Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence Biosensor Based on Ru(bpy) 2+3 Doped Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles

利用静电吸附作用将联吡啶钌[Ru( bpy)2+3]负载到巯基化MCM-41介孔二氧化硅纳米颗粒上,通过金-巯键修饰法将负载后的MCM-41固定在金电极表面,发展了一种基于MCM-41负载联吡啶钌的电致化学发光传感器,并研究了其电化学及电致化学发光行为.基于三聚氰胺与增敏剂三正丙胺氨基结构的相似性,将负载Ru(bpy)2+3的MCM-41电致化学发光传感器用于三聚氰胺的检测,获得了良好的检测效果,为检测三聚氰胺提供了一种快速、简便的方法.同时,该研究为Ru(bpy)2+3在电极表面的固定化提供了新思路.     

基于Ru(bpy)■-三乙胺体系的电致化学发光生物传感器检测葡萄糖

联吡啶钌(Ru(bpy)■)拥有优良的电致化学发光(ECL)性能,但其较好的水溶性使其固载面临巨大问题。该文制备了Pt纳米粒子与Ru(bpy)■的复合物(Pt NPs-Ru),将其修饰于电极并进一步固载葡萄糖氧化酶(GOx)制得传感器。基于H_2O_2对Ru(bpy)■-三乙胺体系ECL信号的猝灭作用,随着葡萄糖浓度的增加,其在GOx的催化下原位产生的H_2O_2量增多,导致ECL信号逐渐减弱,从而实现葡萄糖的检测。ECL强度与葡萄糖浓度的对数在1.0×10~(-8)～5.0×10~(-5) mol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,检出限低至5.2×10~(-9) mol/L。传感器具有好的稳定性和高的选择性。Pt NPs-Ru复合物为ECL传感器的构建提供了良好平台,为葡萄糖检测提供了新方法。     

联吡啶钌/氮掺杂石墨烯/Nafion复合修饰电极电化学分析盐酸异丙嗪的研究

本文采用电化学性能独特的联吡啶钌(Ru(bpy)32+)、氮掺杂石墨烯(NG)和Nafion膜构建了一种新型的盐酸异丙嗪电化学传感器。采用红外光谱和扫描电子显微镜对氮掺杂石墨烯的形貌进行了表征。在Nafion膜中添加导电性好、比表面积大的氮掺杂石墨烯可以增加电子传递速度并且可以防止联吡啶钌扩散到Nafion膜的非电活性区域而增加电极使用寿命。在p H 7.0的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中,盐酸异丙嗪在Ru(bpy)32+/NG/Nafion修饰电极上的循环伏安曲线表明,与单一的裸玻碳电极、Ru(bpy)32+/Nafion修饰电极以及NG/Nafion修饰电极相比,该修饰电极使盐酸异丙嗪得氧化峰电流显著增加,而峰电位明显负移,表明采用Ru(bpy)32+/NG/Nafion膜制备的复合修饰电极对盐酸异丙嗪呈现出较强的电化学催化作用。优化实验条件后,发现在1.0×10-6mol·L-1~1.0×10-4mol·L-1.浓度范围内,盐酸异丙嗪的氧化峰电流与其浓度呈良好的线性关系,检测限为3.6×10-7mol·L-1。而且该电极的重现性、稳定性和选择性良好,采用标准加入法可成功用于商业盐酸异丙嗪注射液中盐酸异丙嗪的测定。     

有序介孔材料SBA-15吸附Ru(bpy)2+3修饰电极的电化学发光研究

制备了具有高比表面积且二维六方高度有序的介孔分子筛SBA-15,并采用TEM和氮气吸附实验对其结构性质进行了表征.利用静电作用将三联吡啶钌[Ru(bpy)2 3]固定到表面带负电荷的SBA-15上,并将吸附有Ru(bpy)2 3的SBA-15修饰到玻碳电极表面,研究了该固定化的Ru(bpy)2 3的电化学发光行为.结果表明,随着三丙胺(TPA)的加入,氧化电流增加而还原电流减小,表明TPA对三价吡啶钌有催化作用,同时TPA的加入显著增强了发光强度.随着扫描速率的增加,发光强度逐渐降低.SBA-15较大的孔径和开放交联的孔结构体系促进了电极表面膜内的物质扩散和电子运动扩散.该修饰电极在5.0×10-5～1.0×10-2 mol/L TPA浓度范围内,发光强度与浓度具有良好的线性关系,线性方程为y=71.7 41.2x,检出限为9.5×10-6mol/L.该电极在连续扫描下具有较好的稳定性.     

