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许多病毒具有二十面体结构。本文对已经发现的各种二十面体病毒进行了分类,分析了二十面体病毒衣壳的结构特征,阐述了二十面体病毒的结构蛋白。 相似文献
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人乳头瘤病毒HPV-16衣壳蛋白的结构特征 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
人乳头瘤病毒HPV-16是引发子宫颈癌的主要元凶.研究HPV-16病毒的结构特点,对于二十面体病毒几何结构的认识、描述和疫苗设计具有重要意义.综述了HPV-16病毒的衣壳结构特征、衣壳蛋白,分析了它们之间的相互作用,并试探性地指出了HPV-16衣壳几何结构的数学问题. 相似文献
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Ni3Al合金液态与非晶中的原子团簇 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用常温常压分子动力学模拟技术,模拟了液态Ni3Al中原子团簇在快速凝固条件下的演变过程,模型采用的是TB(tight binding)作用势.用偶分布函数、键对和多面体等结构参数来描述快速凝固条件下团簇种类和数量的变化,并将团簇结构可视化.在2 000 K下,液态Ni3Al中团簇数量较少,且都是由缺陷二十面体构成;在4×1013 K•s-1的冷速下,团簇的数量随温度的降低不断增加,且出现完整二十面体团簇,体系最终形成了由二十面体和缺陷二十面体团簇网络所组成的非晶结构. 相似文献
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圆顶建筑、病毒衣壳和C60分子笼的生成机制和尺寸差别很大,但都属二十面体壳层,遵循同一几何规律。圆顶建筑和病毒衣壳由近似一等的三角面构成,有12个五键加3^5顶,10(T-1)个六键连3^6顶,其中三角面数T=h^2+hk+k^2是二十面体的一个三角面中的小三角面数,h,k是六角坐标系中3^5顶的坐标。另一方面,全碳分子笼Cn(包括其原型C60),由12个五角面与10(T-1)个六角面围成,全是三 相似文献
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采用X射线衍射(XRD)和高分辨透射电镜(HRTEM)对Al-Fe-Ce非晶合金的局域结构进行了研究,分析了二十面体短程序对非晶合金的形成及热稳定性的影响.Al-Fe-Ce非晶合金中的二十面体短程序均匀弥散分布在非晶基体中.Al颗粒被二十面体化学短程序紧紧包围,二十面体化学短程序阻碍了Al颗粒的长大,面心立方铝(fcc-Al)的形核需要二十面体结构的分解及溶于其中的元素的扩散.二十面体结构单元的存在和均匀分布有利于增强非晶合金的玻璃形成能力和非晶相的热稳定性. 相似文献
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圆顶建筑、病毒衣壳和C60分子·笼的生成机制和尺寸差别很大,但都属二十面体壳层,遵循同一几何规律。圆顶建筑和病毒衣壳由近似全等的三角面构成,有12个五键连35顶,10(T-1)个六键连36顶,其中三角面数T=h2+hk十k2是二十面体的一个三角中的小三角面数,h,k是六角坐标系中35顶的坐标。另一方面,全碳分子笼Cn(包括其原型C60)由12个五角面与10(T-1)个六角面围成,全是三键连顶(h,k是一个五角面中心的坐标)。显然,这两类二十面体壳层是对偶的,也就是它们的面、顶有互换关系。本文讨论这些二十面体壳层的几何特征及富勒烯的多样性,强调不同学科间的联系和科学研究的继承与发展的关系。 相似文献
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在准晶体结构中,配位二十面体作长程定向有序,但没有平移有序。作者探讨了准晶体的构筑原理。认为在准晶体中有两个原理在起作用,即二十面体原理和黄金中值原理。运用这两个原理可获得最简单的准晶体结构模型,并可用来解释Al-Mn合金准晶体的高分辨图。这一模型具分数维结构特征,故称分数维结构模型。作者进一步认识到所推导出的准晶体结构模型实际上是一种准晶格,由此系统地推导了准晶体的点群、单形及准晶格的可能类型。 相似文献
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本文报道新推导出的两个计算三角形剖分数(T)的公式:T=L~2/l~2和T=1.45(r~2/l~2),这里L是两个五邻体壳粒间的距离,l为任意两相邻壳粒间的距离,r是病毒核壳体的半径。对公式进行了验证和应用。特别值得注意的是公式:=0.83,它把三角形剖分数(T)、病毒体积以及壳粒间的距离(l)之间的关系紧密地联系起来,把所有正二十面体病毒衣壳参数统一于一个常数——0.83。 相似文献
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使用Tight-binding势函数, 对FCC-Ni升温熔化过程的结构变化进行了分子动力学模拟. 在定压条件下模拟得到的Ni的熔点在1850 K与1900 K之间. 计算得到了体系在各温度下的径向分布函数和配位数分布等静态结构信息以及动力学性质. 计算得出的液体Ni的扩散系数在1900 K时约为5.02×10−9 m2•s−1, 与实验数据相符. 对液态体系中FCC短程有序结构可能发生的畸变以及由此导致的H-A键型变化进行了分析, 结合配位体构型搜索和键对分析方法计算了各温度下不同短程有序结构的分布. 计算表明, Ni在熔化之后仍保留有部分晶态短程结构, 但发生了较大的畸变, 同时液态中有少量的缺陷二十面体结构存在. 而液体Ni中大多数的配位体的几何构型介于FCC与缺陷二十面体之间. 相似文献
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The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted
indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator
model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was
established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing
analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom.
Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997. 相似文献
