超级电容器石墨烯-聚苯胺复合材料的研究进展

超级电容器具有功率密度高、充放电速度快、循环寿命长和维护成本低的特点,在电动车动力电池领域具有潜在的应用前景。超级电容器性能主要由其电极材料所决定。聚苯胺易合成、理论比容量高,而且导电性能优异,作为超级电容器电极材料有很高的应用价值。但是,在长期使用过程中,它的体积容易发生膨胀或收缩,循环寿命差。为了解决这个问题,将聚苯胺与石墨烯复合可以扬长避短,充分利用两者之间的协同效应,赋予复合材料优异电化学电容性能。本文综述了超级电容器用石墨烯-聚苯胺复合材料的制备方法,包括原位聚合法、油水界面合成法、电化学合成法、层层自组装法等;提出了三维网状石墨烯和对石墨烯-聚苯胺复合材料进行改性来提高复合材料的电化学电容性能的思路。     

超级电容器用石墨烯-聚苯胺复合材料的研究进展

超级电容器具有功率密度高、充放电速度快、循环寿命长和维护成本低的特点,在电动车动力电池领域具有潜在的应用前景。超级电容器性能主要由其电极材料所决定。聚苯胺易合成、理论比容量高,而且导电性能优异,作为超级电容器电极材料有很高的应用价值。但是,在长期使用过程中,它的体积容易发生膨胀或收缩,循环寿命差。为了解决这个问题,将聚苯胺与石墨烯复合可以扬长避短,充分利用两者之间的协同效应,赋予复合材料优异电化学电容性能。本文综述了超级电容器用石墨烯-聚苯胺复合材料的制备方法,包括原位聚合法、油水界面合成法、电化学合成法、层层自组装法等;提出了三维网状石墨烯和对石墨烯-聚苯胺复合材料进行改性来提高复合材料的电化学电容性能的思路。     

导电聚苯胺/橡胶复合材料的研究进展

聚苯胺是一种结构型导电高分子,因其特殊的结构和优异的物理化学性能,使它在二次电池、金属防腐、传感器、电容器、电磁屏蔽及抗静电等领域有着广泛而深入的应用前景。本文概述了导电聚苯胺的结构和特性,主要综述了聚苯胺/橡胶基复合材料的制备方法。其制备方法主要有共混法和聚合法,共混法主要有机械熔融共混法、溶液共混法和乳液共混法;聚合法主要包括电化学聚合、原位乳液聚合法、吸附聚合法等,总结了聚苯胺/橡胶基复合材料的研究情况及发展应用。     

石墨烯-聚苯胺类超级电容器复合电极材料

聚苯胺理论比容量高、易合成,是一种理想的电极材料,但其循环寿命差,而石墨烯具有高的理论比表面积,将二者复合,充分利用两者之间的协同效应,能够使复合材料具有优异的电化学电容性能。本文回顾了近几年石墨烯-聚苯胺纳米复合材料在超级电容器中的最新研究结果及其制备方法,并对如何优化电极的结构与性能进行讨论,同时介绍了石墨烯-聚苯胺类电极材料在有机超级电容器中的应用进展,最后对石墨烯-聚苯胺复合材料的前景进行了展望。超级电容器用石墨烯-聚苯胺纳米复合材料的发展取决于其合理的微观结构设计,构建理想的三维多孔结构以避免聚苯胺的膨胀与收缩现象是研究的方向之一,此外,在改善石墨烯和聚苯胺间弱的界面相互作用的同时寻求石墨烯性能与功能化的平衡仍是难点,机械性能优异的聚苯胺纳米复合材料对于柔性全固态超级电容器的研究也会起到关键作用。     

石墨烯/聚苯胺复合材料在超级电容器中的研究进展

聚苯胺理论比容量高,具有优良的导电性能,是理想的超级电容器电极材料。但是,在长期的充放电过程中容易发生体积的收缩与膨胀,循环寿命差。同时,石墨烯由于具有高的理论比表面积,被广泛用作超级电容器电极材料。将聚苯胺与石墨烯复合,利用二者的协同作用,使复合材料具有优异的电化学性能。本文综述了石墨烯/聚苯胺复合材料的制备方法以及近年来在超级电容器领域的主要研究成果,并就其目前存在的主要问题进行了讨论,最后对石墨烯/聚苯胺复合材料的前景进行了展望。     

