稀土对60CrMnMo热轧辊钢夹杂物形态的影响

采用扫描电镜和金相显微镜对不同稀土加入量的60CrMnMo热轧辊钢夹杂物的大小、变形系数和数量进行了研究。实验结果表明:60CrMnMo钢中加入稀土后,大颗粒的夹杂物明显减少;长条状的硫化锰被等轴状的稀土硫化物所代替;当稀土加入量在0.01wt％～0.05wt％时,夹杂物的数量最少;加入量超过0.10wt％后,夹杂物数量略有增加,即稀土加入量过多,反而会增加钢中夹杂物的数量。     

轻稀土对低合金钢焊缝韧性的影响

在低合金高强钢焊条中，通过药皮过渡轻稀土元素，探讨其对焊缝韧性的影响。结果表明：适量的稀土具有脱氢、脱硫、减少夹杂物数量、净化焊缝组织的作用。稀土的加入，对焊缝组织形成有一定的影响，能抑制侧板条铁素体的转变，促进针状铁素体的形成，由于稀土元素净化作用与细化组织的作用，使低合金钢焊缝金属的韧性得到提高。但加入量过大，造成夹杂增多，晶粒长大，疏松组织，使焊缝的韧性下降。本实验轻稀土加入的合适范围为2％。     

特殊钢中稀土变质夹杂物行为研究

通过加入稀土金属(Ce),研究不同稀土含量对变质夹杂物的影响。发现在洁净度较高的A l脱氧特殊钢中稀土能够使氧化铝、硫化锰夹杂变质并能形成硬度较低的铝酸稀土夹杂物。研究结果表明:当稀土含量Ce15 ppm时,钢中没有稀土夹杂物;当15 ppm≤Ce≤140 ppm时,能够生成稀土铝氧化物和稀土硫氧化物夹杂物;当Ce140 ppm时,夹杂物进一步转变为稀土铝氧化物和稀土氧硫化物的复合夹杂物,并有部分稀土氧硫化物和稀土硫化物,夹杂物的尺寸也随着增大。热力学分析计算表明:在[O],[S]含量较低的前提下,Ce变质A l2O3所需的条件是aCe.aA-l1=0.145,当[A l%]=0.01~0.03时,对应溶解的稀土含量[Ce]=22~67 ppm。     

稀土对HRB500E抗震钢筋夹杂物及冲击韧性的影响

工业化试验冶炼不同稀土含量的HRB500E抗震钢筋,采用光学显微镜(OM),扫描电镜(SEM)和能谱仪(EDS)等手段研究稀土对HRB500E抗震钢筋夹杂物、显微组织和力学性能的影响,并探究稀土对夹杂物变质和低温冲击韧性的作用机制。结果表明:添加0.0066%稀土可以有效降低钢中的S含量,钢中单独的长条状的MnS和大尺寸不规则形状的Al-Mn-O夹杂物消失,变质为小尺寸球状的REAlO_3-MnS的复合夹杂物。抗震钢筋的显微组织细化,在保证拉伸性能的基础上,低温冲击韧性显著提升,-40℃冲击功由7.55 J提升至10.7 J,-60℃冲击功由5.60 J升至8.00 J,分别提高41.72%, 42.86%。     

稀土型铁素体不锈钢430组织及韧性研究

以铁素体不锈钢430为研究对象,通过添加0.06%稀土,可改善铁素体不锈钢430的凝固组织,使凝固组织中的柱状晶区域减小,等轴晶区扩大;可改变铁素体不锈钢430中夹杂物的形貌、组分和分布,夹杂物由脆性夹杂改性为塑性夹杂,同时夹杂物的尺寸减少;有利于铁素体不锈钢430热轧板组织的改善,晶粒进一步细化,晶粒度由6级提高到8级;可改变铁素体不锈钢430的冲击断口形貌,断口形貌由脆性解理断口向韧性断口转变。     

稀土添加工艺及其在重载汽车车轮钢中的作用

通过化学分析、金相观察和理论分析,研究了稀土在BG420CL车轮钢中的分布,以及它对钢中夹杂物的作用、对车轮台架弯曲疲劳寿命的影响。研究发现,对于BG420CL车轮钢,采用浇铸时结晶器喂稀土丝工艺是合理的。钢中加入稀土,可以改变夹杂物的形状和尺寸,提高钢材的综合性能。在本实验条件下,BG420CL车轮钢最佳稀土加入量约为RE／S=2．0,此时冲击韧性得到显著提高,夹杂物的球化效果最好,车轮台架弯曲疲劳寿命提高效果最佳。     

