固-液萃取法研究1-苯基-3-甲基-4-苯甲酰基吡唑酮-[5]对钍、钪的萃取及钪的分析应用

本文以固体石蜡为溶剂,1-苯基-3-甲基-4-苯甲酰基吡唑酮-[5](HPMBP)为萃取剂,研究了钍、钪的萃取及反萃取条件。斜率比法示明石蜡中配合物组成分别为Th(PMBP)_4,Sc(PMBP)_3,人工合成钢铁样品的分析结果Sc~(3+)的回收率分别为99.6％和100％。     

1-苯基-3-甲基-4-苯甲酰基-吡唑酮-5与中性磷(膦)萃取剂协同萃取镧(Ⅲ)

研究了1-苯基-3-甲基- 4-苯甲酰基-吡唑酮-5(HPMBP)和中性有机磷(膦)类萃取剂Cyanex 471X(TIBPS,B)在硝酸介质中对稀土元素La（Ⅲ）的萃取,用斜率法和恒摩尔法探讨了萃取机理,确定了萃合物的组成为La(NO3)2·PMBP·B,计算了萃取平衡常数.比较了HPMBP与Cyanex 471X、Cyanex 921、Cyanex 923、Cyanex 925、DEH/EHP、P350及TBP的单独及混合体系萃取La（Ⅲ）的性能,结果表明所有混合体系对La（Ⅲ）均有协同效应,其中HPMBP与Cyanex 923、Cyanex 921、Cyanex 925的混合体系是萃取La（Ⅲ）的有效体系.     

1-苯基-3-甲基-4-苯甲酰基-吡唑酮-5与中性磷(膦)萃取剂协同萃取镧B

研究了 1 苯基 3 甲基 4 苯甲酰基 -吡唑酮 5 (HPMBP)和中性有机磷 (膦 )类萃取剂Cyanex 4 71X(TIBPS ,B)在硝酸介质中对稀土元素La 的萃取 ,用斜率法和恒摩尔法探讨了萃取机理 ,确定了萃合物的组成为La(NO3 ) 2 ·PMBP·B ,计算了萃取平衡常数。比较了HPMBP与Cyanex 4 71X、Cyanex 92 1、Cyanex 92 3、Cyanex 92 5、DEH/EHP、P35 0及TBP的单独及混合体系萃取La 的性能 ,结果表明 :所有混合体系对La 均有协同效应 ,其中HPMBP与Cyanex 92 3、Cyanex 92 1、Cyanex 92 5的混合体系是萃取La 的有效体系。     

铽与1-苯基-3-甲基-4-酰代吡唑啉-5-酮的三元配合物的合成、表征与荧光性能

合成了铽与1-苯基-3-甲基-4-异丁酰基吡唑啉-5-酮(HPMIBP)、1-苯基-3-甲基-4-苯甲酰基吡唑啉-5-酮(HPMBP)的四个三元配合物Tb(PMIBP)3.2H2O(A1), Tb(PMIBP)3.bpy(A2), Tb(PMBP)3.2H2O(B1)和Tb(PMBP)3.bpy(B2)(bpy=2, 2'-联吡啶)。用元素分析确定了它们的组成, 并用紫外-可见光谱、红外光谱、差热-热重谱对其进行了表征。研究了它们在固态和溶液中的荧光光谱, 并用频域法测定了它们在溶液中的荧光寿命, 结果表明A1和A2的荧光强度比相应的B1和B2强三个数量级, A2与A1或B2与B1相比, 荧光强度也有一定程度的增强,并且不同溶剂对其荧光强度和荧光寿命都有较大的影响。     

铽与1-苯基-3-甲基-4-酰代吡唑啉-5-酮的三元配合物的合成、表征与荧光性能

合成了铽与1-苯基-3-甲基-4-异丁酰基吡唑啉-5-酮(HPMIBP)、1-苯基-3-甲基-4-苯甲酰基吡唑啉-5-酮(HPMBP)的四个三元配合物Tb(PMIBP)3.2H2O(A1), Tb(PMIBP)3.bpy(A2), Tb(PMBP)3.2H2O(B1)和Tb(PMBP)3.bpy(B2)(bpy=2, 2'-联吡啶)。用元素分析确定了它们的组成, 并用紫外-可见光谱、红外光谱、差热-热重谱对其进行了表征。研究了它们在固态和溶液中的荧光光谱, 并用频域法测定了它们在溶液中的荧光寿命, 结果表明A1和A2的荧光强度比相应的B1和B2强三个数量级, A2与A1或B2与B1相比, 荧光强度也有一定程度的增强,并且不同溶剂对其荧光强度和荧光寿命都有较大的影响。     

