电喷雾电离质谱鉴定合成莱克多巴胺的副反应产物

采用电喷雾电离质谱(ESI-MS)结合碰撞诱导解离(CA)技术分析了合成莱克多巴胺(Ractopamine)产品溶液中目标化合物和副反应产物。根据一级和二级质谱图确定了反应副产物的化学结构,4种副产物分别为Ractopamine脱去水分子、再氢化及烃羟基甲醚化和乙醚化而形成的。质谱方法提供的分子量、分子结构信息对改进反应条件、减少副反应发生、提高产品收率具有指导作用。     

液相色谱-电喷雾质谱联用研究原花青素B3苄硫醇降解产物及反应条件

采用高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联质谱技术分析了原花青素B3苄硫醇降解过程的目标化合物和副反应产物,比较了不同反应条件对产物生成的影响。延伸单元的杂环裂解产物是反应的主要副产物,占副产物总量的50%以上;表异构化反应主要发生在末端单元。不同硫解条件对末端单元表异构化反应及硫解产率影响显著;在40℃、30 m in条件下,末端单元表异构化率最低(2.2%),硫解产率最高(88.7%),聚合度计算为2.1,适用于原花青素的定性、定量分析。     

基于色谱-质谱联用的新型有机污染物分析方法与技术

新型有机污染物是目前国内外关注的热点。在发现和分析新型有机污染物方面色谱-质谱联用技术发挥着至关重要的作用。本文对5类新型有机污染物(全氟化合物、药物、饮用水消毒副产物、农药转化产物和新农药、溴化阻燃剂)的主要色谱-质谱联用技术进行了介绍和评价,并对色谱-质谱联用的发展趋势进行了展望。     

气相色谱-质谱联用法对三乙基硼合成反应副产物的研究

利用气相色谱/质谱联用技术对三乙基硼合成反应的产物进行了定性研究.进样量为5 μL,以HP-5毛细管柱(30.0 m×250 μm, 0.25 μm)为气相色谱柱,在柱温90℃、气化室温度120℃、载气为氦气、流量为0.8 mL/min的条件下,三乙基硼合成产物得到了很好分离.通过对该反应产物进行人工质谱解析,并结合计算机谱库检索,鉴定出三乙基硼合成反应的5种副产物.其中二乙基环硼氧烷在其它文献中未见报道.通过对反应过程的研究,讨论了多种副产物产生的机理,佐证了副产物的结构,为三乙基硼及其类似物的研究奠定了基础.     

尿苷5′-位磷酰胺的合成及电喷雾电离质谱研究

以三氯氧磷为磷酰化试剂,与尿嘧啶核苷反应,将所得中间产物尿苷磷酰二氯进行胺解,生成具有抗病毒活性的尿苷磷酰胺化合物,目标化合物结构通过核磁确认,并用电喷雾电离串联质谱(ESI MS/MS)仪检测产物,研究了此类化合物的质谱裂解规律,发现了1个类似环磷腺苷的环状裂解碎片,该结果得到密度泛函理论的支持,对尿苷含磷衍生物质谱裂解数据库是一个重要的补充.     

诱导效应指数用于吲哚类生物碱质谱特征预测

在原有质谱裂解理论的基础上, 结合诱导效应指数, 通过比较吲哚生物碱中两类不同化学环境中的氮原子(吲哚环上的氮原子Na和侧链上的氮原子Nb)周围取代基诱导效应指数, 对质谱碰撞过程中电荷定域及吲哚生物碱的质谱特征进行了预测, 结果与标准物质质谱数据完全相同. 建立了利用比较杂原子诱导指数从化合物结构直接预测吲哚生物碱质谱特征的新方法. 该方法可用于吲哚生物碱和其它含氮化合物及其代谢产物的质谱特征的预测.     

液相色谱-质谱联用技术分析固相合成胸腺五肽及其副产物

利用反相高效液相色谱(RP-HPLC)与电喷雾质谱(ESI-MS/MS)联用技术,分析用芴甲氧羰基(Fmoc)固相合成方法在WANG树脂上手工合成的胸腺五肽(H2N-Arg-Lys-Asp-Val-Tyr-COOH)粗产物,RP-HPLC结果显示:合成粗产物含有一个主要成分,三个次要成分和多个微量成分;与之联用的电喷雾质谱同步得出相应的某些信息,可对各成分的结构进行分析。结果证明,粗产物中的主成分即为目标五肽,另外几个主要副产物为五肽合成过程中去保护未完全的副产物。     

