脱乙酰壳多糖-羧甲基纤维素聚电解质复合物的合成和药物控制释放研究

本文研究合成条件对脱乙酰壳多糖－羧甲基纤维素聚电解质复合物的组成、结构及药物控制释放性能的影响。结果表明，反应介质的ｐＨ值对生成的脱乙酰壳多糖－羧甲基纤维素聚电解质复合物的组成和结构的影响最大，在ｐＨ值５．５合成的脱乙酰壳多糖－羧甲基纤维素聚电解质复合物具有较好的药物控释性能。     

脱乙酰壳多糖——羧甲基纤维素聚电解质复合物的合成和药物控 …

本文研究合成条件对脱乙酰壳多糖－羧甲基纤维素聚电解质复合物的组成。结构及药物控制释放性能的影响。结果表明,反应介质的ｐＨ值对生成的脱乙酰壳多糖－羧甲基纤维素聚电解质复合物的组成和结构的影响最大,在ｐＨ值５．５合成的脱乙酰壳多糖－羧甲基纤维素聚电解质复合物具有较好的药物控释性能。     

脱乙酰壳多糖抑制真菌生长的构效关系

本研究目标是研究脱乙酰壳多糖的化学结构(乙酰化程度DA和聚合程度DP)与它的抑制真菌生长能力之间的构效关系. 选用了12个分属于3个系列、化学结构相关而又不同的、结构清晰的脱乙酰壳多糖和3种不同的真菌(Fusarium solani, Fusarium graminearum和Ustilago maydis). 通过分别测定每个脱乙酰壳多糖对3种真菌的生长曲线和最低抑制浓度(MIC, minimum inhibitory concentration); 比较各个系列脱乙酰壳多糖的MIC和它的化学结构(DA和DP)之间的关系. 结果显示对同一种真菌, 不同脱乙酰壳多糖的抑制真菌生长曲线形态和MIC是各不相同的; 同样同一脱乙酰壳多糖, 对不同真菌也有其特殊的生长曲线和MIC; 通常随着脱乙酰壳多糖中DA的递增, MIC是增加的, 其抑制真菌的活性是降低的; 在DA相同的条件下, 随着DP的递增, MIC也是增加的, 其抑制真菌的活性是减低的. 所以可以说, 脱乙酰壳多糖抑制真菌生长的能力与其化学结构紧密相关, 在本实验的条件下, 脱乙酰壳多糖分子越小, 分子中的自由氨基越多, 抑制真菌的活性越大.     

脱乙酰壳多糖─羧甲基纤维素聚电解质复合物的合成和药物控制释放研究

本文研究合成条件对脱乙酰壳多糖─羧甲基纤维素聚电解质复合物的组成、结构及药物控制释放性能的影响。结果表明,反应介质的ｐＨ值对生成的脱乙酰壳多糖─羧甲基纤维素聚电解质复合物的组成和结构的影响最大,在ｐＨ值５．５合成的脱乙酰壳多糖─羧甲基纤维素聚电解质复合物具有较好的药物控释性能。     

不同脱乙酰度对壳聚糖表面物理及吸附性能的影响

壳聚糖是甲壳素部分脱乙酰化的产物,脱乙酰度的大小对壳聚糖的性能影响很大。利用碱液法,通过对反应时间的控制,制备了不同脱乙酰度的壳聚糖并对其性能进行了研究。结果表明,随着脱乙酰度的增大,壳聚糖膜的吸水率增加,而对其表面接触角的变化则没有影响。同时,壳聚糖海绵对Ca2+和牛血清蛋白(BSA)的吸附能力也随着脱乙酰度的增大而增加。     

