定量核磁共振波谱法同时测定中药虎杖中白藜芦醇和虎杖苷的含量

建立了定量核磁共振波谱法同时测定虎杖中白藜芦醇和虎杖苷的方法。样品用80%乙醇和丙酮两次超声提取净化,再用定量核磁共振波谱法测定。考察了样品预处理和核磁共振实验条件对测定结果的影响,选择氘代二甲亚砜-重水(10∶1,V/V)为溶剂,用基准物质邻苯二甲酸氢钾标定的2,3,5-三碘苯甲酸为内标,选择脉冲延迟时间为5 s,采样次数为32次。定量峰为6.388~6.391(白藜芦醇:H-2,6,d,2H)和6.322~6.330(虎杖苷:H-4,t,1H)。结果表明,NMR测定的精密度均小于0.6%,线性相关系数(r)均大于0.999,白藜芦醇和虎杖苷的检出限分别为0.23和0.24 g/L,定量限分别为0.69和1.57 g/L,包括样品提取过程的回收率分别为97.7%~103.5%(RSD=2.4%)和94.5%~99.2%(RSD=1.6%),显示出定量核磁共振法在中药定量时的可靠性。实际测定4种虎杖饮片及配方颗粒样品中白藜芦醇和虎杖苷含量分别为3.57~5.69 mg/g和12.73~24.07 mg/g。     

离子对色谱法测定万乳康注射液中淫羊藿苷和盐酸左旋咪唑含量

建立了反相离子对色谱法同时测定万乳康样品中淫羊藿苷和盐酸左旋咪唑的含量。本法使用Shim-pack VP-ODS色谱柱(250×4.6 mm,5μm),该流动相为65%甲醇(V/V),10.0 mmol/L的十二烷基磺酸钠,pH=3.0;等度洗脱样品中的淫羊藿苷和盐酸左旋咪唑。紫外检测波长270 nm。结果表明:淫羊藿苷测定的线性范围为2.73~54.58μg/mL,加标回收率为99.45%~100.69%,理论塔板数达6 641;盐酸左旋咪唑测定的线性范围为26.23~524.54μg/mL,加标回收率为99.58%~100.23%,理论塔板数5 564。该方法可用于淫羊藿提取物和万乳康样品中的淫羊藿苷和盐酸左旋咪唑的测定。     

固相萃取-定量核磁共振波谱法测定板蓝根饮片中的表告依春

建立了固相萃取(SPE)-定量核磁共振波谱(qNMR)技术测定板蓝根饮片中有效成分表告依春含量的方法.样品用水超声提取两次,采用SPE对提取液进行富集浓缩,用qNMR测定表告依春的含量.考察了样品预处理和qNMR实验条件对测定结果的影响,选择氘代二甲基亚砜为溶剂,用基准试剂邻苯二甲酸氢钾标定的2,3,5-三碘苯甲酸为内标,选择脉冲宽度P1=14.1 μs,延迟时间d1=5 s,扫描次数NS=256为qNMR定量测定表告依春的最佳实验条件.表告依春的定量峰为δ 5.365~5.399 (H-7b, d,1H).结果表明,日内测量精密度(RSD)为0.5%,日间精密度为0.8%,表告依春与三碘苯甲酸峰面积比与质量比的零截距标准曲线线性相关系数为0.9991,且斜率与理论值相符.根据响应值标准偏差和标准曲线斜率法确定此法测定表告依春的检测限(LOD)为0.05 mg/g;定量限(LOQ, S/N ≥ 150)为0.19 mg/g.包括样品提取过程的表告依春的回收率为97.4%~101.7%.采用本方法测定板蓝根饮片中的表告依春的含量为<0.19~1.26 mg/g.研究结果表明,采用SPE进行富集,扩大了qNMR的应用范围,可用于低含量复杂样品的定量分析.     

益气通痹胶囊质量标准研究

采用薄层色谱法对益气通痹胶囊中黄芪、何首乌、五味子、赤芍、延胡索进行定性鉴别,采用高效液相色谱法测定了制剂中淫羊藿苷的含量. 所用薄层色谱具有鉴别特征,色谱斑点清晰,专属性强. 淫羊藿苷在0.55~3.30 μg范围内呈良好的线性关系(r =0.99996),平均回收率为98.4%,RSD为0.62 %. 所建立的定性和定量方法,操作简便可靠,专属性强,重现性好,能较全面反映该制剂内在质量,可作为益气通痹胶囊新药研发质量控制标准.     

保健食品中壮阳类西药成分的核磁共振氢谱定量分析

建立了保健食品中枸橼酸西地那非、他达拉非、伐地那非的核磁共振氢谱定量(1H q NMR)分析方法。采用布鲁克Avance DRX 500超导核磁共振波谱仪,以氘代二甲亚砜为溶剂,2,3,5-三碘苯甲酸为内标物,优化了仪器采集参数,并进行了方法验证。结果表明:当内标添加量为2 mg、内标与待测化合物摩尔比在1∶0.1~1∶1.2范围时,标准曲线线性良好,相关系数(r2)不小于0.999;枸橼酸西地那非、他达拉非、伐地那非的检出限分别为0.045,0.026,0.033 mg/m L,定量下限分别为0.218,0.128,0.159 mg/m L;日内精密度RSD值分别为0.38%,0.85%,0.34%;日间精密度RSD值分别为0.72%,1.2%,1.4%。利用所建立的方法对13种实际样品进行定量分析;并将测试结果与HPLC-DAD法测试结果进行比较,两种测试结果的RSD在1%~8%之间。     

