CVD法制备单壁碳纳米管的纯化与表征

针对CVD法合成的单壁碳纳米管的特点提出了较为有效的纯化方法，并对纯化后碳管的存在形式进行了表征.结果表明,CVD法制备的单壁碳纳米管中所含的载体和催化剂绝大部分可以通过盐酸除去.在表面活性剂溶液中超声分散碳纳米管,可以使管与无定形碳及石墨状碎片进行有效的剥离.空气加热氧化法和稀硝酸回流法可有效地去除碳杂质,稀硝酸回流可以在纯化的同时对管的末端及侧壁进行功能化.     

破碎-絮凝法分离细长碳纳米管与碳纤维

根据碳纤维与细长碳纳米管耐磨性能与絮凝沉降性能的差异，提出了一种有效分离细长碳纳米管与碳纤维的物理方法——破碎-絮凝法.该方法包括研磨破碎、液相分散、絮凝沉降、过滤分离等步骤，可高效去除混杂于细长碳纳米管样品中的碳纤维，同时还可去除螺旋状碳纤维及细小碳颗粒等易悬浮杂质.纯化过程对细长碳纳米管无损伤.用电子显微镜和热重分析表征了纯化效果，并初步分析了纯化机理.     

碳纳米管/聚合物复合材料

本文简要介绍了碳纳米管的纯化和表面改性方法，着重对碳纳米管/聚合物复合材料的制备方法、微观结构表征及其力学、电学、光学等性能的研究进行了综述；简述了此类复合材料在电学、电磁屏蔽材料及吸波隐身材料、纤维材料以及航天工业等领域的应用，探讨了该研究领域所面临的一些问题及今后的发展方向。     

湿法纯化碳纳米管阵列及其对碳纳米管阵列形貌的影响

采用酸溶液处理方法对垂直于衬底生长的碳纳米管阵列的纯化进行了研究. 利用扫描电子显微镜、X射线光电子能谱等手段对纯化前后的碳纳米管阵列的结构、形貌及化学组成进行表征. 实验结果表明, 通过控制条件, 酸溶液处理方法能够在有效地去除催化剂粒子等杂质的同时又保持阵列的相对完整性. 纯化后的碳纳米管阵列会促进其在电子学领域的进一步应用.     

高温退火一步非破坏性纯化碳纳米管

针对催化化学气相法合成的碳纳米管含有金属、金属氧化物和碳杂质, 且缺陷较多进行了非破坏性纯化研究. 基于碳纳米管与碳杂质间结构、性质的微小差异, 1800 ℃使粗制的碳纳米管高温退火3 h, 为避免碳纳米管氧化, 高温退火过程在氩气气氛中完成. 运用扫描电镜、透射电镜观察碳纳米管的形貌和结构, 发现高温退火后, 碳纳米管的端帽大部分被打开. 能谱检测显示, 粗制的碳纳米管中的杂质(Al, Si, Ni, Cu 质量分数w分别为4.67%, 0.27%, 40.12%和1.34%)退火后被除去. 拉曼分析表明, 退火前后石墨D, G峰面积S_D, S_G分别从1314900降至474921, 767157降至566292, 退火不仅有效地去除了样品中的碳杂质, 而且使碳纳米管的缺陷得到一定程度的修复, 石墨化度随之大大提高. 研究提出了一种简单的、非破坏性的、便于规模化的纯化方法.     

碳纳米管的色谱纯化法

目前碳纳米管的纯化方法很多,有物理法,化学法和物理化学综合法等,然而这些方法仍不能得到高纯度的碳纳米管。色谱法分离纯化碳纳米管已成为近年来研究的热点,该法不仅能高效分离得到高纯度的碳纳米管,而且还能达到长短分离,具有重要的学术和实际意义。已报道的色谱法纯化碳纳米管主要有空间排阻色谱法以及毛细管电泳法,本文对上述色谱法纯化碳纳米管做了详细介绍。     

碳纳米管修饰电极在分析化学中的应用

综述了碳纳米管所特有的物理和化学性质,碳纳米管的制备、纯化和修饰,重点介绍了碳纳米管修饰电极及其在分析化学中的一些研究成果.引用文献73篇.     

液相化学腐蚀法用于碳纳米管的纯化及顶端开口研究

液相化学腐蚀法用于碳纳米管的纯化及顶端开口研究余荣清，程大典，詹梦熊，王育煌，郑兰荪（厦门大学化学系３６１００５）碳纳米管作为纳米材料家族中一个新的成员，其潜在的重大应用前景引起了广泛重视。人们在合成制备及理论研究等方面进行了许多有益的探索［１～３］...     

碳纳米管透明导电薄膜的可控制备

碳纳米管具有优秀的导电性能、 透光性能和十分突出的柔性, 在柔性透明导电薄膜中有着良好的应用前景. 如何制备同时拥有良好导电性能和透光性能的碳纳米管薄膜是这一领域研究的核心问题. 本综述介绍了碳纳米管薄膜的制备方法, 并重点讨论了基于漂浮催化剂化学气相沉积法的碳纳米管薄膜的可控制备. 在生长过程中限制碳纳米管的团聚、 增加碳纳米管的长度、 降低杂质的含量是提高碳纳米管薄膜性能的主要策略.     

