浊点萃取-火焰原子吸收光谱法测定淡水鱼中痕量铅

采用以双硫腙为络合剂、Triton X-100为表面活性剂的新型浊点萃取体系富集淡水鱼中的痕量铅,并用火焰原子吸收光谱法对其进行测定。探讨了溶液pH、表面活性剂浓度、络合剂用量、平衡温度、平衡时间等对浊点萃取及测定灵敏度的影响,优化了实验条件。在最佳条件下测得铅的检出限为0.090μg/L,校准曲线相关系数为0.9999。该方法已用于淡水鱼中痕量铅的测定。     

正辛醇诱导低温浊点萃取-火焰原子吸收法测定环境样品中痕量铟

利用适量正辛醇可以显著降低非离子表面活性剂Triton X-100浊点的特性,以8-羟基喹啉为螯合试剂,建立了一种醇诱导低温浊点萃取-火焰原子吸收测定痕量铟的新方法。探讨了不同因素对萃取效率的影响。研究表明在加入1.5 mL正辛醇后,Triton X-100的浊点可以降至35℃。最佳萃取条件为:pH 6.0,0.01 mol/L 8-羟基喹啉溶液1.0 mL,体积分数15%Triton X-100溶液0.8 mL,平衡温度40℃,平衡时间30 min。在最佳条件下,铟的富集倍数为42,检出限为0.56μg/L。利用该方法对标准水系沉积物和环境样品中的铟进行了萃取富集与测定。     

浊点萃取-荧光光度法测定苯酚

基于非离子表面活性剂TritonX-100,以浊点萃取结合荧光光度法测定水中的苯酚,考察影响浊点萃取的各种因素。最佳实验条件为：pH=3.0的磷酸氢二钠-磷酸二氢钾缓冲溶液中,5%的TritonX-100用量2.0mL、平衡温度82℃、平衡时间8min。在此条件下,苯酚被萃取到TritonX-100表面活性剂相与水相分开。     

浊点萃取-火焰原子吸收光谱法测定消食类中草药中的铅

建立了浊点萃取-火焰原子吸收光谱法测定4种消食类中草药中Pb含量的方法。以双硫腙为络合剂、非离子表面活性剂聚乙二醇辛基苯基醚(Triton X-100)为萃取剂,采用浊点萃取-火焰原子吸收光谱法联用,测定4种消食类中草药中Pb的含量,探讨溶液p H、表面活性剂用量、络合剂用量、平衡温度、平衡时间、干扰离子等条件对浊点萃取率的影响。最佳条件下,富集倍数为21倍,方法的检出限为0.16μg/L,校准曲线相关系数为0.9995;RSD≤1.7%(n=11),回收率在96.5%~98.1%之间。方法已用于4种消食类中草药中Pb的测定。     

浊点萃取-火焰原子吸收光谱法测定矿渣中痕量金

研究了以双硫腙为络合剂,以非离子型表面活性剂Triton X-100为萃取剂的浊点萃取-火焰原子吸收光谱法(CPE-FAAS)测定痕量金(Ⅲ)的新方法。详细考察了溶液的pH值、络合剂和表面活性剂浓度、平衡温度和时间等条件对浊点萃取效果的影响。该方法的线性范围为0.05~0.8μg/mL,检出限为7.9 ng/mL,相对标准偏差为4.12%(n=11),回收率在98.0%~102.0%之间,用于矿渣中金的测定,结果满意。     

浊点萃取-火焰原子吸收光谱法测定样品中的痕量钴

研究了基于表面活性剂Triton X-114和络合剂吡咯烷二硫代氨基甲酸铵（APDC）浊点萃取钴的样品前处理方法.优化了浊点萃取条件参数,包括pH值、Triton X-114用量、APDC浓度、平衡温度及时间等,建立了浊点萃取-火焰原子吸收光谱法测定痕量钴的方法.该法的检测限（3σ）为2.6μg/L,相对标准偏差RSD为6.2%（n=7,c=200μg/L）.该法成功地应用于海带、维生素B12注射液等样品中钴的测定.     