高硅ZSM－5沸石填充硅橡胶膜的研究（Ⅲ）──对纯溶剂的吸附、脱附及渗透蒸发性质

研究Ｓｉｌｉｃａｌｉｔｅ－Ⅰ填充ＰＤＭＳ膜对乙醇和水的吸附、脱附和渗透蒸发性质以及吸附膜中丙酮在ＤＳＣ测试中的行为。结果表明，沸石填充膜对乙醇的吸附量和渗透蒸发通量均明显高于水，且乙醇在沸石填充膜中达到吸附、脱附平衡的速度均快于水；且吸附在填充和不填充沸石的硅橡胶膜中丙酮的熔融温度有明显的提高，说明硅橡胶膜与有机溶剂有较强的相互作用。此外，沸石填充膜的结构在３０ｗｔ％填充量附近有一改变，表明膜中硅橡胶的连续性遭到破坏。     

金属螯合亲和膜吸附分离与纯化溶菌酶的研究（Ⅱ）——不同金 …

采用低温氧或氨等离子体法改性聚丙烯微孔膜，基于等离子体改性膜的活化，偶联及螯合过程的机理，制备了Ｆｅ＾３＋、Ｎｉ＾２＋、Ｃｕ＾２＋等金属离子螯合亲和膜，并用于溶菌酶的吸－脱附实验。两种膜的重复吸－脱附性能相近，而Ｆｅ＾３＋螯合亲和膜基本上不能用于重复吸－脱附实验，采用补充金属螯合离子，能部分恢复亲和膜对溶菌酶的吸附量，是实现亲和膜重复使用的有效方法。     

高硅ZSM—5沸石填充硅像胶膜的研究（Ⅲ）：对纯溶剂的吸附…

研究Ｓｉｌｉｃａｌｉｔｅ－Ｉ填充ＰＤＭＳ膜对乙醇和水的吸附、脱附和渗透蒸发性质以及吸附膜中丙酮在ＤＳＣ测试中的行为。结果表明，沸石填充膜对乙醇的吸附量和渗透蒸发通量均明显高于水，且乙醇的沸石填充膜中达到吸附、脱附平衡的速度均快于水；且吸附在填充和不填充沸石的硅橡胶膜中丙酮的熔融温度有明显的提高，说明硅橡胶膜与有机溶剂有较强的相互作用。此外，沸石填充膜的结构在３０ｗｔ％填充量附近有一改变，表明膜中硅     

壳聚糖对Zn2+的吸附性能研究

本文用壳聚糖对Ｚｎ＾２＋的吸附条件进行了研究,探讨了脱乙酰度,分子量,粒度大小,溶液的ｐＨ值,温度,Ｚｎ＾２＋起始浓度和不同锌盐等方面对壳聚糖吸附性能的影响。结果表明：壳聚糖对Ｚｎ＾２＋的吸附具有Ｌａｎｇｍｕｉｒ吸附特征,其吸附最佳条件是壳聚糖脱乙酰度为１００％,锌盐为硫酸锌,Ｚｎ＾２＋溶液ｐＨ值为６．０,起始浓度４－５ｍｇ／ｍｌ。     

大粒径磁性高分子微球的制备

大粒径磁性高分子微球的制备邱广明邱广亮＊（内蒙古工业大学电力学院动力系呼和浩特）（内蒙古师范大学生物系呼和浩特０１００２２）关键词高分子磁性微球，苯乙烯，丙烯酸，共聚物，制备１９９６－１１－２５收稿，１９９７－０６－１１修回内蒙古自然科学基金资助项目...     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Microwave-assisted copper-catalyzed stereoselective ring expansion of three-membered heterocycles with α-diazo-β-dicarbonyl compounds

Microwave-assisted copper-catalyzed ring expansions of three-membered heterocycles with α-diazo-β-dicarbonyl compounds were investigated. Thiiranes generated 3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines in the presence of copper sulfate and trans-3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines as stereospecific products for 1,2-disubstituted cis-thiiranes through an intramolecular S_N2 process. Oxiranes gave rise to 2-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines under the catalysis of copper hexafluoroacetylacetonate and cis-3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines as stereospecific products for 1,2-disubstituted cis-oxiranes via an intimate ion-pair mechanism. The current method provides a direct and simple strategy in efficient preparation of 3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines and 2-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines, important agents in medicinal and agricultural chemistry, from readily available thiiranes and oxiranes, respectively.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).