人工神经元网络辅助丙烷氨氧化催化剂设计

报道了利用人工神经元网络辅助丙烷氨氧化制丙烯腈催化剂设计的研究进展结果。通过筛选得到了可以拟合该反应体系的神经元网络模型，从而使丙烷转化率和丙烯腈选择性可以表示为催化剂组成的函数利用培训后的神经元网络模型所得到的权值文件结合作者自编的优化程序，该网络可用于预测最优的催化剂组成。     

EFFECT OF CATALYST CONCENTRATION ON CATALYTIC PERFORMANCE IN LIQUID PHASE DIMETHYL ETHER SYNTHESIS FROM SYNGAS

利用ＺＳＭ－５型沸石可将轻烃选择性地转化为苯，甲苯和二甲苯。ＨＺＳＭ－５催化剂上丙烷转化率和芳烃选择性都很低，但在ＨＺＳＭ－５上添加Ｇａ或Ｐｔ－Ｇａ（双金属改性）后丙烷转化率和芳烃选择性都有很大提高。实验结果表明，Ｇａ／ＨＺＳＭ－５催化剂经氢气高温预处理后，其上的Ｂｒｏ．．ｎｓｔｅｄ酸中心数目减少。铂的加入促进了镓物种的还原，而还原的镓物种可以中和相当一部分催化剂表面Ｂｒ．ｎｓｔｅｄ酸中心，然后形成高度不饱和的催化活性中心。这些中心可以作为Ｌｅｗｉｓ中心，从丙烷和反应中间产物中拔除Ｈ－，使丙烷高选择性地生成芳烃     

Mo-V-Te-Nb-O催化剂上丙烷选择氧化制丙烯酸 I．催化剂的制备条件及稳定性

研究了催化剂的制备条件(焙烧方式、焙烧气氛和焙烧温度)对Mo-V-Te-Nb-O上丙烷选择氧化制丙烯酸反应的影响．结果表明，制备条件对催化剂的催化性能具有很大的影响．与敞开式焙烧制得的催化剂相比，封闭式焙烧制得的催化剂具有较高的丙烯酸选择性，但丙烷转化率较低．在空气中焙烧制得的催化剂对丙烯酸无选择性，但在氮气和氩气中焙烧制得的催化剂具有很高的丙烷转化率和丙烯酸选择性．随着焙烧温度的升高，丙烷转化率降低，丙烯酸选择性升高，适宜的焙烧温度为600℃．催化剂制备条件对催化剂的晶相结构也具有重要的影响．在惰性气氛中采用600℃下封闭式焙烧制得的Mo-V-Te-Nb-O催化剂经210h反应后，丙烷转化率保持为19％，而丙烯酸选择性持续升高，由32％升至50％．     

铋钒钼复合氧化物催化剂结构与丙烷选择氧化催化性能

用X射线衍射（XRD）、激光拉曼光谱（LRS）、程序升温还原（TPR）和微型反 应测试等手段研究了Bi-V-Mo-O复合氧化物催化剂组成、结构与丙烷选择性氧化催 化性能。结果表明不同组成的Bi-V-Mo-O复合氧化物催化剂可形成白钨矿型晶体结 构，丙烷选择氧化催化性能与催化剂组成和结构密切相关。Mo组分的引入使催化剂 的丙烷安全氧化催化性能受到抑制，丙烯醛选择性增加且在Mo/（V+Mo）原子比为 0.45时达极大值。Mo含量进一步增加，催化剂的丙烯选择性增加而丙烯醛选择性下 降。LRS和TPR结果表明，不同组成的Bi-V-Mo-O复合氧化物催化剂的丙烷选择氧化 催化性能与催化剂的金属氧物种性质相关联。     

丙烷直接氨氧化制丙烯腈催化剂的研究进展

丙烷直接氨氧化制丙烯腈是一条潜在的具有巨大经济效益的丙烯腈生产路线。本文概述了丙烷直接氨氧化制丙烯腈的催化反应机理，对丙烷直接氨氧化制丙烯腈的催化反应路径进行了归纳，同时对丙烷直接氨氧化制丙烯腈催化剂设计的思想以及日前所开发的几类丙烷直接氨氧化制丙烯腈催化剂体系加以了总结，重点介绍了锑酸盐和钼酸盐催化剂，对锑酸盐和钼酸盐催化剂活性相的结构、影响活性相形成的因素以及催化剂的结构与催化反应性能的关系等问题作了阐述。     

Ni-V-O催化剂上丙烷氧化脱氢制丙烯的反应

考察了Ｎｉ－Ｖ－Ｏ系列催化剂对丙烷氧化脱氢反应的催化性能,结合ＸＲＤ和电导法等表征结果研究了催化剂的物相结构与仙化活性之间的关系。结果表明：同ｎ型半导体氧化物相比,ｐ型半导体具有优良的催化性能,并且丙烯的选择性与催化剂中ＮｉＯ及Ｎｉ３Ｖ２Ｏ８相的共存有关。适当控制反应条件,４５２℃时该系列催化剂可达到１８．６％的丙烷转化率和４９．９％的丙烯选择性。     

钼掺杂LaVO4上丙烷氧化脱氢

研究了钼掺杂LaVO4催化剂的丙烷氧化脱氢催化性能.加入钼对丙烷氧化脱氢反应有很好的助催化作用.当丙烷转化率恒定在10％和20％时，丙烯选择性在LaMo0.1V0.9O4.05上分别达到了56％和43％，而在LaVO4上仅为36％和22％，这归结为钼掺杂催化剂上有利于丙烯生成的可活动氧物种的增加和催化剂氧化还原性的改变.     

