单一金属氧化物同时催化去除碳颗粒和NOx

制备了系列金属氧化物催化剂, 研究了富氧条件下单一金属氧化物同时催化去除碳颗粒和NOx的活性, 考察了碳颗粒与催化剂之间的接触方式对催化活性的影响, 并分析了碳颗粒和NOx催化同时去除的路径. 结果表明, Cr、Mn、Co和Ni金属氧化物催化剂对碳颗粒和NOx同时去除具有较高的催化活性, 并且在催化剂与碳颗粒之间“松散接触”方式下依然具有较高的活性; 其同时催化去除碳颗粒和NOx的路径为, 催化剂催化NO氧化成NO2, NO2促进碳颗粒氧化去除, 而碳颗粒氧化的中间物CO还原NO, 促进NOx还原去除.     

单一金属氧化物同时催化去除碳颗粒和NOx

制备了系列金属氧化物催化剂,研究了富氧条件下单一金属氧化物同时催化去除碳颗粒和NOx的活性,考察了碳颗粒与催化剂之间的接触方式对催化活性的影响,并分析了碳颗粒和NO,催化同时去除的路径.结果表明,Cr,Mn、Co和 Ni 金属氧化物催化剂对碳颗粒和 NOx 同时去除具有较高的催化活性,并且在催化剂与碳颗粒之间"松散接触"方式下依然具有较高的活性;其同时催化去除碳颗粒和 NOx 的路径为,催化剂催化NO 氧化成NO2,NO2 促进碳颗粒氧化去除,而碳颗粒氧化的中间物 CO 还原 NO,促进 NO,还原去除.     

钌-钯掺杂Ti/TiO2阳极电催化降解甲基橙研究

以偶氮染料甲基橙为处理对象, 分别考察了Ru, Pd及Ru-Pd掺杂的Ti/TiO2阳极的光、电催化活性, 并与Ti/RuOx-PdO阳极的电催化活性进行了比较; 利用XPS分析了Ru-Pd掺杂的Ti/TiO2阳极表面Ru, Pd及Ti的化学形态. 实验发现, Ru, Pd及Ru-Pd掺杂的Ti/TiO2阳极的光催化活性都有所降低, 而其电催化活性却都有大幅提升, 特别是Ru-Pd掺杂的Ti/TiO2阳极, 其电催化活性明显地优于Ti/RuOx-PdO阳极. XPS分析表明, Ru-Pd掺杂的Ti/TiO2阳极其光、电催化活性的变化可能与该阳极表面Ru, Pd及Ti的化学形态变化有关.     

贵金属对 NM/WO3-ZrO2 (NM = Ru, Rh 和 Pd) 催化乙烯直接氧化制乙酸反应的影响

 研究了负载 Ru, Rh 和 Pd 的 WO3-ZrO2 催化剂在乙烯直接氧化制乙酸反应中的催化性能. 结果显示, 负载的贵金属对催化剂的催化性能有非常重要的影响. Rh/WO3-ZrO2 催化剂具有最高的乙烯转化率, 而 Ru/WO3-ZrO2 催化剂对反应几乎没有活性. H2 化学吸附结果显示, 高的催化性能来源于高的金属分散度. Pd/WO3-ZrO2 催化剂显示了最高的乙酸选择性 (75%), 而其它两个催化剂的乙酸选择性都非常低 (~10%). 程序升温氧化和程序升温还原结果显示, 贵金属–O 键的键强对产物的选择性具有重要的影响. 弱的贵金属–O 键可以通过将氧插入到乙烯和/或乙醛中而有利于乙酸的生成, 而强的贵金属–O 键会导致乙烯完全氧化为 COx.     

