混合稀土储氢合金中氧和氮的测定

研究了混合稀土储氢合金中氧和氮的测定方法。针对稀土金属高温易挥发、分解的特点，选择适宜的加热温度，使用镍浴，选择高温座坩埚进行试验：选择出了合适的助熔剂的预处理方法。方法已用于实际样品。对含氧0．43％、含氮0.018％的试样，分析精密度为氧4．3％，氮5.9％，加标回收率氧为93％～104％，氮为92％～110％。     

铜的铬、钼、钨合金中杂质氧、氮的测定方法研究

研究了铜铬、铜钨、铜钼合金中杂质氧和氮的测定方法. 针对这3种合金试样由熔点相差较大的金属组成的特点, 使用了仪器的程序升温等先进功能, 选用合适的助熔剂的预处理方法, 选择适宜的加热温度, 使用镍助熔剂、高温座坩埚和石墨粉浴进行试验, 获得了满意的测定效果. 对质量分数氧0.048%、氮0.0036%的试样, 其相对标准偏差分别为4.1%、 10.3%; 加标回收率为氧90%～109%、氮91%～117%.     

脉冲色谱法测定金属铬中的氧量

本文用脉冲色谱法测定金属铬中氧含量。选择了实验条件，对助熔剂和浴料进行了研究。建立了镍篮助熔剂－锡浴法。Ｃｒ２Ｏ３回收率为９８％－１０２％，方法精度为２．５％。     

红外吸收法测定碳化铪粉末中的氧含量

应用氧氮分析仪建立碳化铪粉末中氧的测定方法。针对碳化铪熔点极高的特性,对加热功率、称样量和空白值等测定条件进行探讨,选择适合的助熔剂和高温石墨坩埚,确定了最佳测试条件。将该方法用于实际样品测定,测定结果的相对标准偏差小于2.0%(n=9),样品的加标回收率为98.1%～102.6%。     

惰性熔融-红外吸收/热导法测定高铍铍铝合金中氧氮

建立红外吸收/热导法同时测定高铍铍铝合金中氧氮的含量。称取0.03～0.04 g试样,以带盖镍囊(Φ7mm×6 mm)包裹,使用0.1 g纯铜助熔剂及0.05 g纯锡助熔剂为混合浴料,在4 500 W的分析功率下,高纯氦气氛中熔融释放气体,通过红外吸收池测定氧含量,热导池测定氮含量。对氧质量分数为0.217%～0.546%及氮质量分数为0.005 8%～0.012 0%的试样进行测定,测定结果的相对标准偏差分别为1.07%～3.00%(n=8)与4.55%～4.94%(n=8),氧的加标回收率为97.1%～103.8%,氮的加标回收率为95.9%～104.4%。该方法操作简单快捷,测定结果准确。     

脉冲加热-红外法测定超细二硅化钼粉末中氧

本文建立了用TC-600氧氮分析仪测定超细二硅化钼粉末中氧的分析方法.针对二硅化钼超细粉末和高温难熔的特点,对加热功率、助熔剂和进样量等测试条件进行优化,选择最佳测定条件.本方法简便、快速,测定结果准确.氧的回收率为 98.9%～102.0%,相对标准偏差为1.68%.     

红外碳硫测定仪测定铁矿石中硫

采用红外碳硫仪对铁矿石中硫进行测定，通过对助熔剂各类、助熔剂的加入量，助熔剂的比例，称样量、试样加入顺序等条件进行试验，选择了测定铁矿石中硫的最佳条件，此法的测定范围为0．01％－4．0％。     

脉冲加热-红外吸收、热导法测定粉末高温合金中氧、氮

利用脉冲加热-红外吸收、热导法测定粉末态粉末高温合金中氧、氮含量.通过助熔剂试验,确定了用镍盒包裹试样来分析样品的方法.结果表明粉末高温合金试样中总氧量的测定相对标准偏差RSD为4.2%,总氮量的测定相对标准偏差RSD为20%.分析标钢中氧的回收率为91.7%～110.8%.氮的回收率为95.9%～108.2%.     