1-苯基-3-甲基-4-苯甲酰基-吡唑啉酮-5与8-羟基喹啉协同萃取钐

研究了双溶剂萃取体系1-苯基-3-甲基-4-苯甲酰基-吡唑啉酮-5(HPMBP)与8-羟基喹啉(HQ)对稀土元素钐Sm~(3+)的萃取行为,考查了萃取剂的摩尔比、水相pH值、温度等因素对钐分配比的影响。研究结果表明:双溶剂萃取体系HPMBP/HQ对Sm~(3+)具有显著的正协同效应,当HPMBP与HQ的摩尔比为7∶3时,协同增长因子最大,达到10.83。热力学研究结果表明HPMBP/HQ体系对Sm~(3+)的萃取为放热反应。研究结果为进一步探找高效、高选择性的稀土萃取分离体系提供理论依据。     

铀的三元协萃规律研究-HTTA-HPMBA-(C8H5)4AsCl三元协萃高氯酸铀酰的机理

本文研究α-噻吩甲酰三氟丙酮(HTTA),1-苯基-3-甲基-4-苯甲酰基-5吡唑啉酮(HPMBP)与四苯基砷氯(C5H5)4AsCl的氯仿溶液从高氯酸中萃取U(VI).该体系属螯合,离子缔合AAC类,测定了其二元及三元协同萃取体系平衡常数.用亚甲基蓝光度法测定了萃合物中ClO4^-的存在,用斜率法确定二元协萃物组成为(C6H5)4As^+[UO2(ClO4)(TTA)2]^-和C6H5)4As^+[UO2(ClO4)(PMBP)2]^-三元协萃配合物为(C6H5)4As^+[UO2(ClO4)(TTA)(PMBP)]^-.     

1-苯基-3-甲基-4-苯甲酰基吡唑酮-5稀土络合物的合成与表征

本文通过组成和物相分析证明按Roy和Okarfor的方法所合成的不是RE(PMBP)₃而是RE(PMBP)₃·HPMBP络合物。我们提出一种合成RE(PMBP)₃络合物的新方法,井用此法合成了45种稀土与HPMBP的固体络合物,对它们进行了组成分析,红外光谱和核磁共振谱等研究,其中有30种为新化合物。     

Hg(PMBP)2(HPMBP)2和Zn(PMBP)(H2O)Cl配合物的合成及结构

用1-苯基-3-甲基-4-苯甲酰基吡唑啉酮-5(HPMBP)与HgCl₂和ZnCl₂·6H₂O作用,分别合成化学式为[Hg(PMBP)₂(HPMBP)₂]和[Zn(PMBP)(H₂O)Cl]的配合物;用元素分析、IR、¹HNMR和电导等物理化学方法推测了配合物的分子结构式。配体在此螯合过程中皆由酮式转变为烯醇式,在Hg(Ⅱ)配合物中部分不变。     

1-苯基-3-甲基-4-苯甲酰基-吡唑啉酮-5(HPMBP)的金属离子配合物的结构研究——Ⅰ.HPMBP及其配合物Cu(PMBP)_2的晶体结构

本文研究了Cu(PMBP)_2和HPMBP的单晶体结构,晶体学参数为:(1)HPMBP,C_(17)H_(14)0_2N_2,M=278.31,单斜晶系,空间群P2_1/a,a=11.406(5),b=9.087(1),c=13.467(3)(?),β=90.76(3)°,V=1395.7(?)~3,Z=4,D_c=1.324g cm~(-3),μ=0.95cm~(-1).(2)Cu(PMBP)_2,C_(34)H_(26)O_4N_4Cu,M=618.16,单斜晶系,空间群P_2_1/c,a=6.809(3),b=23.722(8),c=9.102(3)(?),β=108.94(4)°,V=1390.7(?)~3,Z=2,D_c=1.476g cm~(-3) μ=8.67cm~(-1).结果表明,HPMBP具有烯醇式结构,其中两个给体氧原子处于有利于形成六元螯合环的几何位置;在配合物Cu(PMBP)_2中,Cu原子为对称中心,两个配体中的四个氧原子形成以Cu为中心的近似平面正方形的配位结构,Cu-O距离分别为1.906和1.896(?).     

