高能脉冲电沉积ZrO2和ZrO2-Y2O3涂层

研究了在１８－８不锈钢塑料和陶瓷上高能脉冲电沉积ＺｒＯ２和ＺｒＯ２－Ｙ２Ｏ３涂层的基本规律和影响因素,在１０００℃空气中的高温氧化实验结果表明,电沉积ＺｒＯ２涂层和ＺｒＯ２－Ｙ２Ｏ３涂层后,１８－８不锈钢的抗高温氧化性能提高２０倍以上,氧化物的抗剥落能力提高１００倍以上,其中ＺｒＯ２－Ｙ２Ｏ３涂层的性能更佳。     

电沉积烧结ZrO2—8wt%Y2O3薄膜及其对AISI304不锈钢高温氧化行…

在水溶液中于ＡＩＳＩ３０４不锈钢表面电沉积Ｚｒ（ＯＨ）４－Ｙ（ＯＨ）３薄膜，然后在３００￣５００℃烧结形成ＺｒＯ２－８ｗｔ％Ｙ２Ｏ３薄膜，讨论了相应的机理。研究结果表明，表面沉积ＺｒＯ－８ｗｔ％Ｙ２Ｏ３薄膜的试样与空白试样相比，氧化增重下降约３倍，表面沉积ＺｒＯ２－８ｗｔ％Ｙ２Ｏ３薄膜有益作用在于改善了氧化膜与不锈钢基体的附着力和促进铬的选择性氧化。     

微量Pt和Pd对Fe_2O_3/ZrO_2催化剂结构与性能的影响

用ＸＲＤ、ＴＰＲ及固定床微反应器技术研究了微量Ｐｔ 和Ｐｄ 对Ｆｅ２Ｏ３／ＺｒＯ２ 催化剂结构及性能的影响。结果表明，活性组分Ｆｅ３ ＋ 与载体ＺｒＯ２ 之间的相互作用会阻止载体从无定形ＺｒＯ２ 到ｔ－ＺｒＯ２ 进而ｍ － ＺｒＯ２ 的转变，同时，促进Ｆｅ２Ｏ３ 在ＺｒＯ２ 表面的分散。微量Ｐｔ 或Ｐｄ 的加入对Ｆｅ２Ｏ３ 在ＺｒＯ２ 上的分散状态无明显影响，但使Ｆｅ２Ｏ３／ＺｒＯ２ 的还原性能发生明显变化，表层Ｆｅ２Ｏ３ 的还原性显著增强，导致Ｍ－ Ｆｅ２Ｏ３／ＺｒＯ２ 催化剂在ＮＯ＋ ＣＯ反应中有更高的催化活性。Ｎ２ 生成的选择性次序为Ｆｅ２Ｏ３／ＺｒＯ２ ＞ Ｐｄ － Ｆｅ２Ｏ３／ＺｒＯ２ ＞ Ｐｔ－ Ｆｅ２Ｏ３／ＺｒＯ２ ＞ Ｐｄ／ＺｒＯ２ ＞ Ｐｔ／ＺｒＯ２ 。     

乙二醇甲醚—水溶液作介质水热法合成四方相ZrO3.3%Y2O3纳米晶

利用新沉淀的Ｚｒ（ＯＨ）４．３％Ｙ（ＯＨ）３．ｎＨ２Ｏ作前驱体，以乙二醇甲醚－水溶液作反应介质，水热法合成了四方相ＺｒＯ２．３％Ｙ２Ｏ３纳米晶，考察了反应介质，ＰＨ值，反应温度及Ｃｌ＾１、ＮＯ＾３－和ＳＯ＾２－４对产物的影响。前驱体对产物物相有重要影响。     

