双亲性光敏感遥爪聚合物C-PNIPAAm的合成与性能

以7-羟基-4-甲基香豆素为原料,依次与环氧氯丙烷、二硫化钠反应得一含香豆素基元的二硫化物(C-S-S-C),并以其与三丁基膦复合体系为链转移剂,偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)为引发剂,N-异丙基丙烯酰胺(NIPAAm)为单体制备了末端为香豆素光响应基元的双亲性遥爪聚合物(C-PNIPAAm).用傅里叶变换红外(FT-IR)光谱、凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)、氢核磁共振(1H-NMR)等对该聚合物进行了结构表征.研究显示该双亲性遥爪聚合物可在水中直接形成胶束,并以荧光素为疏水性客体考察了聚合物胶束的光控释放行为.在波长大于310 nm的紫外光照射下,聚合物链末端的香豆素单元可进行光二聚,胶束结构随之改变,因而所负载的荧光素可得到逐步有效释放.动态激光光散射(DLS)检测显示,光二聚反应使聚合物胶束平均粒径从56.6 nm增大至101.0 nm.     

β-环糊精和遥爪聚合物C-PDMAEMA的包结行为

以香豆素二硫化物(C-S-S-C)/三丁基膦(Bu3P)复合体系为链转移剂,甲基丙烯酸-N,N-二甲氨基乙酯(DMAEMA)为单体,偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)为引发剂制备了末端为香豆素光响应基元的双亲性遥爪聚合物(C-PDMAEMA).用傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)光谱仪、凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)、核磁共振氢谱(1H-NMR)等对该聚合物进行了结构表征.并用紫外-可见吸收光谱和荧光光谱及光二聚反应考察了β-环糊精与香豆素端基的包结络合行为.研究表明:β-环糊精与香豆素端基足以1∶1形式进行包结,其包结常数K=(1.270+0.062)x104 L·mol-1;光二聚反应实验表明该包结络合作用处于一快速平衡中,其对香豆素端基光二聚反应的影响甚微.     

光敏感遥爪聚合物——聚4-乙烯基吡啶的制备及其溶液性质

以香豆素二硫化物(C-S-S-C)/三丁基膦(Bu₃P)/H₂O复合体系为链转移剂, 偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)为引发剂, 4-乙烯基吡啶为单体制备了末端含有疏水性香豆素光响应基元的光敏感遥爪聚合物(聚4-乙烯基吡啶(C-P4VP)). 用傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)光谱、凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)、氢核磁共振(¹H-NMR)等对该聚合物进行了结构表征. 研究显示该遥爪聚合物可在不同pH值(pH=3-6)的酸性水溶液中自组装成胶束, 且随体系酸值的降低, 聚合物胶束结构由松散变为紧密, 同时香豆素端基的光二聚反应程度呈现先下降后上升的趋势.     

光敏感三臂星形聚[甲基丙烯酸2-(二甲氨基)乙酯]的合成及其光敏性能研究

以香豆素为光敏感基元,通过多步反应制备了三臂ATRP引发剂C-Br3,然后以CuBr/PMDETA为催化体系、甲基丙烯酸2-(二甲氨基)乙酯(DMAEMA)为单体,ATRP聚合法制备了三臂星形聚合物C-(PDMAEMA)3.用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)、紫外-可见光分光光度计(UV-Vis)和核磁共振仪(1H-NMR)等对C-Br3及聚合物进行了结构表征.研究表明,该三臂星形聚合物可在水中直接形成胶束,且该聚合物可在365和254 nm交替紫外光照下发生可逆光二聚反应.纳米粒度跟踪显示,光照前其胶束粒径为(87.7±27.8)nm、呈高斯分布;而在365和254 nm光反应后,聚合物胶束粒径大小与分布仅发生微弱变化.这可能是因为在光二聚反应前后,聚合物的双亲结构变化微弱所致.     

前体法制备单分散遥爪聚乙炔

合成了苯基乙烯基亚砜 (PVSO) ,并以萘 碱金属作为引发剂、丁二酸酐作为终止剂 ,进行阴离子聚合 ,制备出单分散、端羧酸盐的苯基乙烯基亚砜的遥爪聚合物 ,聚合物的功能度基本在 1 6 0以上 .在真空加热条件下 ,聚苯基乙烯基亚砜发生侧基热消除反应 ,从而获得末端为羧酸盐的遥爪聚乙炔     

α-环糊精修饰型香豆素的设计合成

以环氧氯丙烷为桥接,利用水溶性α-环糊精(α-CD)进行7-羟基-4-甲基香豆素的功能化修饰,得到新型α-环糊精修饰型香豆素衍生物(α-CD-C).用傅里叶变换红外(FT-IR)光谱、氢核磁共振(1H NMR)、液质联用(LC-MS)等对该香豆素衍生物进行了结构表征.紫外光二聚实验表明,该α-环糊精修饰型香豆素可在365 nm光照下进行光二聚反应,且可在随后的254 nm光照下进行解二聚反应;同时通过比较该交替光照下的光二聚反应程度,可知该光二聚反应仅是部分可逆的.     

光交联Pickering乳液中的粒子稳定剂制备胶体体微胶囊

研究了光敏性聚合物刷修饰二氧化硅纳米粒子的制备及其乳化行为, 提供了一种制备新颖“胶体体”微胶囊的方法. 首先, 在二氧化硅纳米粒子表面引入原子转移自由基聚合(ATRP)引发剂分子, 通过表面引发ATRP得到含有香豆素侧基聚合物刷光敏性的纳米二氧化硅粒子(SiO₂-PMMA-PCMA); 然后, 以该粒子为乳化剂制备油包水型的皮克林乳液; 最后, 在紫外光的照射下引发香豆素侧基的交联反应从而得到“胶体体”微胶囊. 结果表明, 香豆素单体7-(2-甲基丙烯酰乙氧基)-4-甲基香豆素(CMA)和SiO₂-PMMA-PCMA在紫外光作用下都可以发生交联反应, 以SiO₂-PMMA- PCMA纳米粒子作乳化剂可以制备稳定的皮克林乳液, 光交联后得到的“胶体体”微胶囊的平均粒径约为170 μm.     

