共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 130 毫秒
1.
以α-环柠檬醛(1)为A环合成子,以季盐(2)为C环合成子,经缩合及分子内环化反应得到关键中间体(5).为引入乙基,进行了Friedel-Crafts反应和脱氧反应等,共经7步反应得到了(±)-12-乙基-13-甲氧基-8,11,13-罗汉松三烯-7-酮[(±)-nimbonone](9)及(±)-12-乙基-13-甲氧基-8,11,13-罗汉松三烯(10). 相似文献
2.
采用两种方法合成了天然产物Myceliothermophin E片断(Z)-5-(2-甲基亚丙基)-3-吡咯啉-2-酮(1).方法一是以链状化合物为原料通过改良的HWE反应制备顺式α,β-不饱和酯;再经分子内亲核取代反应进行环合、消除反应制得1;方法二则以吡咯为原料,经Mukaiyama Aldol反应引入C5-位取代基,再经过消除反应制得1.(E)-11(合成1的中间体)与无水乙醛进行Baylis-HiUman反应,为Myceliothermophin E的全合成提供了一个可能的模型反应. 相似文献
3.
4.
5.
以2-氨基-6-甲基苯甲酸为起始原料,通过合环反应生成两种4-氧代-3(4H)-喹唑啉-5-羧酸衍生物(1a, 1b), 1a, 1b分别经高锰酸钾氧化合成了4-氧代-3(4H)-喹唑啉-5-羧酸(2a, 2b),其结构经1H NMR, 13C NMR和MS表征。研究了投料比{r[n(高锰酸钾) :n(5-甲基-3(4H)-喹唑啉-4-酮)]}和反应温度等对收率的影响。结果表明:在最佳反应条件(r=7:1,中性高锰酸钾氧化,于90 ℃反应)下合成2总收率可达66%。 相似文献
6.
7.
8.
酵母发酵液直接催化4-氯-乙酰乙酸乙酯不对称还原生成4-氯-3-羟基-丁酸乙酯 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
考察了面包酵母发酵液直接催化4-氯-乙酰乙酸乙酯(COBE)的不对称还原反应,并进行了手性添加物的筛选和反应条件的优化实验. 结果表明,以β-环糊精为手性添加物时,酵母发酵液催化COBE不对称还原生成光活性产物(S)-4-氯-3-羟基-丁酸乙酯((S)-CHBE)的产率和ee值分别高达76%和92%. 在一定条件下,增大β-环糊精浓度,有利于(S)-CHBE的生成. 最佳酵母菌培养时间为16~18 h, 最佳反应温度和pH值分别为29~31 ℃和7.2. 相似文献
9.
10.
11.
Random poly(3‐hexylthiophene‐co‐3‐cyanothiophene‐co‐3‐(2‐ethylhexyl)thiophene) copolymers with high open‐circuit voltage in polymer solar cells 下载免费PDF全文
Andrey E. Rudenko Petr P. Khlyabich Barry C. Thompson 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2016,54(11):1526-1536
For the purpose of developing poly(3‐hexylthiophene) (P3HT) based copolymers with deep‐lying highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) levels for polymer solar cells with high open‐circuit voltage (Voc), we report a combined approach of random incorporation of 3‐cyanothiophene (CNT) and 3‐(2‐ethylhexyl)thiophene (EHT) units into the P3HT backbone. This strategy is designed to overcome CNT content limitations in recently reported P3HT‐CNT copolymers, where incorporation of more than 15% of CNT into the polymer backbone leads to impaired polymer solubility and raises the HOMO level. This new approach allows incorporation of a larger CNT content, reaching even lower‐lying HOMO levels. Importantly, a very low HOMO level of ?5.78 eV was obtained, representing one of the lowest HOMO values for exclusively thiophene‐based polymers. Lower HOMO levels result in higher Voc and higher power conversion efficiencies (PCE) compared to the previously reported P3HT‐CNT copolymers containing only 3‐hexylthiophene and CNT units. As a result, solar cells based on P3HT‐CNT‐EHT(15:15) , which contains 70% of P3HT, 15% of CNT and 15% of EHT, yield a Voc of 0.83 V in blends with PC61BM while preserving high fill factor (FF) and high short‐circuit current density (Jsc), resulting in 3.6% PCE. Additionally, we explored the effect of polymer number‐average molecular weight (Mn) on the optoelectronic properties and solar cell performance for the example of P3HT‐CNT‐EHT(15:15). The organic photovoltaic (OPV) performance improves with polymer Mn increasing from 3.4 to 6.7 to 9.6 kDa and then it declines as Mn further increases to 9.9 and to 16.2 kDa. The molecular weight study highlights the importance of not only the solar cell optimization, but also the significance of individual polymer properties optimization, in order to fully explore the potential of any given polymer in OPVs. The broader ramification of this study lies in potential application of these high band gap copolymers with low‐lying HOMO level in the development of ternary blend photovoltaics as well as tandem OPV. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2016 , 54, 1526–1536 相似文献
12.