电致化学发光法高灵敏度测定血清中的辛可宁

利用金电极为工作电极,研究了辛可宁-Ru(bpy)2+3体系的电致化学发光行为。研究表明,辛可宁对Ru(bpy)2+3在电极表面的电致化学发光具有显著的增强作用,据此建立了一种高灵敏度测定辛可宁的电致化学发光分析方法。考察了硼酸-硼砂缓冲溶液的浓度、p H值、联吡啶钌浓度、光电倍增管电压等参数对实验的影响。在12 mmol/L硼酸-硼砂缓冲溶液(p H 9.0)中,辛可宁浓度的对数lgc在3.0×10-9~6.0×10-6mol/L范围内与Ru(bpy)2+3的电致化学发光强度变化值(ΔI)呈线性关系,检出限(S/N=3)为1.76×10-10mol/L。应用此法对血清中辛可宁的浓度进行测试,加标回收率为102.1%~109.5%。     

基于Ru(bpy)■-三乙胺体系的电致化学发光生物传感器检测葡萄糖

联吡啶钌(Ru(bpy)■)拥有优良的电致化学发光(ECL)性能,但其较好的水溶性使其固载面临巨大问题。该文制备了Pt纳米粒子与Ru(bpy)■的复合物(Pt NPs-Ru),将其修饰于电极并进一步固载葡萄糖氧化酶(GOx)制得传感器。基于H2O2对Ru(bpy)■-三乙胺体系ECL信号的猝灭作用,随着葡萄糖浓度的增加,其在GOx的催化下原位产生的H2O2量增多,导致ECL信号逐渐减弱,从而实现葡萄糖的检测。ECL强度与葡萄糖浓度的对数在1.0×10-8~5.0×10-5 mol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,检出限低至5.2×10-9 mol/L。传感器具有好的稳定性和高的选择性。Pt NPs-Ru复合物为ECL传感器的构建提供了良好平台,为葡萄糖检测提供了新方法。     

基于MCM-41负载联吡啶钌的电致化学发光传感器

利用静电吸附作用将联吡啶钌[Ru(bpy)₃²⁺]负载到巯基化MCM-41介孔二氧化硅纳米颗粒上, 通过金-巯键修饰法将负载后的MCM-41固定在金电极表面, 发展了一种基于MCM-41负载联吡啶钌的电致化学发光传感器, 并研究了其电化学及电致化学发光行为. 基于三聚氰胺与增敏剂三正丙胺氨基结构的相似性, 将负载Ru(bpy)₃²⁺的MCM-41电致化学发光传感器用于三聚氰胺的检测, 获得了良好的检测效果, 为检测三聚氰胺提供了一种快速、简便的方法. 同时, 该研究为Ru(bpy)₃²⁺在电极表面的固定化提供了新思路.     

基于多壁碳纳米管/纳米银复合修饰剂电致化学发光传感器的制备及应用

建立了基于多壁碳纳米管(MWNT)/纳米银(nano-Ag)复合修饰剂固载联吡啶钌(Ru(bpy)_3~(2+))传感器测定盐酸苯海索的电致化学发光分析方法。借助MWNT优良导电性及nano-Ag的电催化性能,采用溶胶-凝胶法,利用成膜剂硅溶胶(Silica sol)、聚乙烯醇(PVA)将MWNT、nano-Ag、Ru(bpy)_3~(2+)固载修饰到热解石墨电极(PGE)表面,制备出MWNT/nano-Ag/Silica sol/PVA/Ru(bpy)_3~(2+)-PGE电致化学发光传感器,并依据盐酸苯海索对联吡啶钌的增敏作用,快速、准确测定了盐酸苯海索。结果表明:盐酸苯海索在4. 36×10~(-7)～1. 09×10~(-4)mol·L~(-1)浓度范围内与其发光强度线性关系良好,线性方程为I_(ECL)=146. 98×10~5c+502. 03(r~2=0. 997 3),检出限(S/N=3)为2. 06×10~(-8)mol·L~(-1);对5份不同加标浓度的盐酸苯海索的回收率为97. 7%～104%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为2. 4%。该方法对检测盐酸苯海索药品具有良好的灵敏度与稳定性,效果满意。     

有序介孔材料SBA-15吸附Ru（bpy）3^2＋修饰电极的电化学发光研究

制备了具有高比表面积且二维六方高度有序的介孔分子筛SBA-15,并采用TEM和氮气吸附实验对其结构性质进行了表征.利用静电作用将三联吡啶钌[Ru(bpy)32 ]固定到表面带负电荷的SBA-15上,并将吸附有Ru(bpy)32 的SBA-15修饰到玻碳电极表面,研究了该固定化的Ru(bpy)32 的电化学发光行为.结果表明,随着三丙胺(TPA)的加入,氧化电流增加而还原电流减小,表明TPA对三价吡啶钌有催化作用,同时TPA的加入显著增强了发光强度.随着扫描速率的增加,发光强度逐渐降低.SBA-15较大的孔径和开放交联的孔结构体系促进了电极表面膜内的物质扩散和电子运动扩散.该修饰电极在5.0×10-5~1.0×10-2mol/LTPA浓度范围内,发光强度与浓度具有良好的线性关系,线性方程为y=71.7 41.2x,检出限为9.5×10-6mol/L.该电极在连续扫描下具有较好的稳定性.     