复杂样品的固相微萃取-直接质谱分析技术研究进展

常压离子化质谱分析技术由于具有无需样品预处理、操作简单、分析效率高等特点,现已在复杂样品的快速分析方面发挥了重要作用。但是,该技术在质谱分析时将样品基质和待测化合物同时进行电离,样品基质对目标化合物的质谱分析造成了严重干扰。为了解决这一问题,在质谱直接分析前先采用固相微萃取技术对复杂样品中的目标化合物进行富集或基质去除,可极大地提高待测化合物的质谱分析灵敏度。该文着重综述了近几年发展起来可直接与常压电离源相联用或可原位电离目标化合物的固相微萃取技术,介绍了它们的原理及在复杂样品分析领域的应用,展望了固相微萃取-直接质谱分析技术的发展趋势。     

(O,O)-二烷基-α-苯基-α-(4-取代芳甲酰氨基)-甲基膦酸酯的合成与波谱表征

通过(O,O)-二烷基-α-苯基-α-氨基亚膦酸酯与4-取代芳基甲酸的缩合反应合成了12种目标化合物,产物结构利用元素分析、红外光谱、核磁共振(1 H NMR、13 C NMR和31P NMR)光谱和质谱进行了表征.为了进一步了解此类化合物的结构,利用X射线单晶衍射测定了化合物4f,4g,4i,4j,4k和4l的单晶结构.分析了化合物4a-4f加氢离子的电喷雾多级质谱裂解规律,解释了重排离子r形成的可能机制.     

在线热裂解/气相色谱-质谱分析3-吡啶甲酸茴香酯的热裂解产物

采用在线热裂解/气相色谱-质谱(Py/GC-MS)联用技术对3-吡啶甲酸茴香酯进行热裂解分析。通过酰氯化和酯化反应合成了新型目标化合物3-吡啶甲酸茴香酯,其分子式为C14H14NO3。目标化合物的结构经核磁氢谱(1H NMR)、核磁碳谱(13C NMR)、红外光谱(IR)和高分辨质谱(HRMS)进行确证,并通过热重-微热重-差示扫描量热(TG-DTG-DSC)分析方法对目标化合物的热稳定性进行分析。在空气氛围中,将目标化合物分别于300,600,900℃下进行热裂解,并通过气相色谱-质谱法对其挥发性热裂解产物进行定性和半定量分析。研究显示:目标化合物共经历了两次失重过程。第一次失重在129.9~158.9℃之间,失重2.3%;第二次失重在158.9~274.9℃之间,失重达90.1%,230.1℃时失重率最大。热裂解共产生44种产物,包括具有香味特征的大茴香醛、对甲基苯酚、松油醇、D-香茅醇、大茴香醚和茴香醚等化合物。其中裂解温度对裂解产物的种类和相对含量具有明显影响。300℃时α-二去氢菖蒲烯的相对含量最高,600,900℃时,相对含量最高的分别是大茴香醛和对甲基苯酚。苯甲醛、茴香醚和大茴香醚的相对含量随着温度的升高呈先增加后降低趋势;而对甲基苯酚含量则随着温度的升高而增加。根据主要裂解产物及其相对含量的变化,对目标化合物的裂解机理进行了初步探讨。     

反相高效液相色谱/电喷雾质谱法分析化学合成七肽粗产物

利用RP—HPLC／ESI—MS直接分析用芴甲氧羰基(Fmoc)固相多肽合成方法在PHB树脂上偶联合成的一个七肽(H2N—Tyr—Val—Asn-Thr-Asn—Met—Gly—COOH,Mr797．3)粗产物。RP—HPLC显示合成粗产物含有1个主成分,4个次要成分和多个微量成分;与之联用的电喷雾质谱则同步准确地测定出各成分的分子量(m／z)并自动对各主要成分的化学结构进行了串联质谱分析。结果证明,粗产物中的主成分即为目标七肽,另外几个主要副产物为七肽的氧化产物或残缺肽。     

End-group characterisation of poly(propylene glycol)s by means of electrospray ionisation–tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS)

The end-group functionalisation of a series of poly(propylene glycol)s has been characterised by means of electrospray ionisation–tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS). A series of peaks with mass-to-charge ratios that are close to that of the precursor ion were used to generate information on the end-group functionalities of the poly(propylene glycol)s. Fragment ions resulting from losses of both of the end groups were noted from some of the samples. An example is presented of how software can be used to significantly reduce the length of time involved in data interpretation (which is typically the most time-consuming part of the analysis). Figure Screenshot from Polymerator software of annotated ESI-MS/MS spectrum from the lithiated heptamer of poly(propylene glycol) di-acrylate     

