Sc(P204)3/烷基铝体系催化降冰片烯聚合

以钪的膦酸酯盐Sc(P204)3和烷基铝组成催化体系催化降冰片烯(NBE)聚合,考察了聚合反应条件对单体转化率、产物分子量以及微观结构的影响.当以三乙基铝为助催化剂时,[NBE]/[Sc]=50(摩尔比),[A1]/[Sc]=30(摩尔比),40℃陈化5 min,在甲苯中于60℃聚合7h,单体转化率为98％,所得聚合物可部分溶于有机溶剂;NBE以开环聚合方式为主,开环产物含量为81％ ～88％,其中顺式双键含量为48％ ～58％,分子量2.4×103～ 3.0×103,分子量分布1.9 ～2.2.当以三异丁基铝为助催化剂时,[NBE]/[Sc]=50(摩尔比),[Al]/[Sc] =5(摩尔比),50℃陈化2h,80℃下于甲苯中聚合4h,单体转化率为39％,所得白色聚合产物很难溶于有机溶剂,以开环聚合方式为主,产物中反式双键含量90％.     

咪唑烷基桥联双芳氧基稀土胺化物高效催化ε-己内酯开环聚合

研究了一系列咪唑烷基桥联双芳氧基稀土金属胺化物催化ε-己内酯开环聚合反应性能。通过对聚合物的分子量和分子量分布进行分析,结果显示,这些稀土胺化物能在相对较温和的条件下高活性引发ε-己内酯开环聚合,其催化活性随着稀土金属离子半径变大而增强,但所得聚合物的分子量分布较宽(PDI=1.21~1.89),显示它们不是可控聚合体系。加入异丙醇原位转化成稀土金属烷氧基配合物后,聚合的可控性得到了明显的改善,显示了可控聚合的特点。通过分析齐聚物的末端基,研究了这类稀土胺化物加醇体系催化ε-己内酯聚合的机制。     

酶促开环聚合合成双亲性H型嵌段共聚物及其自组装

通过固定化酶Novozyme435（NV435）催化聚乙二醇（PEG）开环聚合己内酯（CL）得到端基带有羟基的ABA型三嵌段聚合物,用2,2-二氯代乙酰氯将聚合物的端羟基功能化形成H型大分子引发剂,在CuCl／HMTETA体系中引发4-乙烯基吡啶（4VP）进行原子转移自由基聚合反应（ATRP）,得到了具有两亲性的H型五嵌段聚合物（PVP）2-b—PCL-b．PEG-PCL-（PVP）2,用红外光谱（FT IR）,核磁共振（^1H NMR）,凝胶渗透色谱（GPC）对其结构与分子量及其分子量分布进行了表征,结果表明：H型五嵌段聚合物分子量46121g／mol,分子量分布1．30．并利用动态光散射（DLS）和原子力显微镜（AFM）对聚合物在水溶液中的自组装行为进行了研究,H型嵌段聚合物的胶束呈球形结构,平均直径为70nm左右．     

双膦胺镍/甲基铝氧烷催化降冰片烯聚合研究

合成了一种双膦胺镍配合物N,N-双(二苯膦基)-对甲氧基苯胺二氯化镍(PNP-Ni),研究了PNP-Ni/甲基铝氧烷(MAO)体系使降冰片烯(NBE)单体按乙烯基加成聚合的催化性能,考察了各种聚合条件如温度、Al/Ni比及催化剂浓度对催化效率、单体转化率、聚合物分子量及分子量分布的影响.结果表明,该催化体系具有较高的催化效率,可达到105g PNBE/(mol Ni)数量级,所得可溶性聚合产物聚降冰片烯(PNBE)重均分子量可高达1×106以上,分子量分布窄(Mw/Mn<2).该PNBE具有很好耐热性能,其玻璃化转变温度Tg高于300℃.通过对聚合产物1H和13C-NMR分析表明,该聚合反应是单体按乙烯基配位聚合机理进行的,聚合产物PNBE的3种立体构型含量分别为[mm]=53%,[mr]=39%,[rr]=8%.     

