有序介孔碳CMK-3负载离子液体催化CO2与环氧化物合成环状碳酸酯

采用有序介孔碳CMK-3为载体负载咪唑类离子液体制得CMK-3-IL催化剂,用X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、N2吸附、热重分析和元素分析等手段表征了催化剂样品,并考察了CMK-3-IL催化剂催化CO2与环氧丙烷合成碳酸丙烯酯的反应性能。结果表明,离子液体被成功的负载到CMK-3载体上,CMK-3负载离子液体后孔道结构没有被破坏,但孔体积、孔径和比表面积均有所下降。催化实验表明,在120℃、2 MPa的条件下反应6 h,环氧丙烷转化率达到64%,碳酸丙烯酯选择性高达99%。     

介孔L材料CMK-3对甲基紫的吸附性能

合成了高度有序的具有二维六方(P6mm)结构的介孔碳材料CMK-3;利用X射线衍射分析了CMK-3的晶体结构,利用氮气吸脱附(BET)试验测定了孔体积;测定了CMK-3对水溶液中甲基紫的吸附行为,考察了不同pH、温度及浓度下水溶液中甲基紫的静态吸附行为,并分析了酸性、中性、碱性条件下吸附剂对甲基紫和罗丹明B混合溶液的竞...     

载铜介孔碳CMK-3的制备及其对苯酚的吸附-催化氧化性能

通过一种简易的方法在介孔碳CMK-3的孔道内负载氧化铜粒子制备Cu/CMK-3复合物,利用粉末X射线衍射、氮气吸附-脱附、透射电镜等手段对其进行表征.结果表明,氧化铜均匀地分散在CMK-3孔道中,CMK-3在负载氧化铜后仍有较大的比表面积.考察了载铜CMK-3对水中苯酚的吸附和低温干法催化氧化苯酚性能.吸附和循环使用结果表明,Cu/CMK-3对水中苯酚具有较大的吸附量和良好的催化氧化效率.热重-质谱(TG-MS)联用测试结果表明,吸附的苯酚在180℃左右开始被催化氧化为CO2和水,此时不会造成苯酚的脱附和介孔碳CMK-3的烧蚀.     

介孔碳CMK-3对苯酚的吸附动力学和热力学研究

研究了介孔碳CMK-3对苯酚的吸附性能, 与传统商用活性碳(CAC)进行了比较, 结果表明, CMK-3比CAC的吸附量大、吸附速率快、达到平衡时间短, 是一种较好的吸附剂. 同时探讨了介孔碳CMK-3对苯酚的吸附热力学和动力学特征. CMK-3对苯酚的吸附行为可用Langmuir和Freundlich等温式进行描述, 相关性都较好, 但更符合Freundlich经验公式. 分别采用模拟一阶反应和二阶反应模型考察了吸附动力学, 并计算了这些动力学模型的速率常数. 模拟二级反应模型和实验数据之间有较好的相关性. 分别计算了热力学参数ΔG0, ΔS0和ΔH0, 结果表明, CMK-3对苯酚的吸附过程是吸热和自发的.     

有序介孔碳CMK-3的化学活化及储氢性能

选用KOH、NaOH、H3PO4对有序介孔碳CMK-3进行了活化,通过X射线衍射、低温氮吸附-脱附等对样品进行了表征,发现活化后样品的结构发生了巨大的变化。有序介孔碳CMK-3的有序性逐渐降低,比表面积明显增大,2 nm介孔明显增多。讨论了CMK-3和KOH质量比、活化温度、不同活化剂对活化效果的影响。储氢测试表明活化能够明显提高CMK-3的储氢性能,77K、100 kPa时的储氢性能高达2.32wt%。     

不同孔径的介孔碳分子筛对VB12的吸附性质研究

摘要利用SBA-15为模板, 在不同温度下合成了孔径大小在3.7(CMK-3-100)和6-3 nm(CMK-3-150)之间的介孔碳， 以其作为吸附剂, 研究了它们在水溶液中对VB12的吸附作用. 结果表明, CMK-3-130与CMK-3-100和CMK-3-150相比， 表现出对VB12最大的吸附能力(吸附能力为412.5 mg/g), 这是因为它有比较高的有序结构和比较大的孔容.     

