火焰原子吸收光测定合成羰基镍残渣中高含量的铜钴镍铁

本文研究了用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定合成羰基镍残渣中高含量Ｃｕ，Ｃｏ，Ｎｉ，Ｆｅ，系统地试验了测定条件和Ｈ２ＳＯ４浓度，Ｓｉ含量对测定的影响，以及Ｃｕ，Ｃｏ，Ｎｉ，Ｆｅ之间相互干扰情况，研究了合适的溶样方法，选择理想了的分析谱线等，有效地消除了共存元素的干扰，实现了在同一溶液中测定合成羰基镍残渣中的高含量多元素，方法简便，快速，准确。     

塑料成型工艺实习CAI课件的开发

针对当前学生实习面临的困难，以Authorware为开发工具，编制了塑料成型工艺实习CAI课件，整个软件图文并茂，图像，动画，解说，音乐相结合，形象地介绍了塑料各种成型工艺的主要原理，生产设备，工艺流程和相关产品，应用本软件学生可以进行模拟实习，该软件激发了学生学习的兴趣，提高了实习质量。     

稀土抛光粉的生产及应用

综述了稀土抛光粉的各种制造工艺及其在玻璃抛光领域的应用现状，以稀土抛光粉不同的化学成分，粒度，用途等对稀土抛光粉进行了归纳分类，介绍了国内外稀土抛光粉生产企业的产生规律，产品特点，对国内外稀土抛光粉的制备工艺流程进行了归纳，阐述了稀土抛光粉的抛光工艺及抛光机理，重点讨论了稀土抛光粉的应用领域，预测了稀土抛光粉市场的未来，对稀土抛光粉的应用进行了展望。     

加强基础不断更新 培养能力提高素质──有机化学实验课改革体会

几年来，对有机化学实验课进行了改革探索，加强了基础训练，设立以常量、小量－半微量序列实验的合成训练，增加了应用性化合物的合成，保证了实验教学质量，积累了一些经验，受到学生的欢迎。     

标准强化竹豆型营养保健米膳微量元素模式营养评分研究

测定了竹豆营养保健米的Ｚｎ，Ｃｕ，Ｆｅ，Ｍｎ，Ｓｅ含量，作了营养评分，并对该型保健米的科学配膳进行了研究，为改革主食营养结构，防治疾病提供了依据。     

2,5—二取代—1,3—4—恶二唑和N,N‘—二酰基肼化合物的合成与生物活性

合成了１８种新的对称与不对称的２，５－二取代－１，３，４－恶二唑及Ｎ，Ｎ“＇－Ｆ二酰基肼化物，用元素分析，红外光谱，核磁氢谱和质谱确定了其结构，并对它们的杀虫，抗菌活性进行了测试，发现了数个具有较强生物活性的化合物。     

神经群结构,算法与X射线荧光光谱分析研究

研究了一种多组分型神经群网络结构，根据多元体系各变量间的内在规律，可在神经网络中由相互间具有紧密联系的一些神经元的集合形成群结构，采用这种全连接方式的神经群网络结构，减少了连接权重，剔除了噪音，从而增强了模型稳定性，提高了Ｘ射线荧光光谱预测准确度，显著增加了神经网络的外推预测能力，降低了训练模型所需的标样数。     

一种基于共振角度测量的小型SPR传感器

合成了一种光学有机玻璃并进行了性能表征，用其制作了一种不规则六面体光学棱镜，采用这种光学棱镜，以发光二极管为光源，线阵CCD为检测器，组装了一种共振角度同时测量的小型SPR传感装置，讨论了影响该传感器灵敏度，分辨率和线性范围的因素，将其用于乙醇和磷酸二氢钾的检测，获得了较好的结果。     

葡辛胺的催化加氢合成工艺的研究

系统地研究了以Ｒａｎｅｙ镍为催化剂同呼正辛胺形成Ｓｃｈｉｆｆ碱后催化加氢合成葡辛胺的反应，通过对反应条件的优化，特别是通过向反应体系中加入催化剂量的三乙胺，改善了催化剂的性能，降低了催化剂的用量，有效地抑制了副反应的发生，缩短了反应时间，反应产率达到７０％以上，并对失活的Ｒａｎｅｙ镍催化剂的再生进行了初步试探。     

双硅烷热分解的理论研究

用量子化学方法研究了双硅烷１，２－氢迁移热分解，全参量优化了反应物及产物的平衡几何构型，找到了反应途径，获得了过渡态，并对过渡态进行了振动分析，活化能的计算值与实验值一致，从理论上证明双硅烷通过１，２－氢迁移的热分解途径的可行性。     

Volatile components of selected liverworts, and cytotoxic, radical scavenging and antimicrobial activities of their crude extracts

Crude extracts of the Tahitian liverworts Mastigophora diclados and Frullania sp., the Indonesian Frullania sp., Dumortiera hirsuta and Marchantia sp., and the Japanese Porella perrottetiana were investigated chemically by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). All extracts contained various volatile sesqui- and diterpenoids and a few aromatic compounds. The Tahitian M. diclados and Frullania sp., and the Indonesian Frullania sp. exhibited cytotoxic activity against HL-60 and KB cell lines. The extracts of the Tahitian M. diclados and the Indonesian Marchantia sp. showed radical scavenging activity, whereas the crude extracts of the Tahitian M. diclados and Frullania sp., and the Indonesian Frullania and Marchantia sp. showed antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis.     