钇对Fe-Cr-Al合金氧化膜粘附性的影响

利用热重分析,扫描电镜及能谱分析等手段研究了合金中弥散分布的Ｙ,Ｙ２Ｏ３及离子注入Ｙ＾＋对Ｆｅ－２３Ｃｒ－５Ａｌ合金１１００℃恒温氧化行为的影响。不含Ｙ的Ｆｅ２３Ｃｒ５Ａｌ合金氧化膜起皱,长时间氧化后冷却过程中膜发生开裂剥落。合金离子注入１＊１０＾１７Ｙ＾＋／ｃｍ＾２后氧化膜粘附性得到了改善。合金中加入弥散的Ｙ或Ｙ２Ｏ３改变了氧化膜形貌,膜平坦致密,不开裂剥落,不含Ｙ的Ｆｅ２３Ｃｒ５Ａｌ合金氧化膜皱褶形貌的形成及膜发生剥落的原因与氧化膜生长机制及合金中Ｓ的界面偏聚有关,Ｙ提高Ｆｅ－Ｃｒ－Ａｌ合金氧化膜粘附性的原因主要在Ｙ易与Ｓ形成稳定的硫化物,从而阻止了Ｓ在膜／合金界面偏聚。Ｙ提高Ａｌ２Ｏ３膜粘附性的原因还在于改变了Ａｌ２Ｏ３膜的生长机制。     

Ind2rCln（OC6H3—3,5—me2）2—n／二氯二乙基铝催化乙烯齐聚的研究

合成了Ｉｎｄ２Ｚｒ（ＯＣ６Ｈ３－３,５－Ｍｅ）２（Ａ）、Ｉｎｄ２ＺｒＣｌ（ＯＣｙＨ３－３,５－Ｍｅ２）（Ｂ）和Ｉｎｄ２ＡｒＣｌ２（Ｃ）３个化合物,并在不同反应温度、陈化温度、反应时间等条件下,分别考察了每个化合物与Ｅｔ２ＡＩＣｌ所组成的催化体系对乙烯剂聚活笥和选择性的影响。在相同条件下,催化剂活性顺序为Ａ〉Ｂ〉Ｃ,在最佳反应条件下,Ｉｎｄ２Ｚｒ（ＯＣ６Ｈ３－３,５Ｍｅ２）２的催化活必来１９５１ｇ齐     

电沉积烧结ZrO_2－8 wt％Y_2O_3薄膜及其对AISI 304不锈钢高

在水溶液中于ＡＩＳＩ３０４不锈钢表面电沉积ｚｒ（ＯＨ）＿４－Ｙ（ＯＨ）＿３薄膜，然后在３０Ｄ～５００℃烧结形成ＺｒＯ＿２－８ｗｔ％Ｙ＿２Ｏ＿３薄膜，讨论了相应的机理。研究结果表明，表面沉积ＺｒＯ－８ｗｔ％Ｙ＿２Ｏ＿３薄膜的试样与空白试样相比，氧化增重下降约３倍，表面沉积ＺｒＯ＿２－８ｗｔ％Ｙ＿２Ｏ＿３薄膜的有益作用在于改善了氧化膜与不锈钢基体的附着力和促进铬的选择性氧化。     

Cu／ZnO／Al_2O_3／ZrO_2催化剂上乙醇脱氢合成乙酸乙酯Ⅱ．催化剂的表征

采用ＸＲＤ，ＴＰＲ和ＴＰＤ／ＴＰＳＲ方法研究了ＣｕＯ／ＺｎＯ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３／ＺｒＯ２（及还原态）催化剂的物相结构、还原状况、酸碱性质及吸附状况，并与其它催化剂作了比较．ＸＲＤ结果表明，此催化剂在还原前有以晶相存在的ＣｕＯ，还原后以铜晶形式存在，而Ａｌ２Ｏ３，ＺｎＯ，ＺｒＯ２在还原前后均以无定形形式存在．ＴＰＲ实验发现，共沉淀法制备的铜基催化剂只有一个耗氢峰，对应ＣｕＯ的一种分布状态，且催化剂中ＺｒＯ２的存在促进了催化剂的还原．ＮＨ３－ＣＯ２双组分共吸附结果表明，ＣｕＯ／ＺｎＯ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３／ＺｒＯ２催化剂上有两种强度不同的酸中心（１００℃，３４０℃）及弱碱中心（９０℃）．乙醇在催化剂上的ＴＰＳＲ结果表明，在１１０℃有乙醇的脱附峰，氢气及乙醛的生成峰在２１０℃，而在高温时则有ＣＯ，ＣＯ２及丙酮的脱附，整个过程中仅检测到微量乙酸乙酯的脱附（ｍ／ｅ＝４３）     

