NaOH皂化反相高效液相色谱法测定雨生红球藻中虾青素

建立了一种雨生红球藻中虾青素酯皂化的反相高效液相色谱方法。采用二极管阵列检测器（DAD）在476nm处进行检测,虾青素在15min内得到了较好的分离。虾青素的含量在1～15mg／L范围内与峰面积具有良好的线性关系,相关系数为0．9993;方法的检出限为0．049mg／L,RSD为3．27％,及回收率为100．7％。应用本法测定出雨生红球藻中虾青素的总含量为9．79～24．70mg／L。     

测定雨生红球藻中虾青素及其它色素含量的高效液相色谱法

建立了一种分离和测定雨生红球藻中虾青素和其它色素的反相高效液相色谱法 ;含有雨生红球藻细胞的培养液经离心分离 ,匀浆破碎 ,用甲醇 -二氯甲烷 (体积比3∶1)提取色素 ,提取液用HPLC分离测定 ;分析柱为Nova_PakC18(300mm×3.9mmID ,5μm)柱 ,流动相为水、甲醇和丙酮 ,流速1.0mL/min ,用二极管阵列检测器在250～700nm波长范围扫描 ,在476nm处进行检测 ;虾青素、多种类胡萝卜素和叶绿素在30min内得到较好分离 ,其中游离虾青素、斑蝥黄质和 β_胡萝卜素的检出限分别为3.56、1.36和29.4μg/L,这3种类胡萝卜素分别在质量浓度为1.99～31.7mg/L、2.44～39.0mg/L、2.25～36.0mg/L范围内与峰面积线性关系良好 ,相关系数分别为0.9993、0.9987和0.9778;该法的精密度 (RSD为0.09 %～2.97% )和回收率(96%～102 % )均符合方法学要求 ,可以用于研究和测定雨生红球藻中虾青素和其它色素的含量     

高效液相色谱法测定栅藻中5种类胡萝卜素的含量

建立了栅藻中虾青素、叶黄素、玉米黄质、角黄素和β-胡萝卜素5种类胡萝卜素的C30-反相高效液相色谱测定方法。冻干的藻粉经二甲基亚砜、二氯甲烷∶甲醇(25∶75,V/V)混合溶剂超声提取后,经0.107mol/L NaOH-甲醇溶液4℃下黑暗冷皂化12h,采用YMC-carotenoid C30色谱柱(250×4.6mm,5μm),以甲醇、甲基叔丁基醚、水组成的流动相梯度洗脱,紫外检测器450nm检测。在优化实验条件下,5种色素可以很好地从藻粉中提取出来并且转化为游离的类胡萝卜素,并且在不同浓度下其峰强度和质量浓度呈良好的线性。虾青素、叶黄素、玉米黄质、角黄素和β-胡萝卜素的平均回收率范围为101%~107%,平均相对标准偏差范围为0.49%~2.78%,检出限范围为0.05~0.3μg/mL。该方法操作简单准确、可靠,可同时定量分析栅藻中上述5种类胡萝卜素的含量。     

高效液相色谱法检测南极磷虾油中总虾青素含量

建立了一种检测南极磷虾油中总虾青素含量的高效液相色谱方法。样品采用Na OH-甲醇溶液皂化后加入Na HSO4终止反应,反应液经正己烷液液萃取净化,采用C18液相色谱柱分离,二极管阵列检测器在476 nm波长进行测定,虾青素在5 min内得到较好分析。考察了皂化时间对虾青素酯皂化效率的影响,研究结果显示,皂化30 min为最佳反应时间。虾青素含量在0.2~20.0 mg/L范围内与其峰面积呈良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.999 9,检出限为0.005 mg/kg,定量下限为0.2 mg/kg。日内精密度(RSD)≤3.4%,日间RSD≤4.3%,南极磷虾油样品的加标回收率为90.2%~95.2%。该方法的线性范围宽、准确性好、精密度高,样品前处理方法简便,适用于南极磷虾油中总虾青素含量的分析检测。     

GPC-HPLC法测定南极磷虾油中虾青素及校正因子计算

以保健食品南极磷虾油为研究对象,建立了测定南极磷虾油中虾青素含量的全自动凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)净化-高效液相色谱分析方法。样品采用GPC净化,NaOH甲醇溶液皂化后,经C30液相色谱柱分离后测定。考察了皂化溶剂、加碱量、皂化时间等对虾青素皂化效率的影响以及pH对溶液稳定性的影响,并对虾青素异构体的校正因子进行了计算,确定了虾青素的定量方式。南极磷虾油中虾青素的定量限为0.5 mg/kg;在0.1～5 mg/L时峰强度与质量浓度的线性关系良好(r>0.999);加标回收率为96%～98.5%;相对标准偏差为3.0%～5.6%。方法适用于南极磷虾油中虾青素的实际检测。     