单壁碳纳米管的手性测量

单壁碳纳米管的制备方法主要包括物理法和化学法两种,不同制备方法的产物中包含很多种不同手性指数的单壁碳纳米管及杂质,而不同手性的单壁碳纳米管其作用完全不同,从而有不同的应用。采用化学方法——钴钼催化剂气相沉积法和物理方法——激光烧蚀气相沉积法制备单壁碳纳米管,用紫外–可见–近红外吸收光谱、荧光光谱及拉曼光谱法分别对其进行手性测量。结果表明,钴钼催化剂气相沉积法制得样品富含半导体型单壁碳纳米管,而激光烧蚀气相沉积法制得样品中主要为金属型单壁碳纳米管。分别得到了两种制备方法样品的手性分布。     

Sulfidative purification of carbon nanotubes integrated in transistors

We demonstrate a simple purification method of carbon nanotubes via sulfidation reaction of carbon, C + 2S --> CS2, to selectively remove carbonaceous impurities from nanotubes. The sulfidative purification of carbon nanotubes integrated in field-effect transistors results in a dramatic improvement of switching characteristics due to removal of carbonaceous impurities.     

单壁纳米碳管的纯化及表征

利用微孔膜及空气氧化法逐步除去电弧放电法制备的单壁纳米碳管(SWCNTs)中的金属催化剂粒子、碳纳米粒子、无定形碳等杂质,并利用热重分析（TGA）、高分辨透射电子显微镜（HRTEM）及拉曼（Raman）光谱,对每一步得到的产物进行分析表征.实验证明,该方法对单壁纳米碳管的纯化是比较有效的,可以得到纯度在90％以上的单壁纳米碳管.     

Production of High Purity Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes from Catalytic Decomposition of Methane

Acid-based purification process of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) produced via catalytic decomposition of methane with NiO/TiO2 as a catalyst is described. By combining the oxidation in air and the acid refluxes, the impurities, such as amorphous carbon, carbon nanoparticles, and the NiO/TiO2 catalyst, are eliminated. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images confirm the removal of the impurities. The percentage of the carbon nanotubes purity was analyzed using thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). Using this process, 99.9 wt% purity of MWNTs was obtained.     

A comparative study of single-walled carbon nanotube purification techniques using Raman spectroscopy

Raman spectroscopy has been utilized to show the increase of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) content in commercial grade samples synthesized by the chemical vapour deposition (CVD) technique with a minimization of impurities using both hydrochloric acid treatment and surfactant purification. Surfactant purification methods proved to be the most effective, resulting in a three-fold increase in the percentage of SWCNTs present in the purified product as determined by Raman spectroscopy.     

Wet Purification of Aligned Carbon Nanotube Arrays and Its Impact on the Morphology of the Carbon Nanotube Arrays

A simple acid treatment method was applied to remove the catalyst impurities and other residues contaminated in the vertically aligned carbon nanotube arrays. We demonstrated that acid treatment was an efficient approach for aligned carbon nanotube purification. Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used to characterize the morphology of the aligned carbon nanotube arrays and to determine the efficiency of the purification. Using hydrochloric acid could efficiently eliminate catalyst impurities and retain the original structures of the aligned carbon nanotube arrays. The method provided a simple, economical, and effective way to purify the aligned carbon nanotubes, and it would promote the applications of vertically aligned carbon nanotube arrays in electronic field.     

Determination of traces of elemental impurities in single walled (SWNT) and multi walled (MWNT) pristine and purified carbon nanotubes by instrumental neutron activation analysis

By using instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) it has been shown that some pristine carbon SWNT's and MWNT's of different makes, contain a multitude of trace element impurities at various concentration levels including also amounts which can be considered as nanoelectronically dopant quantities. The same holds for the above mentioned carbon nanotubes also after their inadequately so-called purification. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Carbon nanotubes,science and technology part (I) structure,synthesis and characterisation

Since their discovery in 1991 by the Japanese scientist “Sumio Iijima”, carbon nanotubes have been of great interest, both from a fundamental point of view and for future applications. Different types of carbon nanotubes can be produced in various ways. Economically feasible large-scale production and purification techniques are still under development. Carbon nanotubes are discussed in this review in terms of history, types, structure, synthesis and characterisation methods. Carbon nanotubes have attracted the fancy of many scientists worldwide. The unique and unusual properties of these structures make them a unique material with a whole range of promising applications.     

取向碳纳米管制备方法及其应用进展*

碳纳米管有广阔的应用前景,但很多应用是以碳纳米管定向的取向排列为前提.本文全面介绍了制备取向碳纳米管的各种方法和研究进展,综合阐述了各种制备方法的特点,并初步讨论了制备取向生长碳纳米管各种方法的机理.最后,对取向碳纳米管的应用进行了展望,提出了碳纳米管应用的新思路.