原位聚合制备PEDOT-PSS/PVA电磁波吸收功能复合导电织物

在自行织造的聚(3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩)-聚对苯乙烯磺酸钠/聚乙烯醇(PEDOT-PSS/PVA)导电织物表面,通过原位聚合法生成了致密的PEDOT-PSS导电聚合物覆盖层,所得织物称之为in situ PEDOT-PSS/PVA复合导电织物.研究发现,在优化的合成条件下,in situ PEDOT-PSS/PVA复合导电织物具有优异的导电性能,其表面电阻最低可达2?/cm~2.电磁屏蔽性能测试结果表明,单层in situ PEDOT-PSS/PVA导电复合织物的电磁屏蔽效能可达12 dB左右,屏蔽率约为75%;在4~18 GHz的范围内,其电磁波反射率大部分都在-5~-10dB之间,可吸收75%~90%的电磁波,基本达到了军事吸波材料的要求.     

PVA微晶交联和SA/PAA双网络协效增强增韧SA纤维

为了提高海藻酸钠(SA)纤维的断裂强度和断裂伸长率, 以丙烯酸(AA)为化学交联组分, SA为离子交联组分, 聚乙烯醇(PVA)为微晶交联组分, 采用湿法纺丝和冻融循环方法制备含有PVA微晶交联点和海藻酸钠/聚丙烯酸(SA/PAA)双网络结构的海藻酸钠/聚丙烯酸/聚乙烯醇(SA/PAA/PVA)复合纤维. 通过流变性能、 力学性能、 红外光谱、 X射线衍射仪(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)测试研究了交联剂N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(MBA)含量和PVA微晶交联对SA/PAA/PVA纺丝原液和复合纤维的结构与性能的影响. 结果表明, 当MBA质量分数为0.5%时, 纺丝原液的损耗模量(G″)最小, 可纺性最好, 复合纤维的断裂强度达到2.83 cN/dtex, 断裂伸长率达到9.38%, 比再生SA纤维分别提高了15.98%和38.96%; PVA冷冻之后形成微晶交联点并且PAA和PVA已经复合到体系中; PAA和PVA的加入提高了复合纤维的结晶度; 复合纤维的表面形貌趋于光滑和规整, 纤维断面更加致密.     

Mn4+掺杂Co3O4纳米纤维的静电纺丝法制备及其电化学性能

通过静电纺丝法制备Mn~(4+)掺杂的Co_3O_4复合纳米纤维,利用XRD、XPS、BET、SEM和电化学工作站等对材料的结构、成分、形貌和电化学性能进行表征与测试。研究发现,通过Mn~(4+)掺杂,Co_3O_4复合纳米纤维的电化学性能得到明显改善。当nCo∶nMn=20∶2时,相应的复合纤维具有较大比表面积68 m2·g-1,而且该样品呈现出清晰的氧化还原峰,在1 A·g-1的电流密度下,放电比电容量为585 F·g-1,这比纯Co_3O_4纳米纤维的416 F·g-1,有显著提高;循环500圈电容保持率达到82.6%,而纯Co_3O_4纳米纤维则是76.4%。     

静电纺丝技术制备Tb（BA）3phen/PANI/PVP光电双功能复合纳米纤维

采用静电纺丝技术将聚苯胺(PANI)和稀土配合物[Tb(BA)3phen]掺杂到高分子材料(PVP)中,制备出一类新型的具有光电双功能的Tb(BA)3phen/PANI/PVP复合纳米纤维.用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线能量色散谱仪(EDS)、荧光光谱仪及宽频介电松弛谱仪对样品进行了表征.结果表明,复合纳米纤维直径为(331±43)nm.在276 nm紫外光激发下,Tb(BA)3phen/PANI/PVP复合纳米纤维发射出主峰位于491,547和585 nm的绿光,对应Tb3+的5D4→7F6,5D4→7F5和5D4→7F4跃迁.当Tb(BA)3phen∶PANI∶PVP的质量比为15∶10∶100时,复合纳米纤维的荧光发射最强,其电导率随PANI含量的增大而升高,在PANI∶PVP为50%(wt%)时,其电导率在高频(106Hz)下达1.531×10-6S/cm.     