毛细管电泳-电化学发光法分离检测饮料中亮氨酸

基于亮氨酸对化学发光试剂三联吡啶钌(Ru(bpy)32+)在铂电极上电致发光信号的增敏作用,建立了一种快速测定亮氨酸的毛细管电泳-电化学发光分析方法.对实验条件进行优化,最佳实验条件如下:检测电位为1.15 V;Ru(bpy)32+浓度为7 mmol·L-1(pH=8.5);进样时间为10 s;进样高压为10 kv;分...     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.     

非那雄胺合成工艺改进

非那雄胺能抑制5α-还原酶的活性,明显降低二氢睾酮水平,是一种治疗良性前列腺增生的有效药品。该合成工艺以甾烯酮酸为原料,将其与氯化亚砜反应,无须分离即与叔丁胺反应得17β-酰胺化合物,再氧化开环,环合,氢化,脱氢合成了非那雄胺。经元素分析、IR、1HNMR、13CNMR、MS分析表征了其结构。该法无须使用昂贵的2,2-二吡啶二硫化物和剧毒药品苯亚硒酸酐,且以乙酸铵代替氨气,降低了对设备的要求和腐蚀,更适用于工业生产。     

Acid hydrolysis of carboxymethylcellulose of low degree of substitution

Cotton cellulose was swollen in a sodium hydroxide solution and carboxymethylated by a two-bath method for different periods of time for each process. The kinetics of acid hydrolysis and the crystallinity of the swollen and carboxymethylated samples were measured. The proportion of broken bonds, rate constants for hydrolysis, and permeability of cellulose to hydrolyzing agents were calculated. The susceptibility of glycosidic linkages to acid hydrolysis was improved by carboxymethylation more than by swelling in alkali. The increased accessibility of carboxymethylcellulose to acid was regarded as a consequence of increased intra-and intercrystalline swelling and of the glycosidic bonds' weakness caused by the electron-attracting carboxymethyl group on the C-6 position.     

恶臭嗅辨实验室建设探讨

针对恶臭测试的环境影响问题,提出了解决的实例方案,并对方案的要点及优缺点进行讨论,此方案在实际操作中具有较好的效果。     

氯氧化镁生成热的研究

用氧化镁氯化镁水溶液制备了8水合氯氧化镁[nMg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O], 并测定了其在盐酸中的溶解热, 实验结果表明, 氯氧化镁溶解热与n值呈线性关系, 根据溶解热求出5Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O和3Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O的生成热分别为-7727.1和5888.1kJ·mol^1^-。     

Determination of heats of detonation and influence of components of composite explosives on heats of detonation of high explosives

The heats of detonation of 20 simple high explosives and explosive mixtures were determined by means of an adiabatic detonation calorimeter designed by the authors. The results indicated that the performance of the instrument was reliable and the experimental data were very accurate. For explosive mixtures, there was a linear accumulative relationship between the heats of detonation of the explosive mixture and its components. Accordingly, the heats of detonation of explosive mixtures could be calculated directly from the heats of detonation of simple explosives and the characteristic heats of other components. The experiments showed that the gold or brass shell of the cylindrical charge could be substituted by a thick-walled porcelain shell, which had the advantage of cheapness.

     

Estimation of Kinetic Parameters of Thermal Oxidation of Ilmenite

The aim of the presented work was the investigation of thermal oxidation of ilmenite in static air atmosphere. The investigations were carried out by use of a derivatograph (MOM, Hungary). The changes of crystallographic structure of investigated samples were identified by X-ray diffractometry on Philips PW-1710 diffractometer. In temperature above 500°C appears structure of hematite Fe₂O₃. On the basis of the thermogravimetric measurements, the contracting area and contracting volume models were found as the best fitting experimental data. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Mechanism of action of base-catalyzed oxygenation of phenol derivatives

Cyclopropyl derivative of 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol is synthesized as a probe to investigate the mechanism of base-catalyzed autooxidation of phenol derivatives. Our study indicates that one electron reduction of molecular oxygen from phenolate gives phenoxyl radical 3, a key intermediate of autooxidation. The coupling of phenoxyl radical and superoxide radical gives peroxylate anion 4 and produces the final epoxy alcohol adduct 6.     

Synthesis of phenolic components of Grains of Paradise

Two vanilloids, (5E)-8-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)oct-5-en-4-one (1) and 4-[3-hydroxydecyl]-2-methoxyphenol (2), isolated from the dried seeds of Grains of Paradise (Aframomum melegueta), were synthesized; the latter compound was made as the S-enantiomer and the material derived from the seeds was found to be a 1:1.7 mixture of the R and S isomers. The synthetic route used should allow the preparation of analogs having extended alkyl chains and consequently different lipophilicity, and 3, a homolog of 2, was also prepared.     

解决能源问题的新途径——光解水制氢的研究

面对日益枯竭的能源危机,氢能是一种洁净、最有前景的替代能源。目前在各种制氢的方法中光催化分解水制氢的研究最多,光解水过程中催化剂最关键,本文对利用太阳能光解水的途径、提高光催化反应效率以及光催化剂的开发研究进行了综述。