Ce—Zr—固溶体的制备和表征

采用硝酸盐直接分解法、共沉淀法、苹果酸溶胶、凝胶 柠檬酸溶胶－凝胶法制备了Ｃｅ－Ｚｒ－Ｏ复合氧化物并进行了表征。溶胶－凝胶法制得的Ｃｅ－Ｚｒ－Ｏ为立方的Ｃｅ０．５Ｚｒ０．５Ｏ２复合氧化物（其中少量具有立方性质的ｔ＾〃相）,而直接分解和共沉淀法制得的是由立方Ｃｅ０．８Ｚｒ０．２Ｏ２和四方Ｃｅ０．２Ｚｒ０．８Ｏ２固溶体组成的复合氧化物。不同制备方法制得的样品由于物相组成不同,还原性能也有较大差别。差热     

钇对Fe-Cr-Al合金循环氧化行为的影响

用热重分析、扫描电镜及能谱分析等手段研究了合金中弥散分布的Ｙ、弥散分布的Ｙ２Ｏ３及离子注入Ｙ＾＋对Ｆｅ－２３Ｃｒ－５Ａｌ合金１１００℃循环氧化行为的影响,不含Ｙ的合金比１００ｈ循环氧化后氧化膜发生了开裂和剥落,露出合金基体;加入弥散的Ｙ或Ｙ２Ｏ３的合金经１００ｈ循环化后氧化膜平坦致密,不剥落,离子注入１＊１０＾１７Ｙ＾＋／ｃｍ＾２后合金氧化膜主要发生层间剥落。Ｙ提高Ｆｅ－Ｃｒ－Ａｌ合金氧化膜粘附性     

Sc2MgGa2 and Y2MgGa2

Scandium magnesium gallide, Sc₂MgGa₂, and yttrium magnesium gallide, Y₂MgGa₂, were synthesized from the corresponding elements by heating under an argon atmosphere in an induction furnace. These intermetallic compounds crystallize in the tetragonal Mo₂FeB₂‐type structure. All three crystallographically unique atoms occupy special positions and the site symmetries of (Sc/Y, Ga) and Mg are m2m and 4/m, respectively. The coordinations around Sc/Y, Mg and Ga are pentagonal (Sc/Y), tetragonal (Mg) and triangular (Ga) prisms, with four (Mg) or three (Ga) additional capping atoms leading to the coordination numbers [10], [8+4] and [6+3], respectively. The crystal structure of Sc₂MgGa₂ was determined from single‐crystal diffraction intensities and the isostructural Y₂MgGa₂ was identified from powder diffraction data.     

Zur Kenntnis der Dialkalimetalldichalkogenide β-Na2S2, K2S2, α-Rb2S2, β-Rb2S2, K2Se2, Rb2Se2, α-K2Te2, β-K2Te2 und Rb2Te2

On Dialkali Metal Dichalcogenides β-Na₂S₂, K₂S₂, α-Rb₂S₂, β-Rb₂S₂, K₂Se₂, Rb₂Se₂, α-K₂Te₂, β-K₂Te₂ and Rb₂Te₂ The first presentation of pure samples of α- and β-Rb₂S₂, α- and β-K₂Te₂, and Rb₂Te₂ is described. Using single crystals of K₂S₂ and K₂Se₂, received by ammonothermal synthesis, the structure of the Na₂O₂ type and by using single crystals of β-Na₂S₂ and β-K₂Te₂ the Li₂O₂ type structure will be refined. By combined investigations with temperature-dependent Guinier-, neutron diffraction-, thermal analysis, and Raman-spectroscopy the nature of the monotropic phase transition from the Na₂O₂ type to the Li₂O₂ type will be explained by means of the examples α-/β-Na₂S₂ and α-/β-K₂Te₂. A further case of dimorphic condition as well as the monotropic phase transition of α- and β-Rb₂S₂ is presented. The existing areas of the structure fields of the dialkali metal dichalcogenides are limited by the model of the polar covalence.     