The oxidant‐free dehydrogenation of n‐pentanol over copper based catalysts was investigated in this paper. The effect of metal modification on the activity and stability of the copper catalyst supported on γ‐Al2O3 and La2O3 (Cu/γ‐Al2O3‐La2O3) was clarified and a Cr modified Cu/Al2O3‐La2O3 (Cu‐Cr/γ‐Al2O3‐La2O3) showed the best catalytic performance. The conversion of n‐pentanol was 70.0% and the selectivity for n‐pentanal increased to 97.1% over Cu‐Cr/γ‐Al2O3‐La2O3. X‐ray diffraction and temperature programmed reduction of H2 indicated that the addition of Cr favors the formation and reduction of the copper oxide, and the dispersion of the active Cu0 species, accounting for the good activity and stability of this catalyst. Furthermore, the lower amount of acidic sites in Cu‐Cr/γ‐Al2O3‐La2O3 is suggested to suppress the dehydration in oxidant‐free dehydrogenation of n‐pentanol, accounting for the higher selectivity for n‐pentanal. 相似文献
13.
Novel and Stereospecific Synthesis of (2S)‐3‐(2,4,5‐Trifluorophenyl)propane‐1,2‐diol from D‐Mannitol 下载免费PDF全文
Derya Aktaş Meryem Fıstıkçı Özlem Gündoğdu Hasan Seçen M. Fethi Şahin Ramazan Altundaş Yunus Kara 《Helvetica chimica acta》2015,98(8):1127-1131
A stereospecific synthesis of (2S)‐3‐(2,4,5‐trifluorophenyl)propane‐1,2‐diol from D ‐mannitol has been developed. The reaction of 2,3‐O‐isopropylidene‐D ‐glyceraldehyde with 2,4,5‐trifluorophenylmagnesium bromide gave [(4R)‐2,2‐dimethyl‐1,3‐dioxolan‐4‐yl](2,4,5‐trifluorophenyl)methanol in 65% yield as a mixture of diastereoisomers (1 : 1). The Ph3P catalyzed reaction of the latter with C2Cl6 followed by reduction with Pd/C‐catalyzed hydrogenation gave (2S)‐3‐(2,4,5‐trifluorophenyl)propane‐1,2‐diol with >99% ee and 65% yield. 相似文献
14.
Prof. Dr. Yasunori Yamamoto Masaaki Yohda Tomohiko Shirai Prof. Dr. Hajime Ito Prof. Dr. Norio Miyaura 《化学:亚洲杂志》2012,7(10):2446-2449
A chiral O‐linked C2‐symmetric bidentate phosphoramidite (Me‐BIPAM) was found to be efficient for the ruthenium‐catalyzed addition of arylboronic acids to isatins. Asymmetric synthesis of 3‐aryl‐3‐hydroxy‐2‐oxindoles by 1,2‐addition of arylboronic acids to isatins was carried out in the presence of [RuCl2(PPh3)3]/(R,R)‐Me‐BIPAM and KF, resulting in an enantioselectivity as high as 90 % ee. It was found that the reaction with N‐protected isatins proceeds with high yields and good enantioselectivities. The best protective groups on the nitrogen atom were different depending on the substituents on the aromatic ring. The use of a N‐benzyl group resulted in excellent enantioselectivities in many substrates compared with other groups. 相似文献
15.
Musa Özil Fatih İslamoğlu Emre Menteşe Bahittin Kahveci 《Helvetica chimica acta》2010,93(10):1967-1974
The novel 4‐amino‐ or 4‐aryl‐substituted 2,4‐dihydro‐5‐[(4‐trifluoromethyl)phenyl]‐3H‐1,2,4‐triazol‐3‐ones 3a – 3g were synthesized by reaction of N‐(ethoxycarbonyl)‐4‐(trifluoromethyl)benzenehydrazonic acid ethyl ester ( 2 ) and primary amines or hydrazine by microwave irradiation. Compounds 3a – 3g were potentiometrically titrated with tetrabutylammonium hydroxide (Bu4NOH) in four nonaqueous solvents, i.e., iPrOH, tBuOH, MeCN, and N,N‐dimethylformamide (DMF). Also half‐neutralization potential values and the corresponding pKa values were determined in all cases. 相似文献
16.