硅烷化活性炭的吸附性质

本工作测定了25℃和35℃时硅烷化活性炭自水溶液中吸附苯甲酸和苯甲醛的等温线;计算了吸附过程的ΔGⅲ,ΔHⅲ和ΔSⅲ;用Hill-deBoer方程处理了实验结果。所得结果表明:(1)随硅烷化时间延长,苯甲酸和苯甲醛的吸附量(mol.m^-^2)明显增加;-ΔGⅲ和-ΔHⅲ略有升高,ΔSⅲ为正值;(2)吸附分子之间的相互作用很弱,吸附分子与活性炭表面间的作用随硅烷化程度增加而加大;(3)芳香化合物可能是以苯环吸附在炭表面上的。     

A macrocyclic ligand able to bind gallium(III) by preorganized pendant arms; coordination and kinetic studies

The equilibria and kinetics of the binding of gallium(III) to 4-(N),10-(N)-bis[2-(3-hydroxo-2-oxo-2-H-pyridine-1-y1)acetamido]-1,7-dimethyl-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane (L) were investigated in acidic medium at ionic strength 1 M (NaClO4). Spectrophotometric titrations in the UV region revealed that L is able to bind Ga3+ also at high H+ concentration. The kinetic (stopped-flow) experiments are interpreted on the basis of three parallel reaction paths (i) M3+ + H2L2+ = M(H2L)5+ where M(H2L)5+ is in a steady state, (ii) M(OH)2+ + H2L2+ = M(HL)4+ + H2O and (iii) M(OH)2+ + HL+ = ML3+ + H2O. The first-order rate constants for conversion of the outer-sphere into the inner-sphere complexes are similar to those of the Ga(III)/tropolone system which is known to react according to the dissociative Id mechanism and to the relevant rate constants for water exchange at the metal ion. The effects of pH on the UV-Vis absorption, fluorescence emission properties and NMR spectral features on the Ga(III)/L system were also investigated. Spectrophotometric titrations in the UV region reveal that, in acid medium the prevailing species is M(HL)4+ whereas the chelate ML3+ prevails for [H+] < 0.01 M. The results indicate metal coordination at the oxygen atoms of the 3-hydroxo-2-oxopyridine residues.     

Co(II)Schiff碱配合物的合成、氧合反应热力学及热分解动力学的研究

合成了两种新的钴(II)schiff碱配合物水杨醛L-甲硫氨酸-水合钴(II)(1), 邻香兰素L-甲硫氨酸-水合钴(II)(2)。通过元素分析、红外光谱、热分析等测试手段研究了配合物的性质, 并确定了配合物的组成。用气体吸收装置测定配合物在乙腈溶液中不同温度下的饱和吸氧量, 求得氧合反应的平衡常数及热力学参数, 同时探讨了温度和配体结构对配合物氧合性能的影响。用TG-DTG法研究了配合物的热稳定性及非等温热分解动力学, 并采用积分法和微分法相结合的方法,推断了两种配合物的第一步热分解反应机理, 得到了热分解反应动力学参数及其动力学方程。     

光度法测定铋(III)与N-苯基硫脲配合反应的热力学参数

The stability constants of complexes of N-phenylthiourea with bismuth (III) in 1M perchloric acid have been studied spectrophotemetrically by the method of corresponding solutions. The enthalpy change ΔH5^0 is obtained from the temperature coefficient data. The Gibbs free energy changes ΔG5^0 and the entropy changes ΔS5^0 are calculated from known formulas respectively. The experimental results are discussed. The successive accumulative stability constants and thermodynamic parameters ΔH5^0, ΔG5^0, ΔS5^0 are listed in Table 6 of the Chinese Text.     