Reducing nuclear danger through intergovernmental technical exchanges on nuclear materials safety management

The United States (U.S.) and Russia are dismantling nuclear weapons and generating hundreds of tons of excess plutonium and high-enriched uranium fissile nuclear materials that require disposition. The U.S. Department of Energy and the Ministry of the Russian Federation for Atomic Energy (Minatom) organizations are planning and implementing safe, secure storage and disposition operations for these materials in numerous facilities. This provides a new opportunity for technical exchanges between Russian and U.S. scientists that can establish an improved and sustained common safety culture for handling these materials. An initiative that develops and uses personal relationships and joint projects among Russian and U.S. participants involved in nuclear materials safety management contributes to improving nuclear materials nonproliferation and to making a safer world. Technical exchanges and workshops are being used to systematically identify opportunities in the nuclear materials facilities to improve and ensure the safety of workers, the public, and the environment.     

Spectrophotometric and fluorimetric determination of diazepam, bromazepam and clonazepam in pharmaceutical and urine samples

New spectrophotometric and fluorimetric methods have been developed to determine diazepam, bromazepam and clonazepam (1,4-benzodiazepines) in pure forms, pharmaceutical preparations and biological fluid. The new methods are based on measuring absorption or emission spectra in methanolic potassium hydroxide solution. Fluorimetric methods have proved selective with low detection limits, whereas photometric methods showed relatively high detection limits. Successive applications of developed methods for drugs determination in pharmaceutical preparations and urine samples were performed. Photometric methods gave linear calibration graphs in the ranges of 2.85-28.5, 0.316-3.16, and 0.316-3.16 microgml-1 with detection limits of 1.27, 0.08 and 0.13 microgml-1 for diazepam, bromazepam and clonazepam, respectively. Corresponding average errors of 2.60, 5.26 and 3.93 and relative standard deviations (R.S.D.s) of 2.79, 2.12 and 2.83, respectively, were obtained. Fluorimetric methods gave linear calibration graphs in the ranges of 0.03-0.34, 0.03-0.32 and 0.03-0.38 microgml-1 with detection limits of 7.13, 5.67 and 16.47 ngml-1 for diazepam, bromazepam and clonazepam, respectively. Corresponding average errors of 0.29, 4.33 and 5.42 and R.S.D.s of 1.27, 1.96 and 1.14 were obtained, respectively. Statistical Students t-test and F-test have been used and satisfactory results were obtained.     

智能响应材料在磷酸化肽和糖肽富集中的应用

蛋白质的磷酸化和糖基化作为研究最广泛的两种翻译后修饰(PTMs),在疾病的早期无创诊断、预后和治疗评估中表现出越来越大的潜力。蛋白质的异常磷酸化和糖基化经常被用于临床蛋白质组学研究和疾病相关生物标志物的发现。目前已有多种材料被开发用于磷酸化肽和糖肽的富集研究,其中,智能响应材料由于具有独特的响应特性,已被陆续报道用于磷酸化肽和糖肽的富集。智能响应材料可对外界刺激做出响应,发生结构和性质上的变化,将光、电、热、机械等信号转化为生物化学信号。响应分子是决定智能响应材料响应特性的先决条件,它们在不同刺激条件下(如温度、pH、光、机械应力、电磁场等)的可逆异构化将导致材料的宏观物理和化学性质的动态变化。与传统材料相比,智能响应材料可以可逆地“打开”和“关闭”,具有更好的可调控性。由于引起智能材料响应的刺激信号对其性能具有重要的影响,综述根据施加的刺激种类对智能响应材料进行分类,具体分为外源性响应材料和内源性响应材料,且分别总结了外源性响应材料、内源性响应材料以及内外源共同响应材料在磷酸化肽和糖肽富集方面的工作。此外,综述对智能响应材料在磷酸化肽和糖肽富集方面的发展前景进行了展望,并且提出了智能响应材料在其他蛋白质翻译后修饰方面的应用中存在的挑战。     

重组嗜热β-葡萄糖苷酶转化稀有人参皂苷Rd和CK

利用高效液相色谱(HPLC)法,对重组嗜热β-葡萄糖苷酶(Fpglu1)转化稀有人参皂苷(Rd和CK)进行研究,并表征了其催化动力学参数.利用同源模建和分子动力学模拟等生物信息学技术,探究了Fpglu1转化人参皂苷的结构基础及其相互作用.结果表明,Fpglu1能够水解人参总皂苷生成稀有皂苷Rd和CK,其催化人参皂苷Rb_1,Rb_2和Rc的K_m值分别为0.318,1.840和5.269 mmol/L;酶的转换数(k_(cat))值分别为144.191,0.572和0.011 s~(-1).当转化时间分别为6和102 h时,Rd和CK的产率达到最大,分别为60%和93%.通过对该酶的结构预测及皂苷分子的对接研究发现,底物位于由疏水性氨基酸构成的底物口袋中,氨基酸残基Glu194和Glu367是参与催化作用的关键,且实验测得的酶促反应动力学参数(K_m)与对接的相互作用能量值存在线性关系.     