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Cotton cellulose was swollen in a sodium hydroxide solution and carboxymethylated by a two-bath method for different periods of time for each process. The kinetics of acid hydrolysis and the crystallinity of the swollen and carboxymethylated samples were measured. The proportion of broken bonds, rate constants for hydrolysis, and permeability of cellulose to hydrolyzing agents were calculated. The susceptibility of glycosidic linkages to acid hydrolysis was improved by carboxymethylation more than by swelling in alkali. The increased accessibility of carboxymethylcellulose to acid was regarded as a consequence of increased intra-and intercrystalline swelling and of the glycosidic bonds' weakness caused by the electron-attracting carboxymethyl group on the C-6 position. 相似文献
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The aim of the presented work was the investigation of thermal oxidation of ilmenite in static air atmosphere. The investigations
were carried out by use of a derivatograph (MOM, Hungary). The changes of crystallographic structure of investigated samples
were identified by X-ray diffractometry on Philips PW-1710 diffractometer. In temperature above 500°C appears structure of
hematite Fe2O3. On the basis of the thermogravimetric measurements, the contracting area and contracting volume models were found as the
best fitting experimental data.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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Cyclopropyl derivative of 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol is synthesized as a probe to investigate the mechanism of base-catalyzed autooxidation of phenol derivatives. Our study indicates that one electron reduction of molecular oxygen from phenolate gives phenoxyl radical 3, a key intermediate of autooxidation. The coupling of phenoxyl radical and superoxide radical gives peroxylate anion 4 and produces the final epoxy alcohol adduct 6. 相似文献
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微量钙的测定方法研究进展 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
介绍了1995-2006年期间测定微量和痕量钙的方法,如电感耦合等离子体-原子发射光谱法、原子吸收光谱法以及离子色谱法等的工作原理和特点,并说明了其测定微量钙的应用领域。并对微量钙的测定技术进行了展望(引用文献55篇)。 相似文献
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Thermal behaviour of sodium oxo-salts of sulphur: Na2SO4, Na2S2O7, Na2S2O6, Na2SO3, Na2S2O5, Na2S2O4, Na2S2O3, Na2S3O6 and of sulphides Na2S and Na2S2 was studied on heating up to 1000°C. The experiments were performed with anhydrous compounds obtained from commercial products
by recrystallisation and dehydration. The stage mechanisms of decomposition of anionic sub-lattices of the salts have been
proposed basing on the Górski’s morphological classification of simple species. The thermal stability and the stage decomposition
mechanisms were correlated with the structure and the potential chemical properties of the salt anions. The thermal decomposition
processes were studied by means of thermal analysis, and the decomposition products were identified by means of X-ray phase
analysis. 相似文献