Separation of trace amounts of Ga and Ge in aqueous solution using nano-particles micro-column

A simple and rapid analytical method for the separation of trace amounts of gallium and germanium from aqueous solution by solid-phase extraction with nano-particles was developed. It was found that only Ga(III) could be quantitatively retained on nano-SiO₂ in the pH range of 3-4 and 8-12 while Ge(IV) was not adsorbed, but both Ga(III) and Ge(IV) ions could be adsorbed quantitatively on nano-TiO₂ within the pH range of 4-11. These two ions adsorbed by nano-particles could be desorbed quantitatively. Effects of acidity, concentration of elution solution and interfering ions on the recovery of the analytes were systematically investigated. The sorption data could be well interpreted by the Langmuir model. Based on the Langmuir model equation, the monolayer adsorption capacity of nano-SiO₂/nano-TiO₂ was calculated to be 4.26 mg g⁻¹/19.68 mg g⁻¹ for Ga(III)/Ge(IV). Moreover, thermodynamic functions, the change of free energy (ΔG⁰), enthalpy (ΔH⁰) and entropy (ΔS⁰) of the adsorption reaction were estimated for each metal ion. Experimental data were also evaluated in terms of kinetic characteristics of adsorption and the adsorption process for both metal ions followed well pseudo-second-order kinetics. Finally, the proposed method was applied to the determination of trace Ga(III) and Ge(IV) in some water samples using loaded nano-particles columns, and it is found that the recoveries of Ga(III) and Ge(IV) were obtained to be in the range of 96.4-105.0%. And the method was validated with certified reference material (GBW07311, GBW 07406) and the values obtained for Ga(III) and Ge(IV) were in good agreement with the certified values.     

Novel surface molecularly imprinted material modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes as solid-phase extraction sorbent for selective extraction gallium ion from fly ash

A new gallium (Ga(III)) ion-imprinted multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) composite sorbent was synthesized by a surface imprinting technique. The Ga(III) ion-imprinted/multi-walled carbon nanotubes (Ga(III)-imprinted/CNTs) sorbent was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen adsorption experiment, static adsorption experiment, and solid-phase extraction (SPE) experiment. The effects of sample volume, sample pH, washing and elution conditions on the extraction of Ga(III) ion from real sample were studied in detail. The imprinted sorbent offered a fast kinetics for the adsorption of Ga(III). The maximum static adsorption capacity of the imprinted sorbent towards was 58.8 μmol g⁻¹. The largest selectivity coefficient for Ga(III) in the presence of Al(III) was over 57.3. Compared with non-imprinted sorbent, the imprinted sorbent showed good imprinting effect for Ga(III) ion, the imprinting factor (α) was 2.6, the selectivity factor (β) was 2.4 and 2.9 for Al(III) and Zn(II), respectively. The developed imprinted SPE method was applied successfully to the detection of trace Ga(III) ion in fly ash samples with satisfactory results.     

1, 2-二硒方酸气相酸性和芳香性的理论研究

在RHF/6-311G^*^*水平优化得到1,2-二硒方酸(3,4-二羟基-3-环丁烯-1,2-二硒酮)三种平面构象异构体的平衡几何构型。进一步用MP2(full)/6-311G^*//RHF/6-311G^*^*方法计算三种异构体的单点能量,发现ZZ型异构体是能量最低构象,且ZZ和ZE型能量非常接近。用优化的最稳定构象ZZ型异构体在RHF/6-311G^*^*//RHF/6-311G^*^*,RHF/6-311+G^*^*//RHF/6-311+G^*^*,MP2(full)/6-311+G^*^*//RHF/6-311+G^*^*和B3LYP/6-311+G^*^*//B3LYP/6-311+G^*^*水平计算其气相酸性[ΔGⅲ~(~2~9~8~K~)]和同键反应芳香性稳定化能(HASE)。用基团加和法(groupincrementapproach)在RHF/6-311+G^*^*//RHF/6-311+G^*^*和B3LYP/6-311+G^*^*//B3LYP/6-311+G^*^*水平计算其磁化率增量(Λ)。计算结果指出标题化合物的键长发生了平均化,同键反应芳香性稳定化能和磁化率增量均为负值,表明它具有芳香性,实现了标题化合物芳香性的几何、能量和磁性的判定。     