高效液相色谱–光电二极管阵列法测定虾青素的含量

建立虾青素含量测定的高效液相色谱–光电二极管阵列法。采用Purospher STAR RP 18(4.6 mm×250mm,5μm)色谱柱,以甲醇–水(体积比为95∶5)为流动相,流速1.0 mL/min,检测波长为482 nm,柱温为30℃,进样量为20μL。在所选定的液相色谱条件下,虾青素主峰与其它杂质峰分离良好,虾青素在0.2~16μg/mL范围内线性良好,线性相关系数r=0.999 9,检出限为0.01μg/mL,测定结果的相对标准偏差为0.42%(n=6),平均回收率为100.4%。该法分析快速准确、灵敏度高、重现性好。     

超高效液相色谱法测定虾青素

建立超高效液相色谱法快速检测虾青素的方法。采用UPLC BEH C_8色谱柱(50 mm×2.1 mm,1.7μm),考察了流动相、流量及柱温对虾青素样品分离的影响,确定了最佳色谱条件:等度洗脱,流动相为甲醇–水(体积比为75∶25),流量为0.5 mL/min,柱温为40℃,检测波长为475 nm。虾青素的质量浓度在0.2~10.0μg/mL范围内与其色谱峰面积呈良好的线性关系,线性相关系数r=0.998 8,检出限(S/N=3)为0.1μg/mL,定量限(S/N=10)为0.2μg/mL。测定结果的相对标准偏差为0.41%(n=6),加标回收率为105.8%~110.3%。该方法快速、简单、可靠、灵敏、重复性好,可用于虾青素有关样品的快速检测。     

反相高效液相色谱法检测虾青素

建立了一种快速检测虾青素的高效液相色谱法。色谱柱为D ikm a D iamonsilTM-C18(250 mm×4.6 mmi.d.,5μm),柱温为25℃,甲醇为流动相,检测波长为478 nm。虾青素的质量浓度在1~10μg/mL内与色谱峰面积线性关系良好,相关系数为0.999 7,该方法测定结果的相对标准偏差为0.38%(n=6),回收率为99.7%。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定淡水养殖池塘水体及鱼虾体内的藻毒素

采用高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定了淡水养殖池塘水体及鱼虾体内藻毒素MC-LR和MC-RR。水样经微孔滤膜过滤后,通过固相萃取柱富集净化。鱼、虾冻干后粉碎,以甲醇水溶液提取,提取液经固相萃取柱富集净化。采用UPLC BEH C18色谱柱(100×2.1mm,3.5μm),以0.1%甲酸水溶液和含0.1%甲酸乙腈溶液为流动相,质谱采用选择离子监测模式测量。结果表明,藻毒素的质量浓度在0.5~500μg·L~(-1)范围内时,峰面积与样品浓度呈良好线性关系。MC-LR和MC-RR的方法检出限分别为0.05μg·L~(-1)和0.08μg·L~(-1)。藻毒素在空白水样中的加标回收率为88.5%~98.5%,相对标准偏差为5.2%~8.3%;在鱼、虾组织中的加标回收率为63.8%~85.2%,相对标准偏差为6.7%~9.8%。实际测得某养殖池塘水中存在藻毒素污染,且部分水产品中检测到了MC-LR和MC-RR。     

高效液相色谱法测定油脂类保健食品中虾青素

提出了高效液相色谱法测定油脂类保健食品中虾青素含量的方法。样品经乙腈提取,提取液浓缩后,用Dikma C18色谱柱(4.6mm×250mm,5μm)分离,用不同配比的乙腈和水的混合溶液为流动相梯度洗脱,用紫外检测器于波长479nm处检测。虾青素的质量浓度在30.0～300mg.L-1范围内与其峰面积呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)为0.07mg.L-1。在空白样品中进行加标回收试验,方法的回收率在90.0%～96.7%之间;方法的相对标准偏差(n=6)为2.8%。     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

A carbanion induced synthesis of highly congested pyrazole and imidazole containing heterocycles

An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo- and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines via modified Pictet–Spengler reaction

An efficient tandem approach for the selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 6a–g and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 7a–h by the reaction of 2-imidazolyl anilines 4a–c with aryl aldehydes 5a–k under mild reaction conditions is described. Introduction of electron releasing alkyl groups in substrates 4a–b was found to be instrumental for the success of the reaction.     

Understanding the Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-azaborine analogues

The Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-heteroborines (H₄C₄B(H)X, X?=?NH, PH, AsH; O, S, Se) has been computationally explored by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The influence of the HB?=?X fragment on the reactivity of the system has been quantitatively analyzed in detail by means of the so-called Activation Strain Model (ASM) of reactivity. It is found that the interaction between these species and the dienophile is significantly stronger than that computed for their all-carbon isoelectronic counterpart, benzene. In addition, the strain energy plays a key role in the observed reactivity trends. The role of the aromaticity strength of these heteroarenes on the reactivity is also assessed.