共沉淀法富集Cu、Zn、Ni及其化合物中的微量钙,用离心分离法分离基体元素后,再以对乙酰基偶氮羧光度法测定。方法分离手续简便,测定快速准确,标准加料回收试验的回收率在96—100.7%之间,试样分析的相对标准偏差<±3.2%(6—9次测定)。     

阳离子第Ⅲ组分离条件的改进

在分析化学定性分析教学中,按硫化氢系统分组法将阳离子分为V个组。第Ⅲ组阳离子的分析方法甚多,Tenbusch等曾总结了13种分离法,但最常用的组内分离一般有两种方法即氨法和碱法。按氨法分离时,部分Mn~(2+)生成MnO(OH)_2而留在沉淀中,部分Co(OH)_2发生共沉淀,造成Mn_(2+),Co~(2+)两边跑,即一部分随Fe(OH)_3,Al(OH)_3,Cr(OH)_3共沉淀下来,一部分留在溶液中,使分离不完全,检出有一定困难。按碱法分离时,部分Zn(OH)_2被带下共沉淀,因而在检出时易丢Zn~(2+)。我们在近几年的实验课教学中,改进了阳离子第Ⅲ组组内分离条件。分离效果好,克服了碱法和氨法分离的缺点。     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)法测定铝合金中高含量硅

采用混合酸直接消解样品,不分离析出的残渣硅元素,将残渣直接溶解到原液中,以电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)法测定铝合金中高含量的硅,通过基体匹配法配制标准溶液系列,实验结果相对标准偏差小于0.3%,回收率在95%～105%,方法简化样品处理步骤,适用于快速高效地测定铝合金中高含量的硅。     

食用菌中稀土元素的分离富集-ICP-AES法测定

采用强酸型阳离子交换树脂分离富集-ICP-AES法同时测定食用菌中的稀土元素,排除了高含量的K、Na、Ca、Mg等非稀土元素的基体干扰,并对分析谱线的选择、样品消解方法、仪器工作条件和分离富集条件进行了研究。方法回收率为92.2%~104.2%,相对标准偏差为1.4%~9.7%。     

基体分离-高分辨电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定硫化物矿石中的稀土元素和钇

采用Na2O2碱熔,经阳离子交换树脂分离富集,分离掉大量熔剂和基体,HR-ICP-MS上测定铅锌矿中的稀土元素。采用内标法消除基体影响,轻稀土元素采用低分辨率模式测定,重稀土元素采用高分辨率模式测定,有效地消除了测定过程中的基体干扰和轻稀土对重稀土的干扰。方法检出限为0.5~12.1ng/g,RSD在1.0%~4.6%之间。     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Cu0-catalysed 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of α-amino acid derived N,N-cyclic azomethine imines to ynones

A series of 20 CuAIAC reactions between eight 4-acylamino substituted pyrazolidine-3-one-1-azomethine imines and four terminal ynones were performed using Cu⁰ as catalyst. The corresponding fluorescent cycloadducts were obtained in very high yields upon simple workup. Thus, Cu-metal turned out to be a better catalyst than Cu^I in terms of yield and ease of isolation. Availability of azomethine imines, mild reaction conditions, and simple workup enable a “click” access to libraries of densely substituted 2,3-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyrazol-1-ones. Reactivity of differently substituted dipoles was evaluated experimentally and by quantum chemical methods (DFT).     

Synthesis and antioxidative/anti-inflammatory activity of novel fullerene–polyamine conjugates

(E)-4-(Fullerenopyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid and its corresponding succinimidyl ester, readily obtained through Prato-type modification of C₆₀, were used for the selective N-acylation of polyamines. The thus obtained conjugates were evaluated for their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity and their cytotoxicity was determined. Members of this family of compounds showed interesting anti-lipid peroxidation, anti-lipoxygenase and anti-inflammatory activity and comparable cytocompatibility to spermidine.