稀土席夫碱配合物催化己内酯可控开环聚合

 通过稀土氯化物与席夫碱钠盐的交换反应制备了一系列以 3,5-二叔丁基水杨醛缩苯胺为配体的稀土席夫碱配合物. 对其中的钕席夫碱配合物进行了 X射线单晶衍射分析, 发现其单晶结构为五角双锥构型, 所得席夫碱稀土配合物可以单组分催化 ?-己内酯开环聚合. 深入研究了钕席夫碱配合物催化己内酯的开环聚合机理, 考察了不同聚合条件对单体转化率、产物分子量及分子量分布的影响. 结果表明, 该聚合反应速率为一级, 聚合反应具有较好的可控性. 聚合物端基分析表明, 聚合反应以配位-插入机理进行.     

Schiff碱二价钐配合物[2-OC_6H_4CH═N(2,6-~iPr_2C_6H_3)]_2Sm(THF)_2催化己内酯开环聚合

(取代 )水杨醛缩合的 Schiff碱作为一种辅助配体广泛用于过渡金属有机化学中 ,如 Salen Al可以催化丙交酯、己内酯等环酯的开环聚合 [1]。近来 ,Grubbs等 [2 ]发现 ,(取代 )水杨醛和芳胺缩合的 Schiff碱后过渡金属 Ni配合物 ,在不加助催化剂的条件下 ,作为单组分催化剂 ,对乙烯等α-烯烃的聚合具有很高的催化活性[2 ] 。虽然类似的 Schiff碱稀土配合物也有一些报道 ,但有关其催化聚合反应性能的研究还很少见 [3]。我们选用 Sm I2 为起始原料 ,合成了 Schiff碱二价 Sm配合物 ,并发现这种配合物对己内酯开环聚合有高催化活性 ,生成聚合物…     

异丁烯聚合催化体系研究 Ⅰ.均聚与共聚反应

用苯甲酰氯(BC)／TiCl4引发异丁烯(IB)聚合及与苯乙烯(St)的共聚反应，得到分子量高、分布窄的聚异丁烯及其共聚物，并控制了BC的高活性。对IB均聚及其与ST共聚反应影响因素(体系浓度、残余水、第3组分三乙胺(TEA))进行优化，得到最佳条件为：[BC]=2．6mmol／L、[TEA]／[BC]=1.0(均聚)和n(TiCl4)／n(BC)=80、[TEA]／[BC=4．0(共聚)，BC／TiCl4／TEA是最佳体系，对水不敏感，可以制备分子量高及分子量分布(MWD)为1．5(均聚)和2．0(共聚)的窄分布聚合物(GPC曲线均为单峰)。     

超高分子量聚苯乙烯的合成和聚合反应动力学

杯芳烃钕与Mg(n Bu) 2 、HMPA所组成的三元络合催化剂用于苯乙烯配位聚合能以高收率制得超高分子量聚苯乙烯 .以甲苯为溶剂 ,在一定条件下制成三元配位催化剂 ,当 [Nd]=8× 10 - 4mol L ,[St]=4 .0mol L ,Mg Nd =2 0 .0 (摩尔比 ) ,HMPA Mg =1.0 (摩尔比 ) ,5 0℃聚合 4 5min ,聚合转化率可达到 80 %左右 .所得聚苯乙烯的重均分子量高达 2 10× 10 4 ,分子量分布指数为 1.6 1.间规聚苯乙烯含量为 81% .动力学研究表明 ,聚合反应速率与单体和主催化剂 杯 [6 ]芳烃钕的浓度分别呈 1次方关系 ,聚合反应的表观活化能为 4 1.7kJ mol     