高效液相色谱法测定箭叶淫羊藿中淫羊藿苷的含量

箭叶淫羊藿用70%乙醇回流提取,取部分提取液直接干燥得淫羊藿提取物,以高效液相色谱法测定箭叶淫羊藿中淫羊藿苷的含量,色谱柱为InertsilODS-3柱,流动相为乙腈-水(27∶73),检测波长为270nm。在此条件下,淫羊藿苷与其它黄酮醇苷的色谱峰分离完全,平均回收率为99.46%。该法可用于淫羊藿药材的质量控制。     

核磁共振定量法测定制剂中埃索美拉唑含量

以马来酸为内标,氘代二甲基亚砜为溶剂测定1H核磁共振谱,通过比较样品定量峰与内标物质响应峰峰面积,计算埃索美拉唑的含量。结果显示,同一样品在相同条件下测定6次,定量峰与内标响应峰比值的RSD为0.54%;平行配制5份样品溶液,定量峰与内标响应峰比值的RSD为0.62%。采用不同样品定量峰计算的埃索美拉唑含量分别97.2%、97.1%、98.2%、98.1%,RSD分别为0.54%、0.62%、1.33%、1.28%。本文建立的核磁共振定量法(q NMR法)可以有效避免辅料依地酸二钠、氢氧化钠干扰,经方法验证可用于测定埃索美拉唑含量。     

HPLC法同时测定淫羊藿中朝藿定A、B、C与淫羊藿苷的含量

建立了同时测定淫羊藿中朝藿定A、B、C与淫羊藿苷含量的高效液相色谱方法。淫羊藿样品经超声波提取,以50%(φ)乙醇溶液为溶剂,在温度50℃、料液比1∶60条件下超声波提取30 m in,共提取2次。色谱条件:ZORBAX SB-C8色谱柱(5μm,4.6×250 mm);流动相A为乙腈,B为1%乙酸溶液;梯度洗脱;紫外检测波长为270 nm。上述4种类黄酮的标准曲线在6.6~33.0 mg/L(朝藿定A、淫羊藿苷)或6.6~55.0mg/L(朝藿定B、C)范围内呈良好的线性关系(r>0.99);加标回收率在97%~102%之间;相对标准偏差小于2%(n=5)。测得不同产地心叶淫羊藿叶片中4种类黄酮的质量分数差异较大;朝藿定A广泛分布于淫羊藿属中。本方法在淫羊藿药材质量控制中具有一定的参考价值。     

淫羊藿素的合成

淫羊藿素是淫羊藿苷的苷元,具有抗骨质疏松和调节雌激素等多种生物活性.以间苯三酚为原料,经Houben-Hoesch反应、一锅法Algar-Flynn-Oyamada反应和铕促异戊烯基重排等8步反应实现了淫羊藿素的合成,总收率4.2%.中间体及最终产物的结构均通过NMR和HRMS进行了表征.     

动态超声辅助萃取与HPLC联用测定淫羊藿中黄酮类化合物

建立了动态超声辅助萃取与高效液相色谱在线联用系统,用于测量淫羊藿中黄酮类化合物。萃取过程在一个循环体系中完成,萃取完成后,通过采样环采集20μL萃取液,萃取液被流动相载入色谱系统进行分离检测。4种黄酮类化合物用HPLC–MS区分,通过比较色谱峰面积选择优化萃取条件。选择50℃的水浴温度,50%的乙醇作为萃取剂,萃取剂流速为1.5 mL/min,萃取时间为8 min,样品量为15 mg。用该法测量淫羊藿样品中4种黄酮类化合物,日内、日间精密度分别为1.05%～2.05%,0.30%～3.63%(n=6)。淫羊藿中的主要化合物淫羊藿苷的加标回收率为95.2%。该方法可用于测量淫羊藿中的黄酮类化合物。     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Cu0-catalysed 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of α-amino acid derived N,N-cyclic azomethine imines to ynones

A series of 20 CuAIAC reactions between eight 4-acylamino substituted pyrazolidine-3-one-1-azomethine imines and four terminal ynones were performed using Cu⁰ as catalyst. The corresponding fluorescent cycloadducts were obtained in very high yields upon simple workup. Thus, Cu-metal turned out to be a better catalyst than Cu^I in terms of yield and ease of isolation. Availability of azomethine imines, mild reaction conditions, and simple workup enable a “click” access to libraries of densely substituted 2,3-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyrazol-1-ones. Reactivity of differently substituted dipoles was evaluated experimentally and by quantum chemical methods (DFT).     

Synthesis and antioxidative/anti-inflammatory activity of novel fullerene–polyamine conjugates

(E)-4-(Fullerenopyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid and its corresponding succinimidyl ester, readily obtained through Prato-type modification of C₆₀, were used for the selective N-acylation of polyamines. The thus obtained conjugates were evaluated for their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity and their cytotoxicity was determined. Members of this family of compounds showed interesting anti-lipid peroxidation, anti-lipoxygenase and anti-inflammatory activity and comparable cytocompatibility to spermidine.