惰性气体熔融-红外/热导法测定二硼化钛增强铝基复合材料粉中氧、氮

建立惰性气体熔融-红外/热导法测定增材制造用TiB_2增强铝基复合材料粉中氧和氮含量的分析方法。采用单因素法,对仪器功率、助熔剂种类和称样量等实验条件进行优化选择。以镍箔-镍篮为空白样品,以11次空白样品测定结果标准偏差的3倍作为检出限,计算得氧、氮检出限分别为0.000 8%、0.001 0%。实际样品测定结果的相对标准偏差均小于5%(n=7),氧、氮的加标回收率为95.8%～106.6%。该方法操作过程简单,满足TiB_2增强铝基复合材料粉中氧、氮元素含量的测定要求。     

助熔剂对煤焦高温气化反应性的影响

研究了平顶山十二矿高灰熔点煤灰分别添加助熔剂(氧化钙和三氧化二铁)后灰熔点的变化规律，并考察了1 300 ℃～1 550 ℃范围内适宜助熔剂添加量下煤焦的气化反应性变化规律。实验表明：以灰的流动温度（t3）为选择依据，十二矿煤助熔剂氧化钙、三氧化二铁的适宜添加量相应为：3%～7%和5%～10%；助熔剂添加量对煤焦气化反应性的影响与气化温度密切相关。较低气化温度时，煤焦的气化反应性随添加量的增加而提高，但随温度的提高，助熔剂添加量对煤焦反应性的影响逐渐减弱，温度升至1 550 ℃时，助熔剂的影响几乎消失。助熔剂在高温下的熔融、团聚导致其在煤焦中分散性的改变，从而使助熔剂在较低温度下具有的催化作用很快消失，这可能是高气化温度下煤焦气化反应性不受助熔剂影响的最重要原因之一。     

Ti-V基储氢合金及其氢化物的物相结构与组分优化设计

Ti-V基储氢合金在室温、常压下即可表现出良好的储氢特性,且质量储氢容量明显高于传统AB₅型储氢合金,从而在氢气的精制和回收、运输和储存及热泵等方面有较早的应用。 此外,在混合气体分离、核反应堆中处理氢的同位素、镍氢电池及燃料电池负极材料等方面也得到了广泛的研究与关注。 基于目前Ti-V基储氢合金的研究现状,概述了该类合金的优势、限制性因素(包括成因)及改性手段。 此外,为了进一步理解Ti-V基合金储氢机理、构建合金组分与储氢特性之间的对应关系,本工作重点围绕Ti-V基储氢合金及其氢化物的结构、组分优化设计展开综述,并对其未来研究方向做出展望。     

四环素-铕与卵磷脂的相互作用及卵磷脂的测定

以四环素(TC)-Eu3 作为荧光探针,提出了新的荧光光度法测量卵磷脂(PC)。在pH 5.7的酸度条件下,扫描不同浓度的PC与TC-Eu3 的荧光光谱。通过优化实验条件,得到了测定PC的最佳条件。卵磷脂能使TC-Eu3 位于612 nm处的特征荧光显著增强且增强的荧光强度与PC的量成正比。测量的线性范围为4.0×10-7~1.4×10-5mol/L,检出限为3.9×10-8mol/L。该方法已用于实际样品的测定。     

Synthesis and structure of hydroxyisoxazolidines and derivatives of hydroxylamine and alkenals

The reactions of N-substituted hydroxylamines with alkenals serve as a method for the synthesis of the corresponding 2-substituted 3(5)-hydroxyisoxazolidines. The reaction pathway is determined by the nature of the substituent attached to the nitrogen atom. Ring-chain isomerism has been detected in these newly obtained compoundsTranslated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 9, pp. 1270–1276, September, 1987.     

Ni(Ⅱ)和Zn(Ⅱ)的乙基黄原酸盐与吡啶碱配合物的合成及性质的研究

乙基黄原酸基的结构为:(简写为Exan,它是一个双齿配体,能和许多金属离子形成稳定配合物。 本文依据实验结果,对3种Ni(Ⅱ)和2种Zn(Ⅱ)的乙基黄原酸盐混合配合物的性质作一些系统的比较.应用红外光谱讨论这些混合配合物的C—O及C—S键振动频率位移;用热谱讨论它们的热稳定性及失重过程的变化;通过组成分析用电子光谱及磁学方     

红霉素9,11-亚胺醚和乙腈分子加合物的合成和晶体结构

通过控制红霉素A (E)肟的贝克曼重排反应条件合成了一种关键中间体红霉素9,11-亚胺醚, 该化合物可与乙腈形成稳定的分子加合物(摩尔比为1∶1), 未见文献报道. 阐述了该化合物的合成、晶体结构、晶体学数据和结构参数. 该化合物为无色透明晶体, 属单斜晶系, 空间群P2₁. 对该加合物和已知化合物红霉素6,9-亚胺醚晶体结构的对照解析, 有助于对重排反应机理、异构化机理和两异构体还原差异性的分析, 对重排反应和还原反应起到积极的指导作用.     