废旧锂离子电池基石墨烯/聚苯胺复合材料制备及其电化学性能研究

以废旧手机锂离子电池回收的负极石墨粉制备的氧化石墨烯(GO)和苯胺单体为原料,利用GO活化H_2O_2产生的·OH为氧化剂,采用原位复合法制备了不同质量比的石墨烯/聚苯胺复合材料,通过FTIR、XRD和SEM对其进行了表征,并利用循环伏安、交流阻抗、恒电流充放电等对其电化学性能进行测试。结果表明,该类石墨烯/聚苯胺复合材料具有良好的电化学性能,当电流密度为100mA/g时,质量比为1∶10制备的石墨烯/聚苯胺复合材料(rGO/PANI-10)的比电容达到481F/g,较石墨烯比容量(161F/g)提高了199%,较聚苯胺比容量(351F/g)提高了37%;在500mA/g电流密度下,rGO/PANI-10充放电循环1000圈后,电容保持率为77%,表现出较好的循环稳定性。     

The Research Progress of Polymer/Graphene Nanocomposites

石墨烯以其优异的力学、光学、电学和热学性能,得到日益广泛的关注和研究。本文介绍了石墨烯的结构、性能和特点,并对石墨烯的改性方法进行了概括。本文着重综述了高分子／石墨烯纳米复合材料的研究现状和进展,并介绍了高分子／石墨烯纳米复合材料的三种制备方法,即原位插层聚合法、溶液插层法和熔融插层法。此外,还对高分子／石墨烯纳米复合材料的应用前景进行了展望,并对石墨烯复合材料研究存在的问题和未来的研究方向进行了讨论。     

氧化石墨烯/聚苯胺复合材料的制备及电化学电容性能的研究

以对苯二胺为引发剂,用苯胺和氧化石墨烯(GO)为原料,采用化学原位聚合法制备了氧化石墨烯/聚苯胺(GP)复合材料,不添加任何表面活性剂和模板剂。采用傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)光谱、X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)和透射电镜(TEM)对复合材料进行了物性表征,并对其电化学性能进行了测试。结果显示,复合材料保持了氧化石墨烯的基本形貌,聚苯胺纤维分布在氧化石墨烯层间及所形成的褶皱上。二者形成的二元纳米复合材料,发挥良好的协同作用,电化学性能得到了改善。当电流密度为0.5A·g-1时,复合材料的比电容可以达到623F·g-1,远大于石墨烯和聚苯胺单体的比电容。     

CVD 法制备三维石墨烯的电化学储能性能

维石墨烯是由二维石墨烯构成的三维网络结构,多孔的网络结构赋予了三维石墨烯超大的比表面积、超高的机械强度以及优异的电子传输通道. 因其优异的性能,三维石墨烯及其复合材料已经广泛地应用于能源、化学和生物等研究领域. 在三维石墨烯的合成方法中,化学气相沉积法由于制备的三维石墨烯具有高纯度、良好结晶性和优异的机械性能而备受推崇. 本文结合当前研究热点,综述了化学气相沉积法制备三维石墨烯及其复合材料在电化学储能领域（铝电池、锂离子电池、锂-硫电池、钠离子电池、金属-空气电池、超级电容器）中的应用,并简要评述当前化学气相沉积法制备三维石墨烯在应用中所面临的挑战及发展前景.     

电化学法绿色快捷制备石墨烯及其复合材料

石墨烯及其复合材料具有优异的物理和化学性能,在电子、能源、催化、医药以及生物传感等领域应用潜能巨大,因此探究高质量、高产量和规模化的制备方法对石墨烯基复合材料未来的开发和应用至关重要.电化学法是一种有望实现绿色规模化制备石墨烯及其复合材料的方法,本文作者综述了国内外电化学制备石墨烯及其复合材料的主要方法:阳极氧化、阴极还原、电化学还原、离子液体功能化、电沉积、电聚合等,并对其反应原理和主要影响因素进行了详细的分析和介绍,最后对其应用前景进行了深度的展望.     

Current trends in spinel based modified polymer composite materials for electromagnetic shielding

The present article deals with current trends in spinel based modified polymer composite materials for applications in the field of electromagnetic shielding. The interaction between the various spinel based materials and polymers is an emerging field of studies among various researchers. The thermal stability, electrical conductivity, the bonding between the metal ferrites and the polymer plays an important role in the interaction of electromagnetic radiation. These properties also effect the mechanism of the EM waves for the shielding applications. Considering these all properties, polyaniline appears to be an suitable polymer for electromagnetic shielding applications. Polyaniline composites not only reinforced the properties of spinel materials but also enhanced the dielectric properties of the composite material. When carbon based materials such as graphene, graphene oxide and CNT was added along with spinel material in polyaniline based composite, they accelerate the electrical properties and enhances the shielding applications. In this paper the various synthesis methods, fabrication methods of polyaniline, and the properties of polyaniline based composites have been discussed. In addition, the various salient features and futuristic challenges of polyaniline based composite materials for EMI shielding applications were attempted to make a well equipped material for radar absorption.     