夹心杂多化合物的合成及晶体结构

PW~9O~3~4^9^-(简写PW~9)阴离子可以与Sn^4^+反应生成[Sn~3^I^V(PW~9O~3~4)~2]^6^-杂多化合物。标题化合物经元素分析、红外、极谱、^3^1P和^1^8^3W核磁共振谱、X射线光电子能谱及X射线单晶测定了结构。K~5O~4Na~4H~5[Sn~3(PW~9O~3~4)~2].16H~2O的单晶是单斜晶系,空间群P2~1/n,晶胞参数a=1.3625(3)nm,b=2.3625(5)nm,c=2.9306(6)nm,α=90ⅲ,β=99.67(3)ⅲ,γ=90ⅲ,V=9.299nm^3,Z=4。它是一种三个Sn^4^+在两个PW~9单元间的夹心结构。     

稀散金属化合物水溶液热力学研究 1: HCL+GaCl3+H2O体系

在HCl+GaCl3+H2O体系中,恒定五个总离子强度I=0.4,0.6,0.8,1.0,1.5mol/kg,控制混合电解质中氯化镓离子强度分数YB=0.0,0.1,0.3,0.5,0.7,并在278.15～318.15K范围内测定了五个温度的无液接电池：Pt|H2(101.325kPa)|HCl(mA),GaCl3(mB),H2O|AgCl|Ag的电动势。根据150个实验点的电动势数据,确定了HCl的活系数及其随氯化镓浓度变化规律,结果发现HCl活度系数遵守Harned规则。同时本文在Pitzer电解质溶液理论基础上提出一个确定氯化镓的pitzer参数和活度系数的方法,指出了氯化镓在这个混合电解质溶液中遵守扩展的Harned规则。     

Effect of alkyl substitueras in hydrophobic 8-quinolinol on the extraction of gallium(III) and applications to the separation of gallium(III) from aluminum(III)

The extraction of gallium(III) with newly prepared 5-alkyloxymethyl-8-quinolinol derivatives with alkyl substituent at the 2-position in 8-quinolinol moiety has been studied. The Ga(III)-5-octyloxymethyl-8-quinolinol (HO(8)Q), Ga(III)-2-methyl-5-octyloxymethyl-8-quinolinol (HMO(8)Q), Ga(III)-2-methyl-5-hexyloxymethyl-8-quinolinol (HM-O(6)Q), and Ga(HI)-2-n-butyl-5-hexyloxymethyl-8-quinolinol (HNBO(6)Q) complexes extracted in heptane from a perchloric acid medium were Ga(O(8)Q)(3), Ga(OH)(H(2)O)(MO(8)Q)(2), Ga(OH)(H(2)O)(MO(6)Q)(2) and Ga(OH)H(2)O)(NBO(6)Q)(2), respectively. The 2-tert-butyl-5-hexyloxymethyl-8-quinolinol did not exhibit any reactivity toward gallium(III). The extraction constants for Ga(O(8)Q)(3) (K(ex) = [Ga(O(8)Q)(3)](org) [H(+)](3)/[Ga(3+)][HO(8)Q](org)(3)), Ga(OH)(H(2)O)(MO(8)Q)(2) (K(ex) = [Ga(OH) (H(2)O)(MO(8)Q)(2)](org) [H(+)](3)/[Ga(3+)][HMO(8)Q](org)(2)), Ga(OH)(H(2)O)(2)(MO(6)Q)(2) and Ga(OH)(H(2)O)(NBO(6)Q)(2), which were extracted in heptane from an acidic solution, are 10(3.21 +/- 0.12), 10(-4.24 +/- 0.16), 10(-3.84 +/- 0.16) and 10(-4.07 +/- 0.07), respectively at I = 0.1 M and 25 degrees C. HNBO(6)Q exhibited very high selectivity toward gallium(III) in the presence of aluminum(III). Even in the presence of a 100 fold excess of aluminum(III) to gallium(III) (1.43 x 10(-5) M), gallium(III) was completely extracted and the distribution ratio of aluminum(III) was found to be less than 2.0 x 10(-3).