取代茚基二价稀土配合物催化己内酯开环聚合反应

研究了1-环戊烷基茚基二价镱配合物(1-C5H9C9H6)2Yb(THF)2作为单组分催化剂催化己内酯开环聚合反应, 考察了催化剂用量、聚合反应时间、聚合反应温度对己内酯聚合反应的影响. 结果表明, 配合物(1-C5H9C9H6)2Yb(THF)2对己内酯聚合有较高的催化活性; 温度升高, 聚合反应的转化率增加, 但产物的数均分子量及分子量分布无明显变化; 所得聚合物分子量分布较窄. 其它几种取代茚基稀土配合物也显示出较高的催化活性, 其活性有下列次序: (1-C2H5C9H6)2Sm(THF)2>(1-C5H9C9H6)2Sm(THF)>KSm(1-C5H9C9H6)3(THF)3>(1-PhCH2C9H6)2Sm(THF)2>(1-C5H9C9H6)2Yb(THF)2, 二价钐配合物较二价镱配合物具有较高的催化活性. 通过凝胶渗透色谱法测定了聚合产物的数均分子量及其分布.     

Y（AcAc）3／n—BuMgCl络合催化ε—己内酯本体聚合

应用稀土乙酰基丙酮盐［Ｙ（ＡｃＡｃ）３］与格氏试剂（ｎ－ＢｕＭｇＣｌ）络合催化ε－己内酯聚合。研究了单体与催化剂摩尔化、助催化剂用量、温度、时间及第三组份等条件对聚合反应的影响。结果表明，该催化体系具有较好的反应活性。增加助催化剂用量或选择合适的第三组份如二甲基亚砜能有效地提高单体转化率与聚合物分子量。分子量分布为２．１。Ｘ－衍射分析表明聚己内酯为结晶性聚合物。     

Room temperature polymerization of alkyl isocyanates catalyzed by rare earth Schiff base complexes

The polymerization of alkyl isocyanates catalyzed by rare earth chloride salen complexes/triisobutyl aluminum (Ln(H₂salen)₂Cl₃·2C₂H₇OH/Al(i-Bu)₃) at room temperature was investigated. The influences of ligand structure, catalyst composition, polymerization temperature, polymerization time, the concentration of catalyst and monomer, and the polymerization solvent on the polymerization of isocyanates were studied. It was found that under the polymerization conditions, examined La(H₂salen_A)₂Cl₃·2C₂-H₇OH/Al(i-Bu)₃ (H₂salen_A= N,N′-disalicylideneethylene diamine) is a fairly high efficient catalyst for the polymerization of n-hexyl isocyanate (n-HexNCO) to prepare high molecular weight poly(n-hexyl isocyanate) (PHNCO) with narrower molecular weight distribution at room temperature. PHNCO could be prepared with yield of 74.0%, number-average molecular weight (M _n) of 40.20×10⁴ and MWD of 1.79 under the following optimum conditions: [Al]/[La] = 30 (molar ratio), [n-HexNCO]/[La] = 100 (molar ratio), [n-HexNCO] = 3.43 mol/L polymerization at 20°C for 12 h in toluene. In the same polymerization conditions, poly (n-octyl isocyanate) (PONCO) with yield of 67.3%, and poly(n-butyl isocyanate) (PBNCO) with yield of 45.5%, could be prepared respectively. The kinetics of the polymerization of n-HexNCO was also investigated and found to be first-order with respect to both monomer and catalyst concentrations.     

Schiff碱镧配合物的合成及其催化烷基异氰酸酯聚合

通过氯化镧与Schiff碱钠盐(NaSalen)的交换反应制备了4种镧的Schiff碱配合物La(HSalen1-4)3,对其中以3,5-二叔丁基水杨醛缩苯胺为配体的配合物La(HSalen2)3进行了X-射线单晶衍射分析,测定其单晶结构为五角双锥构型,七配位的镧金属中心与氮和氧原子相连.将所得的La(HSalen)3...     