铋钒钼复合氧化物催化剂结构与丙烷选择氧化催化性能

用X射线衍射（XRD）、激光拉曼光谱（LRS）、程序升温还原（TPR）和微型反 应测试等手段研究了Bi-V-Mo-O复合氧化物催化剂组成、结构与丙烷选择性氧化催 化性能。结果表明不同组成的Bi-V-Mo-O复合氧化物催化剂可形成白钨矿型晶体结 构,丙烷选择氧化催化性能与催化剂组成和结构密切相关。Mo组分的引入使催化剂 的丙烷安全氧化催化性能受到抑制,丙烯醛选择性增加且在Mo/（V+Mo）原子比为 0.45时达极大值。Mo含量进一步增加,催化剂的丙烯选择性增加而丙烯醛选择性下 降。LRS和TPR结果表明,不同组成的Bi-V-Mo-O复合氧化物催化剂的丙烷选择氧化 催化性能与催化剂的金属氧物种性质相关联。     

丙烷选择氧化用VPO／SiO2催化剂的研究

 摘要：对比研究了VPO和VPO／SiO2催化剂的结构、表面元素氧化态、还\r\n原性及其对丙烷选择氧化反应的催化性能．与VPO催化剂相比，VPO／S\r\niO2催化剂具有较大的比表面积；VPO主要以（VO）2P2O7的形式高度分散于SiO2表面；VPO／SiO2催化剂的还原温度较低；VPO／SiO2催化剂与丙烷的相互作用较强；在反应条件下，VPO／SiO2催化剂的活性较高，但产物丙烯的选择性较低，并有丙烯醛等C3含氧化合物生成．这可能是由于VPO／SiO2催化剂表面的V与Si发生了相互作用之故．随着VPO担载量的增加，VPO／SiO2催化剂的比表面积减小；催化剂的还原温度略有升高，可还原的晶格氧量增加；催化剂表面与丙烷的相互作用增强；丙烷转化率升高而丙烯选择性降低，丙烯醛选择性在5％VPO／SiO2催化剂上最高．这可能是由于随着VPO担载量的增加，催化剂表面晶格氧的密度增大所致．     

丙烷选择氧化用BiCeVMoO复合氧化物催化剂中Ce组分的作用

 用X射线衍射（XRD）、激光拉曼光谱（LRS）、程序升温还原（TPR）、催化剂晶格氧反应性和微反测试等手段考察了BiCeVMoO复合氧化物催化剂的组成、结构、氧化－还原性质与催化丙烷选择氧化性能．结果表明，n（Ce）／n（Ce＋Bi）≤0．15时，Ce组分可能占据BiVMoO 结构中Bi离子所处的晶格位置．催化剂对丙烷选择氧化的催化性能与Ce组分的含量密切相关，随着Ce含量的增加，丙烯醛选择性显著升高，在n（Ce）／n（Ce＋Bi）＝0．15时达极大值．随着Ce含量的进一步增加，丙烯醛选择性下降，完全氧化产物COx选择性上升．可以认为，适量Ce组分的引入提高了催化剂晶格氧物种的反应活性，从而改善了催化剂对丙烷选择氧化的催化性能．     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Cu0-catalysed 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of α-amino acid derived N,N-cyclic azomethine imines to ynones

A series of 20 CuAIAC reactions between eight 4-acylamino substituted pyrazolidine-3-one-1-azomethine imines and four terminal ynones were performed using Cu⁰ as catalyst. The corresponding fluorescent cycloadducts were obtained in very high yields upon simple workup. Thus, Cu-metal turned out to be a better catalyst than Cu^I in terms of yield and ease of isolation. Availability of azomethine imines, mild reaction conditions, and simple workup enable a “click” access to libraries of densely substituted 2,3-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyrazol-1-ones. Reactivity of differently substituted dipoles was evaluated experimentally and by quantum chemical methods (DFT).     

Synthesis and antioxidative/anti-inflammatory activity of novel fullerene–polyamine conjugates

(E)-4-(Fullerenopyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid and its corresponding succinimidyl ester, readily obtained through Prato-type modification of C₆₀, were used for the selective N-acylation of polyamines. The thus obtained conjugates were evaluated for their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity and their cytotoxicity was determined. Members of this family of compounds showed interesting anti-lipid peroxidation, anti-lipoxygenase and anti-inflammatory activity and comparable cytocompatibility to spermidine.