Synthesis and electrochemical performance of sandwich-like polyaniline/graphene composite nanosheets

Sandwich-like polyaniline/graphene composite nanosheets have been synthesized by chemical oxidation polymerization of aniline monomer on the surfaces of reduced graphene oxide nanosheets in the absence of any surfactants. The influences of the mass ratios of aniline and reduced graphene oxide on the sizes and morphologies of polyaniline/graphene nanocomposites have been investigated. As the mass ratio of aniline and reduced graphene oxide is smaller than 12:1, polymerization reaction of aniline occurs on the surfaces of reduced graphene oxide by heterogeneous nucleation to form sandwich-like polyaniline/graphene composite nanosheets. However, besides sandwich-like polyaniline/graphene composite nanosheets, polyaniline nanofibers are formed by homogeneous nucleation. In comparison with reduced graphene oxide and polyaniline nanofibers, the obtained sandwich-like polyaniline/graphene composite nanosheets exhibit good electrochemical performances due to the synergistic effect between graphene and polyaniline.     

碳纳米管/聚苯胺复合材料的制备及应用研究进展

碳纳米管/聚苯胺复合材料因其独特的电磁学、热力学和机械性能,在很多领域具有潜在应用价值.本文作者对近年来该复合材料的制备方法、性能及应用方面的研究进展进行了综述.     

Polyaniline/Silver Nanoparticle-Doped Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube Composites

A simple method was used to synthesize the hybrid nanocomposites consisting of the functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotube composites (MWCNTs) with the polyaniline incorporated silver nanoparticles (a-MWCNT/PANI-Ag) through an emulsion polymerization at room temperature in order to enhance the electrical conductivity of polyaniline. The electrical conductivity of the composite with the incorporated Ag nanoparticles was 5% higher than the same weight percent for the composite without Ag nanoparticles, and the thermal stability was dramatically increased from 54% for the composite (a-MWCNT/PANI) to 69% through the incorporation of the Ag nanoparticles at 830°C. Additionally, the advantages of the Ag nanoparticles, including the improved electrical and thermal properties without damage to the polyaniline structure, were confirmed using FTIR and Raman spectroscopy.     

聚苯胺/金属纳米粒子复合物的制备及性能

基于国内外最新研究文献及本课题组研究工作,从发展历史、制备方法、多功能性方面系统综述了近年来发展起来的聚苯胺/金属纳米粒子复合物。在聚苯胺基体中引入金属纳米粒子的方法可归纳为3大类：原位复合法、直接共混法和层层自组装法。所形成的有机聚苯胺和无机金属杂化复合物不仅能保留各自原有的特异性能,而且二组分之间还存在着相互协同作用,能够极大地提升基体聚苯胺材料的性能,电导率最高可提高100倍,电氧化催化电流最高可提高10倍。分散在聚苯胺膜中的极少量铂微粒就能使不锈钢板的腐蚀电位稳定在钝化区域。聚苯胺/金属纳米粒子复合物所表现出的突出的固有电导性、优异的反应催化性和极强的金属防腐性,使其跻身于为数不多的新型高性能复合材料之列,显示出了诱人的应用前景。     

Synthesis of stable aqueous dispersion of graphene/polyaniline composite mediated by polystyrene sulfonic acid

A facile method of producing stable aqueous dispersion of graphene/polyaniline (PANI) composite is described, which involves the in situ polymerization of aniline on the surface of graphene with the aid of polystyrene sulfonic acid (PSS). The prepared aqueous graphene/PANI composite dispersion was very stable and no aggregation or precipitation was observed for several weeks. The excellent aqueous dispersibility and stability of the graphene/PANI composite is attributed to the cooperative interactions of π stacking interaction between PSS, PANI, and the graphene basal planes, and the electrostatic repulsions between negatively charged PSS bound on graphene/PANI composite. Fourier transform‐infrared spectrometry (FTIR), ultraviolet‐visible spectra (UV–vis), and Raman spectra confirmed the interaction of PANI and graphene in the composite, which effectively delocalize the electrons. In addition, the composite showed three orders of magnitude of conductivity increase compared with pure PANI. This new approach is simple, fast, and straightforward, representing a significant improvement in the processing of graphene/PANI composites. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2012     

聚苯胺/纳米金复合材料

由于聚苯胺/纳米金复合材料不仅同时具有纳米金和聚苯胺原有的特异性能,而且两组分之间还存在着相互协同作用,极大地提升了聚苯胺基体的性能,从而表现出突出的固有电导性、优异的反应催化性和特殊的电荷传递性,因此成为近年来的研究热点。本文综述了聚苯胺/纳米金复合材料的最新研究进展：归纳了聚苯胺/纳米金复合材料的制备方法和各种方法的机理,简单介绍了复合材料在生物医学、传感器和微电子装置等方面的应用,展望了今后复合材料研究的方向。     

Synthesis of polyaniline/graphene composite and its application in zinc-rechargeable batteries

Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry - Polyaniline, polyaniline/graphene composites were synthesized by a novel in situ chemical oxidative polymerization method including two oxidants. The...