静电纺丝制备Eu(BA)3phen/PANI/PVP光电双功能复合纳米纤维及其性能

采用静电纺丝技术将聚苯胺(PANI)和稀土配合物Eu(BA)3phen掺杂到高分子材料聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)中, 制备出新型的具有光电双功能的Eu(BA)3phen/PANI/PVP复合纳米纤维. 采用扫描电子显微镜、 X射线能量色散谱仪、 荧光光谱仪及宽频介电松弛谱仪对样品进行了表征. 实验结果表明, 复合纳米纤维直径为(270±31) nm. 在275 nm紫外光激发下, Eu(BA)3phen/PANI/PVP复合纳米纤维发射出主峰位于580, 594和617 nm的红光, 对应于Eu3+的 5D0→7F0, 5D0→7F1和5D0→7F2跃迁. 当m[Eu(BA)3phen]:m(PANI):m(PVP)=15:10:100 时, 复合纳米纤维的荧光发射最强. 复合纤维的电导率随PANI含量的增大而升高. 在m(PANI):m(PVP)=50:100时, 其电导率在高频(106 Hz)下达到1.5×10-6 S/cm.     

静电纺丝制备Tb-PEG+Eu-PEG/PANI/PAN荧光导电相变三功能复合纤维

以聚丙烯腈(PAN)为载体基质、 以铕-聚乙二醇(Eu-PEG)和铽-聚乙二醇(Tb-PEG)为相变荧光材料, 加入掺杂的导电聚苯胺(PANI), 采用静电纺丝技术制得Tb-PEG+Eu-PEG/PANI/PAN复合纤维. 采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、 荧光光谱(FL) 仪、 差示扫描量热(DSC)仪及宽频介电松驰谱(BDS)仪等方法对相变荧光导电复合纤维的性能进行分析. 研究结果表明, 复合纤维具备良好的荧光、 相变及导电性能. 在294 nm紫外光激发下, 通过调节Tb-PEG和Eu-PEG的质量比可调节复合纤维的发光强度和颜色, 同时复合纤维的相变温度在5467 ℃之间. 复合纤维的电导率达到10^-6 S/cm, 随着PANI含量的增加, 电导率和介电常数增加. 通过调节Tb-PEG, Eu-PEG和PANI的比例及PEG的分子量, 可以实现复合纤维荧光、 导电及相变性能的可控调整.     

静电纺丝制备荧光导电双功能复合纳米纤维及其表征

采用静电纺丝技术将导电聚苯胺(PANI)和铕/铽稀土配合物掺杂到高分子基质聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)中,制备出荧光导电复合纳米纤维。用扫描电镜(SEM)、荧光光谱仪(FL)、宽频介电松驰谱仪对荧光导电复合纳米纤维的性能进行分析,结果显示,在270nm紫外光激发下,铕系列与铽系列复合纳米纤维分别发出红光和绿光。同时,复合纳米纤维的电导率可以达到1.18×10~(-6) S/cm,两种复合纳米纤维同时具有优异的荧光性能及良好的导电功能。     

Fe_3O_4/mSiO_2/P(IBA-co-AA)磁性复合粒子的制备及其负载阿霉素体外药效的研究

通过多步反应制备了一种p H响应性磁性介孔二氧化硅纳米复合粒子Fe_3O_4/m Si O_2/聚(丙烯酸异丁酯-co-丙烯酸)(Fe_3O_4/m Si O_2/P(IBA-co-AA)).纳米复合粒子由包覆介孔二氧化硅的Fe_3O_4核和聚(丙烯酸异丁酯-co-丙烯酸)的p H响应性外壳组成.利用红外光谱(FT-IR)、X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、振动样品磁强计(VSM)对其结构、物相和性能进行了表征。以抗癌药物阿霉素(DOX)为模型药物,研究了Fe_3O_4/m Si O_2/P(IBA-co-AA)磁性纳米复合粒子在模拟人体环境中的控释行为.选择SMCC7211肝癌细胞为模型细胞,用MTT法研究载药粒子的细胞毒性,并评价载药纳米粒子在细胞中的抗癌效果.结果表明:Fe_3O_4/m Si O_2/P(IBA-co-AA)可作为包载阿霉素的一种新型纳米材料,载药颗粒具有良好的p H响应性,可以有效释放DOX药物来抑制癌细胞的增殖.     

多孔软硬磁Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4/SrFe12O19复合纤维制备及吸波性能

通过静电纺丝技术制备了多孔软硬磁Ni_(0.5)Zn_(0.5)Fe_2O_4/SrFe_(12)O_(19)复合纤维,利用综合热重分析仪(TG-DSC)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线能谱仪(EDS)和矢量网络分析仪(VNA)等对复合纤维的晶体结构、微观形貌和电磁性能进行了表征,研究了不同软硬磁质量比对纤维结构和性能的影响。结果表明:900℃下制备的复合纤维具有立体多孔结构,软硬磁质量比为1∶3时,复合纤维的比表面积达到55 m~2·g~(-1)。吸波性能测试结果显示,当吸波剂涂层厚度为3.5 mm时,复合纤维在10.6 GHz处反射损失(RL)值达到-31.9 dB,在2~18 GHz频率范围内,RL值小于-10 dB的吸收带宽达到10.5 GHz,覆盖了整个X波段(8.2~12.4 GHz)和Ku波段(12.4~18 GHz),显示出优异的宽波段吸收性能。     