Polymerization of n-Hexyl Isocyanate Initiated by Novel Rare Earth Tris （2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenolate）

The polymerization of n-hexyl isocyanate (HNCO) was carried out in the presence of a novel single initiator, rare earth tris (2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenolate) [Ln(OAr)3]. The influences of reaction conditions such as the monomer concentration, the polymerization temperature and time, and the types of solvents on the polymerization of HNCO were studied. Polymerizations of phenyl, i-propyl, p-tolyl, n-butyl and n-octyl isocyanates with La(OAr)3 were also examined.     

镧配位催化N-十八烷基马来酰亚胺均聚合

N-取代马来酰亚胺聚合物中的酰亚胺环为平面五元环结构,阻碍了酰亚胺单元绕聚合物主链的旋转,限制了聚合物主链的运动,使聚合物的热性能和化学稳定性得到了很大的提高．近些年来,有关N-取代马来酰亚胺均聚合研究的报道已经有很多,但大多采用自由基聚合方法和负离子聚合方法,采用配位催化聚合方法很少．     

稀土膦酸酯盐-烷基铝体系催化正辛基异氰酸酯配位聚合

报道了由稀土膦酸酯盐-烷基铝组成的催化体系在温和条件下催化正辛基异氰酸酯(n-OctNCO)的配位聚合特征. 研究发现, 以Nd(P204)3/Al(i-Bu)3组成的稀土催化体系是正辛基异氰酸酯聚合的良好催化剂. 系统考察了正辛基异氰酸酯在该催化体系下的本体、溶液聚合的聚合规律和溶液聚合反应动力学. 用1H NMR, FTIR, DSC, TGA和GPC等分析测试手段对所得到的聚合物进行了表征.     

CoⅡ(salen*)存在下的氯丁二烯自由基聚合

研究了N,N'-双(3,5-二叔丁基水杨醛)-1,2-环己二胺钴(Ⅱ)[Co^Ⅱ(salen*)]存在下氯丁二烯(CP)的自由基聚合, 考察了不同溶剂、 引发剂用量及配体对聚合反应的影响. 结果表明, 随着引发剂用量的增加, 聚合反应的诱导期缩短, 以[ABVN]₀/[ Co^Ⅱ(salen*)]₀=3/1配比投料, 聚合反应表现出较好的可控聚合特征. 在苯、 甲苯、 四氢呋喃(THF)和乙酸乙酯(EA) 4种溶剂中按照[CP]₀/[Co^Ⅱ(salen*)]₀/[ABVN]₀=400/1/3的配比投料, 在苯中的可控聚合程度最好: 在低转化率(40%以下)实测聚合物分子量(M_n,GPC)与理论值(M_n,th)吻合, 且分子量随转化率增加呈线性增长. 研究了THF、 三乙胺(NEt₃)、 吡啶(Py)及水等不同配体对聚合反应的影响, 发现在添加THF时, 低转化率(40%以下)下M_n,GPC与M_n,th相符, 分子量分布(PDI)相对较窄.     

Unsymmetrical N-Heterocyclic Carbene: 1-Isopropyl-3-benzylimidazol-2-ylidene as Catalyst for Ring-Opening Polymerization of ϵ-Caprolactone

An unsymmetrical N-heterocyclic carbene, namely 1-isopropyl-3-benzylimidazol-2-ylidene, is a highly active catalyst for ring-opening polymerization of ?-caprolactone (CL) to give polycaprolactone (PCL) with number average molecular weight (Mn) as high as 2.66 × 10⁴ at 0°C in 100 min in tetrahydrofuran (THF). The effects of monomer/initiator molar ratio ([M]/[I]), catalyst/initiator molar ratio ([C]/[I]), monomer concentration, as well as polymerization temperature and time have been investigated. The kinetic studies of CL polymerization have indicated that the polymerization rate is first-order with respect to both monomer and catalyst concentrations. The apparent activation energy amounts to 56.04 kJ/mol. The proposed mechanism is a monomer-activated process.     