Sizes of atoms and ions and covalency of bonding in molecules and crystals

A new system of atomic radii for the elements up to barium inclusive is constructed. Values of the radii are chosen so as the dependence between the dissociation energy of diatomic homonuclear molecules and a depth of atom overlapping is monotonous, and the scatter of data is minimal. The depth of overlapping is calculated as a difference between the sum of atomic radii and an experimental interatomic distance. Conclusions are made that: the radii of free atoms and ions are determined by the value of the electron density equal to 0.01 au; they considerably change in molecules and crystals only as a result of the charge transfer from cation to anion; covalent bonding is well described by the overlapping of free atoms (ions), confined by the surface of the given radius, and its energy depends upon the depth of overlapping of valence electron densities of atoms. A method of overlapping atoms is proposed for the approximate estimation of ionic sizes and charges in bound systems.     

Interaction and Stability of Mixed Micelle and Monolayer of Nonionic and Cationic Surfactant Mixtures

Interaction and stability of binary mixtures of cationic surfactants hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (HTAB) or hexadecylpyridinium bromide (HPyBr) with nonionic surfactant decanoyl-N-methyl-glucamide (Mega-10) have been studied at different mole fraction of cationic surfactants by using interfacial tension measurements and fluorescence probe techniques. From interfacial tension measurements, the critical micellar concentration and various interfacial thermodynamic parameters have been evaluated. The experimental cmc's were analyzed with the pseudophase separation model, the regular solution theory, and the Maeda's approach. These approaches allowed us to determine the interaction parameter and composition in the mixed state. By using the static quenching method, the mean micellar aggregation numbers of pure and mixed micelles of HTAB + Mega-10 were obtained. It has been observed that the aggregation number of mixed micelles deviates negatively from the ideal behavior. The micropolarity of the micelle was monitored with pyrene fluorescence intensity ratio and found to be increase with the increase of ionic content. The polarization of fluorescence probe Rhodamine B was monitored at different mole fraction of cationic surfactants.     

多环芳二酐型聚酯亚胺膜的透气性能

多环芳二酐型聚酯亚胺膜的透气性能李悦生，丁孟贤，徐纪平（浙江大学高分子科学与工程研究所，杭州，３１００２７）（中国科学院长春应用化学研究所）关键词聚醚酰亚胺，聚酯酰亚胺，膜，透气性通常的聚酰亚胺加工性能较差，在芳环二酐的苯环间引入醚键等柔性基团后，其...     

Synthesis and characterization of triazenide and triazene complexes of ruthenium and osmium

Triazenide [M(eta2-1,3-ArNNNAr)P4]BPh4 [M = Ru, Os; Ar = Ph, p-tolyl; P = P(OMe)3, P(OEt)3, PPh(OEt)2] complexes were prepared by allowing triflate [M(kappa2-OTf)P4]OTf species to react first with 1,3-ArN=NN(H)Ar triazene and then with an excess of triethylamine. Alternatively, ruthenium triazenide [Ru(eta2-1,3-ArNNNAr)P4]BPh4 derivatives were obtained by reacting hydride [RuH(eta2-H2)P4]+ and RuH(kappa1-OTf)P4 compounds with 1,3-diaryltriazene. The complexes were characterized by spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography of the [Ru(eta2-1,3-PhNNNPh){P(OEt)3}4]BPh4 derivative. Hydride triazene [OsH(eta1-1,3-ArN=NN(H)Ar)P4]BPh4 [P = P(OEt)3, PPh(OEt)2; Ar = Ph, p-tolyl] and [RuH{eta1-1,3-p-tolyl-N=NN(H)-p-tolyl}{PPh(OEt)2}4]BPh4 derivatives were prepared by allowing kappa1-triflate MH(kappa1-OTf)P4 to react with 1,3-diaryltriazene. The [Os(kappa1-OTf){eta1-1,3-PhN=NN(H)Ph}{P(OEt)3}4]BPh4 intermediate was also obtained. Variable-temperature NMR studies were carried out using 15N-labeled triazene complexes prepared from the 1,3-Ph15N=N15N(H)Ph ligand. Osmium dihydrogen [OsH(eta2-H2)P4]BPh4 complexes [P = P(OEt)3, PPh(OEt)2] react with 1,3-ArN=NN(H)Ar triazene to give the hydride-diazene [OsH(ArN=NH)P4]BPh4 derivatives. The X-ray crystal structure determination of the [OsH(PhN=NH){PPh(OEt)2}4]BPh4 complex is reported. A reaction path to explain the formation of the diazene complexes is also reported.