漫反射FT-IR法测定阿奇霉素片剂中阿奇霉素的含量

采用红外温反射定量分析技术，测定了阿奇霉素片剂中阿奇霉素的含量。在红外光谱中，吸光度与阿奇霉素的浓度成良好的线性关系，平均回回收率为99.2%,RSD为1.7%。可用于阿奇霉素片剂中阿奇霉素的含量测定。     

高效液相色谱法测定硫酸沙丁胺醇

利用高效液相色谱仪-电子捕获检测器(HPLC-ECD)测定了市售片剂硫酸沙丁胺醇的含量.结果表明,利用HPLC-ECD技术测定硫酸沙丁胺醇的线性范围为0.944~33.8mg·L-1(r=0.999 6);回收率为99.0%~107.8%(RSD≤4.6%).该法可用于测定片剂的硫酸沙丁胺含量.     

近红外光谱法测定尼莫地平片剂尼莫地平含量的4个分析模型所给出的预测值的准确性的比较

用仪器所附的积分球分析模块采集了尼莫地平片剂的片状和将片剂粉碎后的粉末样品的漫反射近红外光谱图。另用所附片剂分析模块采集了尼莫地平片剂的反射和透射近红外光谱图。分别将上述4种近红外光谱(NIRS)图用TQ Analyst 9.0软件建立了4个定量分析的模型(模型1,2,3,4)。另从3个批次各取5个样品,用《中华人民共和国药典(2015版)》中的高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定其中尼莫地平的含量作为对上述4种模型的预测值的外部验证。根据内部验证和交叉验证所得到的4种模型的各项参数及其性能指数,可见模型2为其中的最优模型。将上述15个样品的NIRS图分别引入4种模型,获得其中尼莫地平含量的预测值;经与HPLC测定值比较,可知4种模型的预测值与HPLC测定值之间的相对误差依次为-2.41%～2.68%,-0.81%～1.18%,-5.03%～4.55%和-5.99%～5.56%。其中以模型2的相对误差最小,模型1稍大,模型3和4最大,但较接近。根据t检验法(α=0.05)的结果,4种模型所得的预测值与HPLC测定值之间无显著差异,因而4种模型均可用于尼莫地平的检测。模型2预测值的相对误差较小,但测定时需要样品前处理,使整个分析时间延长,可考虑应用于均匀性较差或形状有差异的样品的测定。其余3个模型预测值的相对误差较大,但不需要对片剂进行前处理,分析时间较短,可根据不同需要选择应用这4种模型。特别是用模型3和模型4可同时获得样品的反射和透射近红外光谱定量的信息,可对测定结果进行对照试验。     

定量核磁共振波谱法测定片剂中吡罗昔康

建立了定量核磁共振波谱法测定片剂中吡罗昔康含量的方法。以咖啡因为内标,选择~1H-NM R的脉冲程序,延迟时间为12 s,采样次数为32次,以吡罗昔康中δ2.969的峰为定量峰,咖啡因中δ4.006的峰为内标定量峰。吡罗昔康与内标咖啡因的质量比在0.25~6.0的范围内具有良好的线性关系,线性相关系数为0.9993。吡罗昔康片的加标回收率为97.7%~101.0%,相对标准偏差为0.42%~1.2%。方法可用于吡罗昔康片剂含量的测定。     

复合维生素片剂中泛酸钙的反相高效液相色谱法测定

用十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂,以V（水）：V（甲醇）：V（H3PO4）=950：50：1为流动相,检测波长为210 nm,采用反相高效液相色谱法分离测定了两种复合维生素片剂中的泛酸钙,实验回收率在99.2%～103.4%之间,相对标准偏差RSD为0.6%～1.0%（n=5）,检出限为41 ng.已用于复合维生素片剂中泛酸钙的测定.     

司帕沙星的毛细管电泳高频电导法测定

采用毛细管电泳高频电导法检测了司帕沙星。探讨了缓冲液的种类、浓度、添加剂以及操作电压和进样时间等因素对分离的影响。选择3.0mmol LHAc-5.0?H5OH(V V)为电泳介质,分离电压20.0kV,在4min内可实现司帕沙星的分离检测。在优化条件下,司帕沙星的线性范围为6 0～280 0μg mL,检出限为1 9μg mL。在该条件下,片剂中的敷料不干扰测定,可成功测定片剂中的司帕沙星,样品回收率为98.7%～101%。     

高锰酸钾-甲醛化学发光体系测定甲氧氯普胺

基于在甲醛的作用下,高锰酸钾对甲氧氯普胺的氧化作用而产生化学发光的现象,建立了一种新的用流动注射-化学发光法测定甲氧氯普胺含量的方法.该方法测定甲氧氯普胺的线性范围为0.2~100 mg/L,检出限为0.1 mg/L.对于8 mg/L的甲氧氯普胺标准溶液连续11次测定的相对偏差为1.2%.该方法可用于对制药废水、片剂和针剂中甲氧氯普胺含量的测定.     