复合掺杂改性的尖晶石LiMn1.98Cr0.02O4-yCly的研究

采用改进的高温固相法合成了阴阳离子复合掺杂改性的锂离子电池尖晶石结构正极材料LiMn1.98Cr0.02O4-yCly(y=0, 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04, 0.05, 0.10). 采用X射线衍射手段对材料的晶体结构进行了表征. 从材料的晶体结构、充放电容量、循环性能和倍率放电特性等方面分析了复合掺杂在稳定晶体结构和改善材料电化学性能方面的作用. 实验结果表明, 由于复合掺杂的综合作用, 改性后的材料既保持了高的初始容量, 又具有优良的循环性能, 倍率放电性能也得到了有效的改善. 其中LiMn1.98Cr0.02O3.96Cl0.04的综合性能最优, 初始放电比容量达到127 mA·h/g以上, 循环50次后仍有110 mA·h/g的放电比容量.     

Solvent extraction separation of In/III/-Tl/III/ and Hg/II/-Cd/II/-Co/II/ with sulphoxides

Solvent extraction studies have been made on some metals: In/III/-Tl/III/ and Hg/II/-Cd/II/-Co/II/, from ammonium thiocyanate solutions by dialkyl sulphoxides. Separation of these metals from one another can be achieved by suitable choice of the extracted conditions. The nature of the extractable metal species has been elucidated.     

Synthesis of chlorobis/β-diketonato/oxotechnetium/V/ and tris/β-diketonato/technetium/III/ complexes

Chlorobis/-diketonato/ oxotechnetium/V/ complexes [TcOCl/-dik/₂, -diketone=acetylacetone, benzoylacetone and dibenzoylmethane] were newly synthesized using macroamount of⁹⁹Tc. These complexes were further separated into geometrical isomers. Furthermore, an improvement of the yields for the syntheses of tris/-dike-tonato/technetium/III/ complexes [Tc/-dik/₃, -diketone=acetylacetone, benzoylacetone and 2-thenoyltrifluoroacetone] was examined using Tc/III/-thiourea complexes as a starting material.     

Simultaneous propane dehydrogenation andco2hydrogenation overCrOx/SiO2catalyst

Summary Single reverse water-gas shift (RWGS) and dehydrogenation of propane with CO₂(DH-CO₂) reactions in the presence and absence of the CrO_x/SiO₂ catalyst have been studied between 673 and 873 K. It was found that the CrO_x/SiO₂ catalyst is active both in the dehydrogenation of propane and in the RWGS reactions. The obtained results suggest that the dehydrogenation of propane to propene in the presence of CO₂on CrO_x/SiO₂can be facilitated by the RWGS reaction.</o:p>     

Direct synthesis of dimethyl carbonate ?from CH3OH AND CO2 by H3PW12O40/CexTi1-xO2 catalyst

Summary Ce_xTi_1-xO₂ and H₃PW₁₂O₄₀/Ce_xTi_1-xO₂ catalysts were prepared using a sol-gel method, and applied to the direct synthesis of dimethyl carbonate from methanol and carbon dioxide. H₃PW₁₂O₄₀/Ce_xTi_1-xO₂ showed a better catalytic performance than the corresponding Ce_xTi_1-xO₂, due to the bifunctional catalysis of Br?nsted acid sites (provided by H₃PW₁₂O₄₀) and base sites (provided by Ce_xTi_1-xO₂). H₃PW₁₂O₄₀/Ce_0.1Ti_0.9O₂ showed the highest catalytic performance among the H₃PW₁₂O₄₀/Ce_xTi_1-xO₂ catalysts.     

An investigation of the promotional effect of propylene or propane traces on the activity of sulfatedPt/g-Al2O3andPt-Sn/g-Al2O3inCH4combustion

Summary A strong promoting effect of the presence of C₃H₈or C₃H₆was determined for the combustion of CH₄in excess oxygen, over pre-sulfated 1%Pt/g-Al₂O₃and pre-sulfated 1%Pt-2%Sn/g-Al₂O₃catalysts.</o:p>     

Crystal structure of Na3PO4 · 12H2O

The crystal structure of trisodium monophosphate hemihydrate was determined. The space group is $\text{C2}\text{c}$ and a unit cell contains eight formula units. The unit cell dimensions of $\text{Na}{}_3\text{PO}{}_4\text{·}\text{1}\text{2}\text{H}{}_2\text{O}$ are a = 9.631(3), b = 5.416(2), c = 16.938(8) Å, β = 102.60(5)°. The final R value is 0.027 for a set of 1430 independent reflections. This atomic arrangement is mainly a three-dimensional network of distorted NaO₆ octahedra. The hydrogen bonding scheme is given.     