两亲性六臂星型端氨基PEG-PLGA的合成、表征及胶束化行为

采用本体开环聚合法,以乙交酯(GA)和DL-丙交酯(DLA)为原料,肌醇为引发剂,合成了一系列不同分子量的六臂星型聚乳酸聚乙醇酸(PLGA)(6-s-PLGA50,6-s-PLGA100,6-s-PLGA200,其中50,100,200为原料与引发剂的摩尔比),采用羧基化反应对其端基进行羧化处理.以聚乙二醇4000(PEG4000)为原料用对甲苯磺酰化法得到sTO-PEG-OTs,再进行氨解得到双端氨基PEG(H2N-PEG-NH2).末端羧基6-s-PLGAx通过N-环己基碳二亚胺(DCC)缩合反应与双端氨基PEG连接得到两亲性星型六臂结构的聚合物(6-s-PLGAx-PEG-NH2).分别用核磁共振氢谱法(1H NMR)、凝胶排阻色谱法(GPC)及差示热量热分析法(DSC)等手段对6-s-PLGAx和6-s-PLGAx-PEG-NH2进行了表征.以6-s-PLGA100-PEG-NH2聚合物为例,自组装得到空白的纳米粒子,并用透射电子显微镜法(TEM)和动态光散射法(DLS)考察了粒子的表面形态以及粒径分布特征,用1H NMR分析了胶束的"核-壳"结构.用噻唑蓝四氮唑溴化物(MTT)比色法探讨了该两亲性材料的体外细胞毒性.研究结果表明,合成了不同分子量的两亲性六臂星型端氨基PEG-PLGA,该两亲性聚合物可自组装形成纳米胶束,粒径范围在40～60 nm,与PLGA相比体外细胞毒性无显著性差异.     

光敏感双亲性梳状SMA聚合物的合成及其胶束化

以含香豆素型苯乙烯类光敏单体(coumarin-containing styrene monomer, CS)与苯乙烯(St)、马来酸酐(MA)为反应单体, 以偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)为引发剂制备了光敏感三元苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物(SMA)双亲交替聚合物P(St/CS-alt-MA), 再利用羧酸酐基元与正辛胺的室温胺解反应获得光敏感双亲性梳状聚合物P(St/CS-alt-MAA8). 用傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)、1H核磁共振(1H-NMR)等对该双亲梳状聚合物进行结构表征. 通过香豆素基元的光二聚作用, 使梳状聚合物溶解在DMSO中进行光照预交联; 非交联与预交联聚合物分别在选择性溶剂中自组装形成胶束; 利用羧酸基元与NaOH的离子化作用改变聚合物胶束的亲疏水性质. 动态激光光散射(DLS)与芘荧光探针实验表明预交联聚合物胶束较非交联胶束粒径大, 负载芘的能力强; 离子化作用使聚合物胶束解离重组成粒径更小的胶束, 但预交联胶束较非交联胶束小, 离子化后胶束疏水微区更加紧密, 负载芘的能力也增大.     

7-羟基-4-甲基-8-(4'-甲基哌嗪-1'-基)-亚甲基香豆素的光二聚行为

通过Mannich反应在7-羟基-4-甲基香豆素的8-位上引入具有pH响应性能的4-甲基哌嗪的供电子哌嗪基团, 得到水溶性香豆素衍生物, 7-羟基-4-甲基-8-(4'-甲基哌嗪-1'-基)-亚甲基香豆素(HMPC), 利用哌嗪环上的叔胺给电子体系对酸碱的敏感特性调节HMPC的光二聚反应特征. 详细考察该香豆素衍生物在不同pH水溶液中的紫外光二聚性能, 紫外光谱分析显示, 通过调节HMPC水溶液的酸碱性可有效改变其紫外特征吸收; 在波长大于310 nm的紫外光照射下, 衍生物上的香豆素单元可进行光二聚, 并且紫外点光源光二聚反应实验表明, 其在中性水溶液中的反应速度最快, 其次为碱性条件中的反应, 最慢的则是酸性条件中的反应.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Cu0-catalysed 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of α-amino acid derived N,N-cyclic azomethine imines to ynones

A series of 20 CuAIAC reactions between eight 4-acylamino substituted pyrazolidine-3-one-1-azomethine imines and four terminal ynones were performed using Cu⁰ as catalyst. The corresponding fluorescent cycloadducts were obtained in very high yields upon simple workup. Thus, Cu-metal turned out to be a better catalyst than Cu^I in terms of yield and ease of isolation. Availability of azomethine imines, mild reaction conditions, and simple workup enable a “click” access to libraries of densely substituted 2,3-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyrazol-1-ones. Reactivity of differently substituted dipoles was evaluated experimentally and by quantum chemical methods (DFT).     

Synthesis and antioxidative/anti-inflammatory activity of novel fullerene–polyamine conjugates

(E)-4-(Fullerenopyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid and its corresponding succinimidyl ester, readily obtained through Prato-type modification of C₆₀, were used for the selective N-acylation of polyamines. The thus obtained conjugates were evaluated for their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity and their cytotoxicity was determined. Members of this family of compounds showed interesting anti-lipid peroxidation, anti-lipoxygenase and anti-inflammatory activity and comparable cytocompatibility to spermidine.