Zn-空气电池中二维与三维结构碳负载Mn3O4的催化性能比较

采用湿法浸渍将Mn3O4负载到不同碳材料的表面, 测试了这些复合材料用于空气电极催化剂的电催化性能. 通过充放电和循环伏安等电化学测试发现, 具有三维孔道结构的介孔碳材料(CMK-3)的催化性能远比二维孔道结构的介孔碳(OMC)的好. 从透射电子显微镜观察发现, 氧化锰粒子均负载在碳的外表面, 位于三维孔道外表面的氧化锰可以与电解液和碳孔道内的氧气同时接触. 这种结构产生了大量有效的三相反应界面, 从而达到良好的催化效果.     

双孔道管状有序介孔炭对维生素B12的吸附缓释性能

通过纳米铸型法,以硅基介孔分子筛SBA-15为模板,糠醇为碳源,草酸作为聚合催化剂合成了具有双孔道管状有序介孔炭CMK-5.利用粉末X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和氮气物理吸附法等对其结构进行了表征.结果表明合成的CMK-5具有有序结构,比表面积和孔容积分别高达1856 m2·g-1和2.10 cm3·g-1,在3.1和5.5nm具有集中的双孔分布.由于独特的双孔道结构特点,CMK-5在120 min内快速吸附维生素B12至平衡,吸附量高达943 mg·g-1,远高于商用活性炭.CMK-5吸附维生素B12后可以直接用于缓释,动态缓释浓度维持在～9 mg·L-1,适用于维生素B12分子在人体内的缓释.     

基于环糊精的介孔碳材料的制备及催化性能

以羟丙基-β-环糊精为结构导向剂,正硅酸乙酯为硅前驱物,通过高氯酸铵氧化联合硬模板技术合成了一系列孔径可调的介孔碳材料.采用氮气吸附-脱附实验、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线衍射分析仪(XRD)和傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)对碳材料的结构和表面化学性质进行了表征;并以水合肼还原对硝基甲苯反应为模型,研究了介孔碳材料对硝基芳烃还原反应的催化性能.实验结果表明,所得材料具有蠕虫状孔系结构,有较高的比表面积和孔容、较窄的孔径分布范围、较多的含氧官能团和较高的催化活性;且以高氯酸铵室温氧化合成的介孔碳的催化活性最高,产物收率达到88.48%;介孔碳循环使用4次后仍然保持良好的催化活性.     

不同温度烧制介孔碳作为直接甲醇燃料电池催化剂载体

以嵌段共聚物P123为模板制备介孔氧化硅SBA-15, 并以此SBA-15为模板, 以蔗糖为碳源在不同的温度下(600-900 °C)制备介孔碳CMK-3. 采用浸渍还原法, 以硼氢化钠为还原剂, 制备介孔碳载Pt电催化剂, 即20% (w) Pt/CMK-3. 利用循环伏安法(CV)、计时电流法等测试电催化剂对甲醇的催化氧化性能及稳定性. 预吸附单层CO溶出伏安法研究测试催化剂抗CO中毒能力. 结果表明在烧制温度为900 °C时制备的介孔碳载Pt催化剂具有最好的催化性能和稳定性, 而在烧制温度为700 °C时制备的介孔碳载Pt催化剂对CO有较低的溶出电位.     

Removal of uranium(VI) from aqueous solutions by nanoporous carbon and its chelating polymer composite

High surface area, ordered nanoporous carbon (CMK-3) and its chelating polymer composites were successfully prepared and utilized for the removal of U(VI) from aqueous solutions. Carboxymethylated polyethyleneimine (CMPEI) with a strong chelating property was introduced to the pore surface and inner pores of CMK-3 substrate. CMPEI-modified CMK-3 composite (CMPEI/CMK-3) was characterized by scanning electron microscopy and nitrogen sorption. U(VI) sorption capacity was significantly improved by the surface modification of CMK-3 by CMPEI. The CMPEI/CMK-3 showed enormously increased sorption capacities, compared with those of previous sorbents (e.g., surface-functionalized silicas). In particular, the CMPEI/CMK-3 showed a significantly high uranium retention property while allowing only about 1% U(VI) to leach out over a 4 month time period, when treated with polyacrylic acid.     