Thermal decomposition of Me3SnO2PCl2, Me2Sn(O2PCl2)2 and Ph3SnO2PCl2

TG and DTA studies on Me₃SnO₂PCl₂, Me₂Sn(O₂PCl₂)₂ and Ph₃SnO₂PCl₂ were carried out under dynamic argon atmosphere. The results show that the decomposition proceeds in different stages leading to the formation of Sn₃(PO₄)₂ as a stable product. This compound was characterized by IR spectroscopy. Decomposition schemes involving reductive elimination reactions were proposed.     

The alkali hypophosphites KH2PO2, RbH2PO2 and CsH2PO2

The structures of the hypophosphites KH₂PO₂ (potassium hypophosphite), RbH₂PO₂ (rubidium hypophosphite) and CsH₂PO₂ (caesium hypophosphite) have been determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. The structures consist of layers of alkali cations and hypophosphite anions, with the latter bridging four cations within the same layer. The Rb and Cs hypophosphites are isomorphous.     

Crystal Structures of [Bu2Sn(O2PPh2)2], [Ph2Sn(O2PPh2)2], and [PhClSn(O2PPh2)OMe]2. Raman Spectra of [Ph2Sn(O2PPh2)2] and [PhClSn(O2PPh2)OMe]2

[(n‐Bu)₂Sn(O₂PPh₂)₂] ( 1 ), and [Ph₂Sn(O₂PPh₂)₂] ( 2 ) have been synthesized by the reactions of R₂SnCl₂ (R=n‐Bu, Ph) with HO₂PPh₂ in Methanol. From the reaction of Ph₂SnCl₂ with diphenylphosphinic acid a third product [PhClSn(O₂PPh₂)OMe]₂ ( 3 ) could be isolated. X‐ray diffraction studies show 1 to crystallize in the monoclinic space group P2₁/c with a = 1303.7(1) pm, b = 2286.9(2) pm, c = 1063.1(1) pm, β = 94.383(6)°, and Z = 4. 2 crystallizes triclinic in the space group , the cell parameters being a = 1293.2(2) pm, b = 1478.5(4) pm, c = 1507.2(3) pm, α = 98.86(3)°, β = 109.63(2)°, γ = 114.88(2)°, and Z = 2. Both compounds form arrays of eight‐membered rings (SnOPO)₂ linked at the tin atoms to form chains of infinite length. The dimer 3 consists of a like ring, in which the tin atoms are bridged by methoxo groups. It crystallizes triclinic in space group with a = 946.4(1) pm, b = 963.7(1) pm, c = 1174.2(1) pm, α = 82.495(6)°, β = 66.451(6)°, γ = 74.922(6)°, and Z = 1 for the dimer. The Raman spectra of 2 and 3 are given and discussed.     

Electrochemical study of (NEt4)2Cl2FeS2MoS2 and (NEt4)2Cl2FeS2MoS2FeCl2

Summary The ability of [MoS₄]^2–, anions to be used as ligands for transition metal ions has been widely demonstrated, especially with Fe²⁺. The present study has been restricted to linear complexes such as (NEt₄)₂ [Cl₂FeS₂MoS₂] and (NEt₄)₂[Cl₂FeS₂MoS₂FeCl₂]. Their electrochemical properties are described: upon electrochemical reduction, these compounds yield MoS₂, as a black precipitate, and an iron complex in solution, assumed to be [SFeCl₂]^2–. The electrochemical reduction goes through two electron transfers, coupled with the breakdown of the molecular skeleton: a DISPl and an ECE mechanism. Depending on the solvent, the following equilibrium may be observed: [Cl₄Fe₂MoS₄]^2–[Cl₂FeMoS₄]^2–+FeCl₂. The equilibrium constant, K_D, was evaluated by differential pulse polarography. K_D is tightly related to the donor number of the solvent.     

Formal [(2+2)+2] and [(2+2)+(2+2)] nonconjugated dienediyne cascade cycloadditions

[reaction: see text] Fluoranthene 2 and heptacycle 3 are easily accessible from the reaction of diyne 1 and norbornadiene (NBD) in the presence of the rhodium catalyst. The unusual [(2+2)+(2+2)] adduct 3 was confirmed by the X-ray crystal structure analysis.