The reaction of 1H‐imidazole‐4‐carbohydrazides 1 , which are conveniently accessible by treatment of the corresponding esters with NH2NH2?H2O, with isothiocyanates in refluxing EtOH led to thiosemicarbazides (=hydrazinecarbothioamides) 4 in high yields (Scheme 2). Whereas 4 in boiling aqueous NaOH yielded 2,4‐dihydro‐3H‐1,2,4‐triazole‐3‐thiones 5 , the reaction in concentrated H2SO4 at room temperature gave 1,3,4‐thiadiazol‐2‐amines 6 . Similarly, the reaction of 1 with butyl isocyanate led to semicarbazides 7 , which, under basic conditions, undergo cyclization to give 2,4‐dihydro‐3H‐1,2,4‐triazol‐3‐ones 8 (Scheme 3). Treatment of 1 with Ac2O yielded the diacylhydrazine derivatives 9 exclusively, and the alternative isomerization of 1 to imidazol‐2‐ones was not observed (Scheme 4). It is important to note that, in all these transformations, the imidazole N‐oxide residue is retained. Furthermore, it was shown that imidazole N‐oxides bearing a 1,2,4‐triazole‐3‐thione or 1,3,4‐thiadiazol‐2‐amine moiety undergo the S‐transfer reaction to give bis‐heterocyclic 1H‐imidazole‐2‐thiones 11 by treatment with 2,2,4,4‐tetramethylcyclobutane‐1,3‐dithione (Scheme 5). 相似文献
17.
Kazuhiro Kobayashi Taketoshi Kozuki Manami Konishi Teruhiko Suzuki Miyuki Tanmatsu Hisatoshi Konishi 《Helvetica chimica acta》2011,94(7):1234-1238
The reaction of aryl(3‐isocyanopyridin‐4‐yl)methanones 1 , easily prepared from commercially available pyridin‐3‐amine, with aryl Grignard reagents gave, after aqueous workup, 2,3‐diaryl‐3H‐pyrrolo[2,3‐c]pyridin‐3‐ols 2 . These rather unstable alcohols were O‐acylated with Ac2O in pyridine in the presence of a catalytic amount of 4‐(dimethylamino)pyridine (DMAP) to afford the corresponding 2,3‐diaryl‐3H‐pyrrolo[2,3‐c]pyridin‐3‐yl acetates 3 in relatively good yields. 相似文献
18.
Synthesis of 3‐(ω‐Hydroxyalkoxy)isobenzofuran‐1(3H)‐ones by Trifluoroacetic Acid‐Mediated Lactonization of tert‐Butyl 2‐(1,3‐Dioxol‐2‐yl)‐ or 2‐(1,3‐Dioxan‐2‐yl)benzoates 下载免费PDF全文
An efficient two‐step method for the preparation of 3‐(2‐hydroxyethoxy)‐ or 3‐(3‐hydroxypropoxy)isobenzofuran‐1(3H)‐ones 3 has been developed. Thus, the reaction of 1‐(1,3‐dioxol‐2‐yl)‐ or 1‐(1,3‐dioxan‐2‐yl)‐2‐lithiobenzenes, generated in situ by the treatment of 1‐bromo‐2‐(1,3‐dioxol‐2‐yl)‐ or 1‐bromo‐2‐(1,3‐dioxan‐2‐yl)benzenes 1 with BuLi in THF at ?78°, with (Boc)2O afforded tert‐butyl 2‐(1,3‐dioxol‐2‐yl)‐ or 2‐(1,3‐dioxan‐2‐yl)benzoates 2 , which can subsequently undergo facile lactonization on treatment with CF3COOH (TFA) in CH2Cl2 at 0° to give the desired products in reasonable yields. 相似文献
19.
《中国化学》2017,35(7):1133-1140
The novel fungicidal agents, (E )‐5‐[1‐(2‐oxo‐1‐oxaspiro[4,5]dec/non‐3‐en‐3‐yl)ethylidene]‐2‐aminoimidazolin‐ 4‐one derivatives, were designed and synthesized in moderate to excellent yields in four steps using α ‐hydroxyketone and diketene as raw materials and characterized by HR‐ESI‐MS , 1H NMR and X‐ray diffraction. The preliminary bioassay showed that some of these compounds, such as 5e , 6a , 6e , and 7 h exhibit 87.8%, 91.3%, 89.9% and 87.8% inhibition rates against Sclerotinia scleotiorum , 3b , 3c , 4c and 7 h exhibit 96.4%, 92.5%, 90.3% and 76.9% inhibition rates against Phytophthora capsici at the concentration of 50 µg/mL , respectively. These compounds exhibited significant fungicidal activities against S. scleotiorum and P. capsici with EC50 values of 2.56–11.60 µg/mL , and compounds 6e and 7 h exhibited weak inhibition against the spore germination of S. scleotiorum , while the spore germination of P. capsici was strongly inhibited by compound 7 h solution. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM ) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM ) observation indicated that compound 7 h had a significant impact on the structure and function of the hyphal cell wall of P. capsici mycelium. 相似文献
20.
Asymmetric reduction of 2‐chloro‐3‐oxo esters was achieved by catalytic transfer hydrogenation using [RuCl2(p‐cymene)](S,S)‐TsDPEN as the chiral catalyst and HCOOH‐Et3N as the hydrogen source. Moderate to good yields (up to 85%) and good enantioselectivities (up to 98% ee) were obtained. 相似文献