Mn掺杂Ce0.7Zr0.3O2催化剂同时去除碳烟和氮氧化物的性能

采用柠檬酸络合燃烧法制备了一系列x%Mn/Ce0.7Zr0.3O2(x=0,5,10,15,30,50)复合金属氧化物催化剂,对其同时去除柴油机尾气中碳烟颗粒物(PM)和氮氧化物(NOx)反应的催化活性进行了评价,并采用XRD、低温氮吸附-脱附、H2-TPR、O2-TPD和原位漫反射红外光谱(in situ DRIFTS)等技术对催化剂的性能进行了表征。结果表明,不同含量Mn掺杂入铈锆固溶体中均形成了三元固溶体催化剂,在同时去除PM和NOx的催化反应中,固溶体催化剂的催化活性与其氧化能力直接相关。其中30%Mn/Ce0.7Zr0.3O2催化剂具有较好的同时去除PM和NOx的催化活性,催化去除PM的Ti和Tm分别为298和504℃,NO的转化率达到30.6%。结合O2-TPD和原位红外结果可知,30%Mn/Ce0.7Zr0.3O2表面吸附的超氧物种(O2-)及其与NO反应生成的硝酸盐物种(NO3-)是同时去除PM和NO反应的主要活性物种,进而指出PM和NO在30%Mn/Ce0.7Zr0.3O2表面反应过程中形成了异氰酸盐(-NCO)中间物种,在原位红外实验的基础上提出了30%Mn/Ce0.7Zr0.3O2复合氧化物催化剂同时去除PM和NOx的反应机理。     

有机胺修饰的Ru-Ir/γ-Al2O3催化剂上对氯硝基苯选择性加氢

采用浸渍法制备了Ru-Ir/γ-Al2O3双金属催化剂,考察了添加有机胺修饰剂对该催化剂催化对氯硝基苯加氢反应性能的影响.结果表明,添加乙二胺或L-赖氨酸时,催化剂的活性和产物对氯苯胺的选择性均大幅度提高.在乙二胺的存在下,加氢反应的转化率由未添加修饰剂的37.2%提高到95.6%,对氯苯胺的选择性达到100%.同样,L-赖氨酸存在时,催化剂的活性明显增强,副反应完全被抑制.乙二胺或L-赖氨酸对Ru-Ir/γ-Al2O3催化性能的促进作用可能是由于它们与催化剂上的金属活性中心发生配位,导致Ru-Ir/γ-Al2O3上的Ru和Ir两种金属组分之间产生了强烈的协同效应的缘故.     

贵金属负载的棒状ZnO复合光催化剂的制备及其提升的光催化性能

以水热制备的ZnO纳米棒为基底,通过乙二醇液相还原法负载不同贵金属颗粒(Pt、Pd、Ru)构筑贵金属负载的ZnO纳米棒复合光催化剂。实验结果表明在制备条件相同时,Pt/ZnO样品中Pt颗粒尺寸较小,分布均匀;Pd/ZnO样品中Pd颗粒尺寸较大且团聚严重;Ru/ZnO样品则几乎没有Ru颗粒负载。在紫外光照射下降解亚甲基蓝的反应中,Pt/ZnO表现出最高的光催化性能,Pd/ZnO样品次之,而Ru/ZnO则表现出与ZnO纳米棒相似的光催化活性;表明小尺寸和大小均匀的贵金属颗粒对ZnO纳米棒的催化性能有着显著的提升作用。对Pt/ZnO来说,当Pt载量为3.2%时Pt/ZnO催化剂的光催化活性最高。     

新型贵金属修饰的Ag/Al2O3催化剂选择性催化还原NOx的催化性能及反应机理

 在富氧条件下研究了几种贵金属修饰的Ag/Al2O3催化剂选择性催化还原(SCR)NOx的活性和反应机理. 催化活性实验结果表明,在模拟柴油机尾气的实验条件下,5%Ag-0.01%Pd/Al2O3在300~500 ℃范围内显示出很高的NOx转化率,而Pt和Au的添加均使Ag/Al2O3的NOx转化率明显降低. 原位漫反射傅里叶变换红外光谱结果显示,添加少量的Pd在反应过程中有利于丙烯部分氧化形成烯醇式(C=CH-O-)活性中间物种,该物种对NO2和NO-3的反应活性很高,能够生成关键中间体异氰酸酯(-NCO),从而加速NOx催化还原反应.     