Packed capillary liquid chromatography–electrospray mass spectrometry analysis of organophosphorus chemical warfare agents

Packed capillary column liquid chromatography (LC)–electrospray mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) was used for the first time to detect and identify four common organophosphorus chemical warfare agents in aqueous samples. Aqueous samples containing the organophosphorus chemical warfare agents in the 0.01 to 0.1 mg/ml range were analyzed directly by packed capillary LC–ESI-MS with the chemical warfare agents and several minor related impurities being well resolved under acetonitrile–water gradient elution conditions. The ESI-MS data for isopropyl methylphosphonofluoridate (sarin or GB), O-ethyl N,N-dimethylphosphoramidocyanidate (tabun or GA), cyclohexyl methylphosphonofluoridate (GF) and pinacolyl methylphosphonofluoridate (soman or GD) were acquired with a sampling cone voltage setting that promoted collisionally activated dissociation, and resulted in the acquisition of informative mass spectra containing both molecular and product ion information. The developed method appears to be an attractive alternative to GC–MS for the analysis of aqueous samples containing organophosphorus chemical warfare agents and their hydrolysis products, since they may be analyzed directly without the need for additional sample handling.     

离子色谱-串联电喷雾质谱法检测自来水中二氯乙酸和三氯乙酸

建立了一种采用离子色谱-串联电喷雾四级杆质谱联用技术检测自来水中可致癌的饮用水消毒副产物二氯乙酸和三氯乙酸的方法。该方法使用IonPacPrototype-10高容量阴离子交换柱为分离柱,以ICS-3000多功能色谱系统的淋洗液自动发生装置在线产生不同浓度的KOH淋洗液,在合适的梯度条件下,实现对自来水样品中两种卤代乙酸和多种常见阴离子的高效分离,经抑制器将淋洗液抑制为近中性后,在不添加有机溶剂的情况下,进入API3200 ESI-MS/MS质谱系统,选取适合的离子对和温度、能量条件,进行准确定量分析。在优化的色谱和质谱条件下,二氯乙酸和三氯乙酸的检出限分别为0.053和0.46μg/L。峰面积校正曲线的线性范围均跨越两个数量级以上。对4种不同浓度的标准溶液和实际样品连续9次进样,峰面积的相对标准偏差小于7%。选取北京市18个区县及全国部分省市的自来水样品进行检测,所得结果令人满意。挑选其中的典型样品进行不同浓度的标准加入实验,回收率在86.7%-119.0%之间。     

Identification of C-21 steroidal glycosides from the roots of Cynanchum chekiangense by high-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry

High-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC/ESI-MS/MS) was used to identify C-21 steroidal glycosides with immunological activities in roots of Cynanchum chekiangense. In the MS/MS spectra, fragmentation reactions of the [M + Na]⁺ were recorded to provide structural information about the glycosyl and aglycone moieties. To further confirm the fragments structures, off-line Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance tandem mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS/MS) was also performed. In the study, four known steroidal glycosides cynascyroside C, chekiangensosides A and B, glaucoside H, and four novel steroidal glycosides chekiangensosides C, D, E and chekiangensoside A isomer were identified based on mass spectral data, NMR spectral data and standards. This is the first report on identifying steroidal glycosides in roots of C. chekiangense by HPLC/ESI-MS/MS directly, which could save time and material consuming efforts in traditional phytochemistry analysis.     

单糖衍生物的电喷雾质谱裂解规律研究

以1-(2-萘基)-3-甲基-5-吡唑啉酮(NMP)作单糖标识剂, 经在线串联的LC-ESI-MS建立了单糖衍生物的电喷雾质谱裂解方法.衍生物在质谱裂解中糖类化合物特有的规范信息.借助糖类化合物在ESI-MS条件下表现出的分子离子峰m/z [M H] , 及在ESI-MS/MS条件下呈现出的特征碎片离子峰m/z 473, 可有效地确定出单糖类化合物的组成. 尽管一些脂肪醛和芳香醛也能同时被标识, 然而在质谱条件下不产生m/z 473的特征碎片离子峰, 且它们的洗脱远在糖类组分之后, 因此不干扰糖类化合物的分离和结构确定.通过建立的LC-ESI-MS方法, 对水解蜂花粉中的单糖进行了分析.结果表明: 水解的蜂花粉中含甘露糖(Man)、半乳糖醛酸(GalUA)、葡萄糖醛酸(GlcUA)、鼠李糖(Rha)、葡萄糖 (Glc)、半乳糖(Gal)、阿拉伯糖(Ara)、木糖(Xyl)和岩藻糖(Fuc).本方法为环境样品中单糖类化合物的确定提供了准确、可靠的技术手段.     