A highly active neodymium chloride isopropanol complex/modified methylaluminoxane catalyst for preparing polyisoprene with high cis-1,4 stereospecificity and narrow molecular weight distribution

<正>Neodymium chloride isopropanol complex(NdCl_3·3~iPrOH) activated by modified methylaluminoxane(MMAO) was examined in isoprene polymerization in hexane,with regards to Nd compounds,aluminum(Al) compounds,[Al]/[Nd] ratio,polymerization temperature and time.NdCl_3-3~iPrOH exhibited high activity producing polymers featuring high cis-1,4 stereospecificity(96%),very high molecular weight(M_n1.0×10~6) and fairly narrow molecular weight distribution (MWD,M_w/M_n2.0) simultaneously.In comparison,neodymium isopropoxide also showed high activity providing polymers with narrow MWD(M_w/M_n = 2.07),but somewhat low cis-1,4 content(ca.92%),while neodymium chloride had no activity under present polymerization conditions.The Al compounds affected the polymer yield in the order of Al(i-Bu)_3MMAOAl(i-Bu)_2H.MMAO as cocatalyst afforded polyisoprene with high M_n over 1.0×10~6,whereas as stronger chain transfer agent than MMAO,Al(i-Bu)_3 and Al(i-Bu)_2H yielded polymers with low M_n(1.0×10~5-8.0×10~5). NdCl_3·3~iPrOH/MMAO catalyst showed a fairly good catalytic activity even at relatively low[Al]/[Nd]ratio of 30,and the produced polymer remained high cis-1,4 content of 95.8%along with high M_n over 1.0×10~6 even at elevated temperatures up to 70℃.The polymerization rate is of the first order with respect to the concentration of isoprene.The mechanism of active species formation was discussed preliminarily.     

Initiation and propagation steps in the equibinary polymerization of butadiene by bis(h3-allylnickel trifluoroacetate)

Polymerization of butadiene by bis(h³-allylnickel trifluoroacetate) in benzene and o-dichlorobenzene solvents yields an equibinary 1,4-polybutadiene, containing equal amounts of cis and trans isomers. Initiation proceeds by addition of the allylic moiety of the initiator to a butadiene molecule. The rate of initiation is high enough to ensure complete consumption of the catalyst for a monomer/catalyst molar ratio of about 10 at 5°C. The propagation exhibits the characteristics of a “living” polymerization: the molecular weight is proportional to the conversion, and at the end of the reaction, the average degree of polymerization is equal to the monomer/catalyst molar ratio. Living polybutadienyl-nickel trifluoroacetate is able to reinitiate not only butadiene polymerization but also allene polymerization. However, for high [monomer]/[catalyst] ratios, conversion-dependent transfer reactions limit the molecular weight to 7000 in benzene and to 70,000 in bulk polymerization in the presence of small amounts of o-dichlorobenzene.     

Schiff碱基过渡金属镍络合物的电化学聚合:阳极电聚合中扫描速率的影响(英文)

采用线性电位扫描法制备了水杨醛-Schiff碱基过渡金属镍络合物的聚合物poly[Ni(salen)],扫描速率为5-150 mV.s-1.采用场发射显微镜观察了聚合物poly[Ni(salen)]的表面形貌.研究了电聚合中扫描速率对聚合物生长的影响,电聚合速率(dГ/dm)与扫描速率(v)呈指数衰退关系,通过库仑电量分析指出电聚合扫描速率在20mV.s-1时聚合产物中含有最多的氧化还原活性点.扫描速率提高时单体的扩散步骤限制了聚合物的生长,所以氧化还原活性点总量随着扫描速率的提高而开始下降.利用循环伏安法分析了聚合物poly[Ni(salen)]的扩散动力学,结果表明在20 mV.s-1时制备的聚合物具有较大的电荷扩散系数.