Zr掺杂对PdO/Ce_(1-x)Pd_xO_(2-δ)催化剂CO和CH_4催化氧化的影响（英文）

采用溶液燃烧法制备出PdO/Ce_(1-x)Pd_xO_(2-δ)和PdO/Ce_(1-x)Pd_xO_(2-δ)(Pd O/CPZ)催化剂,通过硝酸处理去除催化剂表面的Pd O物种得到对应的Ce_(1-x)Pd_xO_(2-δ)(CP)和Ce_(1-x)Pd_xO_(2-δ)(CPZ)催化剂。考究四种催化剂(Pd O/CP、Pd O/CPZ、CP、CPZ)对CO和CH_4的氧化活性,并计算得出表面Pd O和Pdn+物种的转化频率(TOF)。结果表明Zr的添加对Pd O催化剂上CO和CH_4的催化氧化活性具有不同的影响。Zr的添加对Pd O/CPZ和CPZ催化剂的CO催化活性具有明显的促进作用,前者归因于PdO/CPZ催化剂表面生成了更小颗粒的Pd O粒子,后者归因于CPZ催化剂中含有更多的氧空位。对于CH_4的催化氧化,Pd~(n+)物种起到关键的作用。由于Zr的掺杂导致Ce O2的晶格中Pd物种的含量减少,致使PdO/CPZ催化剂和CPZ催化剂对CH_4氧化活性的降低。     

富氧条件下贵金属催化剂上丙烯选择性还原NO研究

用溶胶-凝胶(Sol-gel)法制备了以γ-Al₂O₃为载体,以Pt,Pd和Rh等为活性组分的单组分及双组分催化剂,在稀燃汽油机条件下评价了丙烯对NO的选择性催化还原活性.结果表明,在单组分催化剂中,催化剂的活性及顺序为Rh(73%)>Pt(65%)>Pd(47%),最高活性对应的温度分别为Pt(225℃),Pd(275℃)和Rh(375℃),N₂选择性顺序为Rh,Pd(>80%)>Pt(48%),氧化性顺序为Pt>Rh>Pd.Sol-gel制备的双组分催化剂中的不同贵金属活性位具有一定的协同效应,可明显拓宽活性温度范围,其中以Pt-Rh组合活性最好.Rh/Al₂O₃和Pt/Al₂O₃两种催化剂分层有序填装时,可提高C₃H₆的利用率,在200～450℃范围内,可有效地催化净化NO.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Cu0-catalysed 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of α-amino acid derived N,N-cyclic azomethine imines to ynones

A series of 20 CuAIAC reactions between eight 4-acylamino substituted pyrazolidine-3-one-1-azomethine imines and four terminal ynones were performed using Cu⁰ as catalyst. The corresponding fluorescent cycloadducts were obtained in very high yields upon simple workup. Thus, Cu-metal turned out to be a better catalyst than Cu^I in terms of yield and ease of isolation. Availability of azomethine imines, mild reaction conditions, and simple workup enable a “click” access to libraries of densely substituted 2,3-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyrazol-1-ones. Reactivity of differently substituted dipoles was evaluated experimentally and by quantum chemical methods (DFT).     

Synthesis and antioxidative/anti-inflammatory activity of novel fullerene–polyamine conjugates

(E)-4-(Fullerenopyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid and its corresponding succinimidyl ester, readily obtained through Prato-type modification of C₆₀, were used for the selective N-acylation of polyamines. The thus obtained conjugates were evaluated for their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity and their cytotoxicity was determined. Members of this family of compounds showed interesting anti-lipid peroxidation, anti-lipoxygenase and anti-inflammatory activity and comparable cytocompatibility to spermidine.