Rapid screening and identification of cytochalasins by electrospray tandem mass spectrometry

The cytochalasin class of fungal metabolites was analyzed by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS) with the aim of developing a methodology for their rapid identification in microbial extracts. ESI-MS analyses of reference cytochalasins were performed and several product ions were produced in MS/MS experiments on parent ions that are structurally characteristic. A precursor ion search was performed to detect cytochalasins in an ethyl acetate extract of fungal strain RK97-F21. Three cytochalasins were detected and one of the components was identified as epoxycytochalasin H by comparing the tandem mass spectra of the product ions with those of reference compounds. This finding was further validated by LC/MS and LC/MS/MS experiments.     

反相高效液相色谱/基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱 分离鉴定螺蛳血管紧张素转换酶抑制肽

运用反相高效液相色谱(RP-HPLC)对酶解螺蛳腹足肌得到的血管紧张素转换酶(ACE)抑制肽进行两步分离提纯,第一步主要得到8个组分;选取其中活性最高的组分进一步分离,得到2个组分,其中活性较高组分的ACE半抑制浓度为43.5 μmol/L,基本为单一肽组分。对提纯的组分分别使用高效液相色谱/电喷雾离子质谱法(HPLC/ESI-MS)和基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱法(MALDI-TOF MS)进行分析,同时结合氨基酸组成分析结果,最终得到的肽链一级结构为Lys-Glu-Ile-Trp(KEIW),符合已知的高活性ACE抑制肽的结构规律。经过对两种方法分析过程的比较,认为ESI-MS可以得到多方面的信息,但无法确定肽的序列;MALDI-TOF MS可以得到精确的二级质谱图(m/z精确至0.0001),从而可以得到确定的肽的序列。     

Development of a method for simultaneous determination of eflucimibe and its three major metabolites in rat plasma by liquid chromatography/electrospray tandem mass spectrometry: a preliminary study

A high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC/ESI-MS/MS) method has been developed for the simultaneous determination of eflucimibe, a powerful acyl-coenzyme A cholesterol O-acyltransferase (ACAT) inhibitor, and its main metabolites, in plasma. The ESI and MS/MS parameters were investigated and optimised for each of the four compounds in the positive ion mode. Plasma samples were deproteinised by precipitation with acetonitrile and directly analysed by HPLC/ESI-MS/MS in less than 4 min. Quantitation was performed in the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode for highest sensitivity, selecting the protonated molecules [M+H](+) as precursor ions. The method was demonstrated to be specific and sensitive, and a linear response was observed within a 1-25 ng/mL concentration range. Correlation coefficients (r(2)) greater than 0.9960 were obtained by least-squares regression, and limits of detection down to 0.2 ng/mL were calculated. Therefore, this HPLC/ESI-MS/MS method appears to be an efficient tool, able to provide valuable information for a pharmacological purpose.     

Direct analysis of herbal powders by pipette-tip electrospray ionization mass spectrometry

Conventional electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) is widely used for analysis of solution samples. The development of solid-substrate ESI-MS allows direct ionization analysis of bulky solid samples. In this study, we developed pipette-tip ESI-MS, a technique that combines pipette tips with syringe and syringe pump, for direct analysis of herbal powders, another common form of samples. We demonstrated that various herbal powder samples, including herbal medicines and food samples, could be readily online extracted and analyzed using this technique. Various powder samples, such as Rhizoma coptidis, lotus plumule, great burdock achene, black pepper, Panax ginseng, roasted coffee beans, Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis and Fructus Schisandrae Sphenantherae, were analyzed using pipette-tip ESI-MS and quality mass spectra with stable and durable signals could be obtained. Both positive and negative ion modes were attempted and various compounds including amino acids, oligosaccharides, glycosides, alkaloids, organic acids, ginosensides, flavonoids and lignans could be detected. Principal component analysis (PCA) based on the acquired mass spectra allowed rapid differentiation of closely related herbal species.