铈对特种防护钢板组织和力学性能的影响

采用向防护钢中添加微量Ce元素的方法,研究不同Ce含量对防护钢组织和性能的影响。借助于金相显微镜、扫描电镜、能谱仪和万能拉伸试验机等检测手段,对添加Ce的防护钢的显微组织、夹杂物和力学性能进行了表征和分析。结果表明:防护钢中加入微量Ce可明显改善钢的显微组织,晶粒得到细化;钢液得到净化,钢中的氧硫含量均下降,同时钢中夹杂物得到变性,由原来多边形的Mn S夹杂转变为球状的稀土复合夹杂。钢中Ce含量达到0.084%时,其抗拉强度、屈服强度及延伸率分别比未加Ce的防护钢提高了5.24%,3.41%和43.70%。     

铈在低硫16Mn钢中的物理化学行为

研究了铈在低硫([S]<50ppm)16Mn钢中的物理化学行为,并测定了钢中铈的固溶量。少量铈仍有脱氧、脱硫、控制夹杂形态、细化晶粒等作用。钢中加入铈后生成铈夹杂物的顺序为CeAlO_3、Ce_2O_2S、Ce_2O_3、Ce_XS_Y。当Ce/S=1.90时,钢中MnS夹杂完全被铈夹杂物取代,钢呈现出最佳冲击性能。在Cewt％=0.002～0.0065范围内,用ICP光谱直接测定铈固溶量约为4ppm。     

连铸BNbRE重轨钢中稀土对夹杂物的作用

论述了稀土在钢轨中的作用,得出采用模铸方法生产的稀土轨(BNbRE)中稀土具有净化钢液、变质夹杂和微合金化作用.稀土轨采用连铸生产后,钢中硫、氧含量有大幅度的降低,钢水质量提高.在相同稀土加入量的条件下,虽然钢中残留稀土含量降低,同样取得了稀土钢轨综合性能,但稀土在钢中的净化和夹杂物变质作用有变化,对硫、氧夹杂物的作用不明显.     

稀土对钢中碳化铌溶解和析出行为的影响

通过透射电镜，Ｘ射线衍射分析，电解相分析及热模热等手段，研究了稀土对控轧含Ｎｂ钢析出相－碳化铌的结构，溶解和析出行为的影响，实验结果表明，钢中加入稀土后，碳化铌颗粒变小且弥散分布，在９００－９５０℃碳化铌析出达最高值，随温度升高析出量急骤下降，１２００℃时碳化铌基本溶解，在奥氏体化温度下，稀上有抑制碳化铌析出的作用，随稀土量增加其作用愈显著，稀土使碳化铌在奥氏体区析出时间增长，沉淀析出速度降低。     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Cu0-catalysed 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of α-amino acid derived N,N-cyclic azomethine imines to ynones

A series of 20 CuAIAC reactions between eight 4-acylamino substituted pyrazolidine-3-one-1-azomethine imines and four terminal ynones were performed using Cu⁰ as catalyst. The corresponding fluorescent cycloadducts were obtained in very high yields upon simple workup. Thus, Cu-metal turned out to be a better catalyst than Cu^I in terms of yield and ease of isolation. Availability of azomethine imines, mild reaction conditions, and simple workup enable a “click” access to libraries of densely substituted 2,3-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyrazol-1-ones. Reactivity of differently substituted dipoles was evaluated experimentally and by quantum chemical methods (DFT).     

Synthesis and antioxidative/anti-inflammatory activity of novel fullerene–polyamine conjugates

(E)-4-(Fullerenopyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid and its corresponding succinimidyl ester, readily obtained through Prato-type modification of C₆₀, were used for the selective N-acylation of polyamines. The thus obtained conjugates were evaluated for their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity and their cytotoxicity was determined. Members of this family of compounds showed interesting anti-lipid peroxidation, anti-lipoxygenase and anti-inflammatory activity and comparable cytocompatibility to spermidine.