荷移分光光度法测定氨酪酸

研究了氨酪酸(ABA)与2,3-二氯-5,6-二氰-1,4-苯醌的荷移反应.确定在硼砂缓冲溶液中,于50℃水浴中恒温40 min,可获得11的络合物,其λmax=340 nm,表观摩尔吸光率ε=1.37×103L·mol-1·cm-1.用拟定方法测定片剂中氨酪酸的含量与标准方法一致,回收率为98.5%～101.9%,相对标准偏差为1.3%～1.9%.     

基于茜素红的荷移反应光度法测定法莫替丁

采用分光光度法研究了法莫替丁和茜素红的荷移反应,建立了荷移分光光度法测定法莫替丁的方法。在水溶液中,法莫替丁和茜素红形成的络合物的最大吸收波长为525 nm,两者的组成比为1比1。法莫替丁质量浓度在8.0~142.0 mg.L-1范围内符合比耳定律。采用此方法分别测定了法莫替丁片剂和胶囊中法莫替丁含量,所得测定值与标示值相符。用标准加入法作方法的回收和精密度试验,测得回收率为100.8%(片剂)和99.6%(胶囊),测定值的相对标准偏差(n=7)依次为1.01%及0.56%。     

分光光度法测定替米沙坦

用分光光度法研究了替米沙坦与茜素的荷移反应,提出了测定替米沙坦的荷移分光光度法。在丙酮溶剂中,替米沙坦和茜素形成的络合物的最大吸收波长为548nm,两者的组成比为1比2。替米沙坦质量浓度在16～240mg·L-1范围内服从比耳定律,表观摩尔吸光率为2.34×103L.mol-1.cm-1。采用此法分别测定了替米沙坦胶囊和片剂中替米沙坦的含量,所得测定值与文献报道值相符。用标准加入法做方法的精密度和回收试验,测得回收率为99.5%(胶囊)和99.8%(片剂)。     

Quantitative Determination of Fluconazole by Infrared Spectrophotometry

Abstract

The purpose of the study was the quantitative determination of fluconazole by IR spectrophotometry which was realized by the application of the KBr disc technique. In this study dehydrocholic acid was used as internal standard.

The absorption bands at 960 and 675 cm^?1 were chosen for fluconazole and 1705 cm^?1 for dehydrocholic acid. The concentration range between 0.4–1.6% w/w in KBr disc showed compliance with Beer's law.

Besides IR spectroscopy, UV spectroscopy and HPLC methods were also used In the quantitative determinations. In the UV spectroscopy method the absorbance value at 261 nm in MeOH was used for fluconazole. In quantitative determinations which were performed by using HPLC, ketoconazole was the internal standard. Different regression equations were applied for each method in order to complete the quantitative determination. In UV spectroscopy and HPLC methods, relative standards were found as 0.74, 1.04% and in IR spectroscopy (675, 960 cm^?1) relative standards were found as 1.1 and 1.51%, respectively.     

Extractive Spectrophotometric Determination of Fluconazole by Ion-pair Complex Formation with Bromocresol Green

An extraction-spectrophotometric method for the determination of trace amounts of fluconazole was described. Fluconazole was effectively extracted as a 1 ： 1 ion-pair complex with bromocresole green （BCG） at pH 3.0 into chloroform, followed by spectrophotometric determination at 420 nm. Beer＇s law was obeyed over the range of 4-50 μg.mL^-1 of fluconazole with a detection limit of 3.7 μg.mL^-1 . The method is simple, rapid and sensitive. The procedure was applied to the determination of fluconazole in pharmaceutical preparations as well as its recovery from a blood serum sample.     

Thermal characterization of the solid state and raw material fluconazole by thermal analysis and pyrolysis coupled to GC/MS

This article had studied the thermal characterization of the raw material and different fluconazole crystals, obtained through recrystallization with different solvents using thermoanalytical techniques (TG, DTA, DSC-50, DSC Photovisual, DSC-60) and Pyr-GC/MS. The results confirmed that the fluconazole volatilizes without decomposition until 250 °C. Pyr-GC/MS showed hexachlorobenzene like impurities in fluconazole raw material.     

Optimization of the separation of a group of antifungals by capillary zone electrophoresis

Two simple, rapid, and efficient methods for the analysis of seven antifungal compounds have been developed by capillary zone electrophoresis. Resolutions higher than 1.5 were obtained using 0.025 M phosphate buffer (pH 2.30) (analysis time close to 9 min) or 0.2 M formic acid (pH 2.15) (analysis time close to 6 min), with an applied voltage of 20 kV and a temperature of 30 degrees C. The highest sensitivity and selectivity can be obtained using phosphate buffer but the shortest analysis times are achieved in the formic system. The analytical characteristics of the optimized methods were investigated. The reproducibility obtained for migration times (RSD(n = 10) < or = 1.0%) and peak areas (RSD(n = 10) < or = 4.3%) was acceptable, but better reproducibilities were obtained when verapamil was used as internal standard (RSD(n = 10) < 0.4% for relative migration times and RSD(n = 10) < or = 2.2% for peak area ratios). The lowest limit of detection was obtained for clotrimazole (0.12 microg/ml) and the highest for fluconazole and voriconazole (0.90 microg/ml). The lowest and the highest limits of quantitation were, respectively, 0.40 microg/ml for clotrimazole and 3.00 microg/ml for fluconazole and voriconazole.     