ABTT浊点萃取分光光度法测定水样中镉

利用非离子表面活性剂Triton X-114在温度高于其浊点时形成相分离行为,建立了浊点萃取-分光光度法测定水样中痕量镉的新方法,优化了以1-偶氮苯-3-噻唑-三氮烯(ABTT)为显色剂,Triton X-114浊点萃取富集痕量镉的实验条件.在最大吸收波长λ=520 nm,其表观摩尔吸光系数为6.84×105L·mol...     

浊点萃取-原子吸收光谱法测定塑料中的痕量铜

建立了以1-(2-吡啶偶氮)-2-萘酚(PAN)为络合剂、Triton X-100为表面活性剂的浊点萃取-原子吸收光谱法测定痕量铜的分析方法。探讨了溶液的pH、络合剂和表面活性剂用量、平衡温度和平衡时间等因素对浊点萃取的影响。最佳条件下,线性方程为Y=0.1049X+0.0016,相关系数为0.9988,检出限为0.7μg/L,相对偏差为2.3%,富集倍数为15倍。用该方法对几种塑料制品中的痕量铜进行测定,回收率为97.5%～101.9%。     

浊点萃取-石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定痕量钯

建立了浊点萃取-石墨炉原子吸收光谱法(GFAAS)测定痕量金属钯的新方法,利用表面活性剂Triton X-114和络合剂2-(5-溴-2-吡啶偶氮)-5-二甲氨基苯胺(5-Br-PADMA)对钯进行浊点萃取。研究了溶液pH、试剂浓度、平衡温度和加热时间等因素对浊点萃取及测定灵敏度的影响。优化条件为:pH 5.50 HAc-NaAc缓冲,0.08 mL 5×10-4 mol/L 5-Br-PADMA,0.70 mL10g/L Triton X-114。在最佳条件下,方法的线性范围为0.1～10 ng/mL,钯的检出限为0.068 ng/mL,富集倍率为45倍。该方法可用于环境样品中痕量钯的富集和测定,结果令人满意。     

1-亚硝基-2-萘酚浊点萃取-火焰原子吸收光谱法对水样中痕量铁的测定

采用以1-亚硝基-2-萘酚为螯合剂、Triton X-114为表面活性剂的新型浊点萃取体系富集水中的痕量铁,并用火焰原子吸收光谱法对铁进行测定。详细探讨了溶液pH值、表面活性剂浓度、络合剂浓度、平衡温度、平衡时间等对浊点萃取及测定灵敏度的影响,优化了实验条件。在最佳条件下测得铁的检出限（S／N=3）为0．42μg·L^-1,富集倍数为32,校准曲线相关系数为0．996。应用该法测定海水、湖水及自来水中的痕量铁,结果满意。     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

A carbanion induced synthesis of highly congested pyrazole and imidazole containing heterocycles

An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo- and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines via modified Pictet–Spengler reaction

An efficient tandem approach for the selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 6a–g and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 7a–h by the reaction of 2-imidazolyl anilines 4a–c with aryl aldehydes 5a–k under mild reaction conditions is described. Introduction of electron releasing alkyl groups in substrates 4a–b was found to be instrumental for the success of the reaction.     

Understanding the Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-azaborine analogues

The Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-heteroborines (H₄C₄B(H)X, X?=?NH, PH, AsH; O, S, Se) has been computationally explored by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The influence of the HB?=?X fragment on the reactivity of the system has been quantitatively analyzed in detail by means of the so-called Activation Strain Model (ASM) of reactivity. It is found that the interaction between these species and the dienophile is significantly stronger than that computed for their all-carbon isoelectronic counterpart, benzene. In addition, the strain energy plays a key role in the observed reactivity trends. The role of the aromaticity strength of these heteroarenes on the reactivity is also assessed.