Effects of Cryoprotective Agents on the Bovine Articular Chondrocyte Viability

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＡｌｌｏｇｒａｆｔｓａｎｄａｕｔｏｇｒａｆｔｓｈａｖｅｂｅｅｎｕｓｅｄｉｎｃｌｉｎｉ ｃａｌｏｐｅｒａｔｉｏｎｓｔｏｒｅｐａｉｒｄａｍａｇｅｄｃａｒｔｉｌａｇｅ .Ｔｈｉｓｐｒａｃ ｔｉｃｅｉｓｏｆｔｅｎｌｉｍｉｔｅｄ ,ｈｏｗｅｖｅｒ ,ｂｙｔｈｅａｖａｉｌａｂｉｌｉｔｙｏｆｃａｒｔｉｌａｇｅｔｉｓｓｕｅ .Ｍｏｒｅｏｖｅｒｉｔｉｓｎｏｔｐｏｓｓｉｂｌｅｔｏｐｒｅｄｉｃｔｗｈｅｎｆｒｅｓｈｈｕｍａｎｔｉｓｓｕｅｓｗｉｌｌｂｅｃｏｍｅａｖａｉｌａｂｌｅ .Ａｐｒｏｍｉｓｉｎｇａｌｔｅ…     

California Lomatiums, Part X. Comparison of composition of the hydrodistilled oils from two subspecies of Lomatium mohavense

The hydrodistilled oils from the fruits as well as the stems/leaves of Lomatium mohavense ssp. longilobum and Lomatium mohavense ssp. mohavense were analysed by GC and GC/MS. The respective oils from L. mohavense ssp. longilobum show (Z)-3-hexenol at 9.3% and 7.5%, β-sinensal at 18.8% and 6.8% and iso-α-sinensal at 18.9% and 19.3% as the major compounds. The corresponding oils from L. mohavense ssp. mohavense show β-phellandrene/limonene at 12.2% and 6.0%, β-elemene at 1.8% and 17.8%, β-caryophyllene at 8.9% and 7.8% and germacrene D at 18.8% and 10.8% as the predominant compounds.     

Analysis of anti-inflammatory dehydrodiisoeugenol and metabolites excreted in rat feces and urine using HPLC-UV

Dehydrodiisoeugenol (DDIE) is a lignan in the fruit of Myristica fragrans. It can be converted into several metabolites in in vitro and in vivo metabolism. In this study, the excretion of DDIE in urine and feces was investigated after intravenous (i.v.) and intragastric (i.g.) administration to rats. DDIE and its metabolites (M-1 and M-2) were measured using HPLC. The amount of DDIE and its metabolites excreted was higher in feces than in urine, suggesting that DDIE and its metabolites are eliminated primarily in the feces. Significant differences in the excretion levels of DDIE and its metabolites were seen between i.v. and i.g. administration. Greater amounts of DDIE and its metabolites were excreted following i.v. administration, suggesting that DDIE can exert a longer period of anti-inflammatory activity following i.g. administration. The accuracy, precision, recovery and stability of the analytical method in this study were satisfactory for the measurement of DDIE and its metabolites in rat urine and feces. Observations made in this study will contribute to understanding of the absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion pathway of DDIE and will aid decision-making regarding the best mode of DDIE administration during treatment to maximize its anti-inflammatory effects.     

剌梨利康饮对汞中毒大鼠汞铜锌含量的影响

用高汞水喂养大鼠８周,复制出慢性汞中毒模型,再分别自由饮用利康饮饮料和腹腔注射二巯基丙磺酸钠３周,探讨剌梨利康饮和二巯基丙磺酸钠对慢性汞中毒大鼠体内汞、铜、锌含量的影响。结果显示：慢性汞中毒引起血清、肝、脑和肾中汞含量升高的同时,引起血清、脑和肾中铜、锌含量及肝中锌含量降低;利康饮可降低血清和肾中汞含量,并可提高血清、脑和肾中铜、锌含量及肝含量;二巯基丙磺酸钠虽可降低血清、肝和肾中汞含量,升高血清     

Carotenoids and their isomers: color pigments in fruits and vegetables

Fruits and vegetables are colorful pigment-containing food sources. Owing to their nutritional benefits and phytochemicals, they are considered as 'functional food ingredients'. Carotenoids are some of the most vital colored phytochemicals, occurring as all-trans and cis-isomers, and accounting for the brilliant colors of a variety of fruits and vegetables. Carotenoids extensively studied in this regard include β-carotene, lycopene, lutein and zeaxanthin. Coloration of fruits and vegetables depends on their growth maturity, concentration of carotenoid isomers, and food processing methods. This article focuses more on several carotenoids and their isomers present in different fruits and vegetables along with their concentrations. Carotenoids and their geometric isomers also play an important role in protecting cells from oxidation and cellular damages.