The use of a triple quadrupole linear ion trap mass spectrometer with electrospray ionisation for fragmentation studies of selected antifungal drugs

Fragmentation studies of three antifungal drugs, clotrimazole, fluconazole and clioquinol ,were performed. A triple quadrupole linear ion trap mass spectrometer was used for this purpose. This type of equipment enables MS(3) spectra to be obtained which lead to better understanding of fragmentation pathways. Nevertheless, it is rarely used for fragmentation studies. The results obtained here for the antifungal drugs gave further insight into fragmentation pathways of clotrimazole and fluconazole. Moreover, fragmentation of clioquinol was investigated which had not been presented before.     

Synthesis,Crystal Structure and Magnetic Property of a Novel Cu(Ⅱ)-Fluconazole-azide Complex

The title compound formulated as Cu2(C13H11N6OF2)(N3)3CH3OH was synthesized and structurally characterized by elemental analysis,IR and single-crystal X-ray diffraction.In the structure of the complex,the deprotonated fluconazole and azide anion link two copper centers to construct a binuclear SBU and the azide anion exhibits a μ1,1-coordination mode.Each triazole group of fluconazole links two SBUs and the compound exhibits a chain-like architecture with strong antiferromagnetism.     

Fluconazole as an inhibitor for aluminium corrosion in 0.1 M HCl

The interfacial behavior of fluconazole (FLC) between aluminium and hydrochloric acid has been investigated by using weight loss technique at 30–50 °C. The results showed that fluconazole is an excellent corrosion inhibitor for aluminium in acidic medium. Inhibition efficiency increased with increase in the concentrations of fluconazole but decreased with rise in temperature. The adsorption of the inhibitor on the aluminium surface is found to accord with Temkin adsorption isotherm. Some thermodynamic and activation parameters have been calculated and analysed. The mechanism of physical adsorption is proposed from the values of E_a and obtained. The correlation of inhibition effect and molecular structure of fluconazole was then discussed by quantum chemistry study to further provide insight into the mechanism of the inhibitory action.     

Validated HPLC method for the determination of fluconazole in human plasma

A high-performance liquid chromatographic assay with UV detection was developed for the determination of fluconazole in human plasma. The method utilized solid-phase extraction for sample clean-up. The separation was performed on a C18 column by isocratic elution with a mobile phase of 10 mM acetate buffer at pH 5.0 and methanol and UV detection at 210 nm. Validation was performed according to the current recommendations of the USFDA bioanalytical method validation guidance. The method proved to be specific, accurate, precise and linear between 200 and 10,000 ng/mL with correlation coefficients greater than 0.999. The coefficient of variation was within 11% and relative deviation was less than 10%.     

Preformulation compatibility studies of etamsylate and fluconazole drugs with lactose by DSC

Chemical compatibility of two drugs, namely, etamsylate and fluconazole was studied with lactose as excipient, employing differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. The DSC patterns recorded for the mixtures of both the drugs with the common excipient (lactose) indicated that fluconazole as well as etamsylate were incompatible with lactose at high temperatures. X-ray diffraction patterns recorded for pure drugs and lactose and the mixtures of individual drugs with lactose prepared at room temperature by intimate grinding of the components revealed incompatibility of both the drugs with lactose also at room temperature. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

酶催化拆分制备手性2-氯-1-(2,4-二氟苯基)乙醇及 光学活性抗真菌药物的合成

用Pseudomonas stutzeri脂肪酶催化转酯化反应动力学拆分外消旋体法制备高对映体纯的手性2-氯-1-(2,4-二氟苯基)乙醇, 得到95.8% ee值的(R)-异构体和94.5% ee值的(S)-异构体, 以此手性醇为关键中间体合成了4种具有抗真菌活性的光学活性化合物α-氯代苄氧基-β-(1-咪唑基)-2,4-二氟乙苯硝酸盐. 纸片扩散法测试体外抗真菌活性结果表明, 对各种念珠菌(Candida species) (R)-5a和(R)-5b具有与氟康唑相当的抗菌活性, 特别是对氟康唑耐药的烟曲霉菌(Aspergillus fumigatus), 5a, 5b及其两种光学活性异构体均有优异的抗菌活性, 而且(R)-异构体的活性明显高于(S)-异构体和外消旋体.