In situ introduction of dispersed metallic Ag nanoparticles into the channels of mesoporous carbon CMK-3

An in situ reduction method has been developed to fabricate metallic Ag nanoparticles inside the channels of mesoporous carbon CMK-3.This approach combines function of the CMK-3 surface by oxidation using HNO_3 with the subsequent absorption of Ag~ . The resultant nanocomposite materials were characterized by nitrogen adsorption,X-ray diffraction,Auger electron spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy.Compared with the conventional impregnation method,our approach shows that Ag nanoparticles of 2-4 nm can be uniformly incorporated into CMK-3.     

High-performance titanium dioxide photocatalyst on ordered mesoporous carbon support

Anatase TiO₂ photocatalysts supported with the ordered mesoporous carbon, CMK-3, were synthesized by the incorporation of TiO₂ into CMK-3 followed by heating at 700 °C. The structural properties of the TiO₂ on CMK-3 were investigated by X-ray diffraction, nitrogen physisorption and electron microscopy techniques. In particular, TiO₂ was observed both inside and the external surface of CMK-3. The photocatalytic activity of TiO₂ on CMK-3 under UV-light exhibited higher efficiency in removing the Rhodamine 6G dye solution than the commercial photocatalyst P25 and TiO₂ on activated carbon. It was attributed to the synergistic effect of large surface area adsorption provided by mesoporous CMK-3 and the distinctive location of TiO₂ on the external surface of CMK-3.     

化学气相沉积法合成Fe/CMK-5及其对溶菌素的吸附性能

以SBA-15为模板,二茂铁为碳源,利用化学气相沉积(CVD)法合成了Fe/CMK-5复合材料.用粉末X射线衍射、低温N2吸附、热重分析、透射电镜等对复合材料进行了表征.结果表明复合材料中碳以CMK-5结构存在,Fe颗粒均匀地分布在CMK-5的骨架中,通过调节CVD时间可改变Fe/CMK-5的结构参数.在pH值为11的缓冲溶液中研究了Fe/CMK-5系列复合材料对溶菌素(lysozyme)的吸附性能,考察了溶菌素在Fe/CMK-5孔道内部的结构稳定性以及在不同pH值溶液中的泄露量.     

Chromium-based metal–organic framework/mesoporous carbon composite: synthesis,characterization and CO<Subscript>2</Subscript> adsorption

New composites of a water-stable chromium-based metal organic framework MIL-101 and mesoporous carbon CMK-3 were in situ synthesized with different ratios of MIL-101 and CMK-3 using the hydrothermal method. The composites as well as the parent materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction, thermo gravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope and nitrogen/carbon dioxide adsorption isotherms. The hybrid material possesses the same crystal structure and morphology as its parent MIL-101, and exhibits an enhancement in CO₂ adsorption uptakes when compared to MIL-101 and CMK-3. The increase in CO₂ uptakes was attributed to the combined effect of the formation of additional micropores, the enhancement of micropore volume and the activation of unsaturated metal sites by CMK-3 incorporation.     

Adsorption of aqueous alkylphenol ethoxylate surfactants by mesoporous carbon CMK-3

Mesoporous carbon, CMK-3, was prepared using hexagonal SBA-15 mesoporous silica as the template and the adsorption of nonylphenol ethoxylates (NPE) onto CMK-3 was investigated. The adsorption process was well described using pseudo-second-order kinetics. At initial NPE concentrations of 107 and 530 mg l(-1), the adsorption rate constants were found to be 5.6 x 10(-3) and 8.7 x 10(-4) g mg(-1) min(-1), indicating that a higher initial concentration or adsorption amount resulted in a lower adsorption rate. NPE adsorption onto CMK-3 fitted a Langmuir-Freundlich model and the maximum amounts of NPE absorbed at 15, 25, and 35 degrees C were 923, 720, and 463 mg g(-1), suggesting an elevated adsorption capacity of CMK-3 for NPE with decreased adsorption temperature. In addition, increasing adsorption temperature led to the change of the adsorption model from the Langmuir-Freundlich to the Langmuir model. N2 adsorption results showed that the adsorption of NPE led to a decrease in the mesopore volume of CMK-3. However, the pore width of NPE-loaded CMK-3 was found to be identical to that of CMK-3.