LixNi0.8-yCo0.2ZnyOp的合成及电化学性能研究

A series of single-phase Li_xNi_0.8-yCo_0.2Zn_yO_p(0.96 ≤x≤ 1.10， 0 ≤y≤ 0.05， 2 ≤p≤ 2(1+y) ) (different in the y values) were synthesized by a two-step solid state reaction method， in which LiOH·H₂O， Zn-doped spherical Ni(OH)₂ and Co₂O₃ were used as the precursors. The ICP-AES analyses proved that the Zn-doped compounds synthesized had the nonstoichiometric form. The results of the XRD， SEM identified that the uniform particles of the as-prepared materials having a good layered structure were fine， narrowly distributed and well crystallized. The electrochemical performance test was carried out and the results showed that the as-prepared Zn-doped materials had not only a high capacity， but also a better cycling stability characterization than the un-doped one. The Li_1.06Ni_0.75Co_0.22Zn_0.03O_2.03 material has an initial reversible capacity as high as 160.5mAh·g^-1; and a first discharge efficiency 89.2%， and exhibits satisfactory cyclic stability with 90% retainable capacity after 50 cycles.     

Visible light-sensitive yellow TiO2−xNx and Fe-N co-doped Ti1−yFeyO2−xNx anatase photocatalysts

Nitrogen substituted yellow colored anatase TiO_2−xN_x and Fe-N co-doped Ti_1−yFe_yO_2−xN_x have been easily synthesized by novel hydrazine method. White anatase TiO_2−δ and N/Fe-N-doped samples are semiconducting and the presence of ESR signals at g ∼1.994-2.0025 supports the oxygen vacancy and g∼4.3 indicates Fe³⁺ in the lattice. TiO_2−xN_x has higher conductivity than TiO_2−x and Fe/Fe-N-doped anatase and the UV absorption edge of white TiO_2−x extends in the visible region in N, Fe and Fe-N co-doped TiO₂, which show, respectively, two band gaps at ∼3.25/2.63, ∼3.31/2.44 and 2.8/2.44 eV. An activation energy of ∼1.8 eV is observed in Arrhenius log resistivity vs. 1/T plots for all samples. All TiO₂ and Fe-doped TiO₂ show low 2-propanol photodegradation activity but have significant NO photodestruction capability, both in UV and visible regions, while standard Degussa P-25 is incapable in destroying NO in the visible region The mid-gap levels that these N and Fe-N-doped TiO₂ consist may cause this discrepancy in their photocatalytic activities.     

Synthesis and characterization of Ti1−2xNbxNixO2−x/2 solid solutions

Doped-rutile has been traditionally used in ceramic pigments for its intense optical properties. In this paper, we compare the classical ceramic synthesis of Ti_1−2xNb_xNi_xO_2−x/2 system with the sol-gel methodology, which allows a reduction of the anatase-rutile transformation temperature. The composition was optimised in order to obtain a unique rutile phase with the minimum amount of pollutant Ni(II) and enhanced chromatic coordinates. Incorporation of the doping ions in the rutile structure was corroborated by XRD and Rietveld refinements. The species responsible for the colour mechanism were studied by different techniques. UV-VIS spectroscopy showed the characteristic features of Ni²⁺ ions, whose existence was corroborated by EPR and magnetic measurements. From these results, (Ni,Nb)doped-TiO₂ powder samples can be now shaped as thin films, monoliths, etc. by using sol-gel methodology without modifying their properties. This study introduces new possibilities of coloured TiO₂-based solid solutions in new combined advanced applications (colouring agent and photocatalyst, etc.).     

Carbon black and propylene oxidation over Ru/CoxMgyAl2Oz catalysts

The effects of Co_xMg_yAl₂O_z mixed oxides composition and ruthenium addition on the oxidation of propylene and carbon black (CB) were investigated. Different reactive cobalt and ruthenium oxide species were formed following calcination at 600 °C. The addition of ruthenium was beneficial for the CB oxidation under “loose contact” conditions and for propylene oxidation when the cobalt content was intermediate to low. The calculated activation energy for CB oxidation was decreased from 151 kJ mol⁻¹ for the uncatalyzed reaction to 111 kJ mol⁻¹ over the best catalyst.