载钯聚苯胺/聚砜复合膜修饰电极对甲酸的电催化氧化

采用电化学聚合法在铂电极表面制备了三维网状结构的聚苯胺(PAN)/聚砜(PSF)复合膜,并以此为载体制备了Pd/PAN/PSF复合膜电极,并用扫描电子显微镜对复合膜的微观形貌进行了表征。结果显示,此复合膜具有双层多孔结构,Pd纳米粒子在复合膜上平均粒径小、分散性好,有效地改善了Pd粒子的分散度和电极结构。电化学测试结果表明,Pd/PAN/PSF复合膜修饰电极对甲酸的电催化性能明显优于直接电沉积Pd的聚苯胺电极,并且表现出较高的稳定性。     

抗坏血酸在铂纳米粒子/碳纳米管/聚吡咯复合修饰电极上的电化学行为

研究了抗坏血酸在铂纳米粒子/碳纳米管/聚吡咯复合膜修饰电极上的电化学行为,发现复合修饰电极对抗坏血酸的电化学反应具有较好的电催化作用,与空白电极相比电化学氧化电流增加了7倍。用电化学阻抗谱研究了电子在修饰电极界面上的传输过程,发现修饰电极的电催化性能与修饰电极可以提高界面电子传输能力是相关的。同时研究了碳纳米管用量、支持电解质、扫速、电沉积条件等因素对抗坏血酸在修饰电极上电化学行为的影响。     

甲醇在铂修饰的氧化钛电极上电催化氧化行为的研究

运用电化学方法评价了电化学阴极还原-阳极氧化两步法制得的以钛为基体的铂修饰的钛氧化物(Pt-TiO_x/Ti)电极对甲醇电催化氧化的性能,结果表明,制得的修饰电极对甲醇氧化呈现了很高的电催化活性和好的稳定性.通过X光电子能谱(XPS)、扫描隧道显微镜(STM)和现场傅立叶变换红外(FTIR)反射光谱等技术,发现修饰电极对甲醇氧化具有高的电催化性能,可归属于纳米级Pt粒子在TiO_x中的高度分散及由于Pt和TiO_x的相互作用,使电极表面对甲醇氧化中间产物CO的吸附量大大降低.     

多层聚吡咯-铂复合膜电极的甲醇电催化氧化

应用循环伏安法电沉积多层聚吡咯-铂复合膜电极,研究该电极的甲醇电催化氧化性能.循环伏安和计时安培法测试表明,该复合膜电极具有更好的甲醇电催化活性和抗毒性.铂量增加,电极反应控制步骤将由CO氧化转化为甲醇的吸附脱氢.     

基于聚苯胺-普鲁士蓝/普鲁士蓝复合膜的过氧化氢电化学传感器的制备及表征

利用聚苯胺和普鲁士蓝的协同作用,构建了聚苯胺-普鲁士蓝/普鲁士蓝复合膜的H2O2电化学传感器.聚苯胺的带正电骨架和带负电的普鲁士蓝粒子相互吸引,且聚苯胺提供了很多氧化还原位点,有利于普鲁士蓝粒子的进一步均匀生长,使制备的传感器具备优异的电催化性能.采用扫描电镜和电化学方法对修饰电极进行了表征.在最佳实验条件下,该修饰电极不仅表面具有致密均匀的结构,而且具备在弱碱性条件下良好的电化学操作稳定性,为搭建以H2O2传感为基础的新型传感器提供了一个新的思路.     

Pt微粒修饰纳米纤维聚苯胺电极对甲醇氧化电催化

以脉冲电流法制备的纳米纤维状聚苯胺(PANI)为Pt催化剂载体，用它制备了甲醇阳极氧化的催化电极Pt/（nano-fibular PANI）.研究结果表明, Pt/（nano-fibular PANI）电极对甲醇氧化具有很好的电催化活性,并有协同催化作用.在相同的Pt载量条件下， Pt/（nano-fibular PANI）电极比Pt微粒修饰的颗粒状聚苯胺电极Pt/(granular PANI)具有更好的电催化活性.此外， Pt的电沉积修饰方法同样影响Pt/（nano-fibular PANI）电极对甲醇氧化的催化活性.脉冲电流法沉积Pt形成的复合电极较循环伏安法电沉积得到的Pt复合电极具有更优异的催化活性.     

四组分纳米结构复合电极的制备及电化学性能

在5 mmol/L H2 PtCl6的稀硫酸溶液中,采用循环伏安法(CV),扫描电位为～0.2～0.6V和0.0～0.6v,分别扫描30和15循环,在碳纳米管/纳米TiO2-聚苯胺复合膜上实现了Pt纳米粒子的高度有效分散,得到多壁碳纳米管/纳米TiO2-聚苯胺载铂四组分纳米结构复合电极,通过CV法和计时电位法并结合扫描电镜对复合电极的电化学性质和结构进行表征,研究了复合电极对葡萄糖的电催化氧化性能.结果表明,该复合电极对葡萄糖的电氧化有高催化活性,具有性能稳定、重现性好、抗毒化作用强、能耐高温、易保存且使用寿命较长的优点.     

铂微粒修饰的聚苯胺薄膜电极对甲醛氧化的电催化作用

以电位扫描法把铂微粒沉积在聚苯胺（ＰＡｎ）薄膜是上以制得铂微粒修饰的聚苯胺薄膜电极。该电极的催化活性以甲醛在０．５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ硫酸溶液中的电化学氧化测定。它集催化活性和电活性于一体，对甲醛在酸性介质中的电化学氧化显示了非常高的电催化活性。较之裸铂电极，ＰＡｎ薄膜电极，其催化电流提高１０倍。铂微粒的大小，分布和载量，甲醛的浓度，基体金属的种类等因素对电极材料的催化活性均有影响。     

石墨烯/铂纳米粒子杂化膜测定肾上腺素

利用循环伏安法制备了石墨烯/铂纳米粒子杂化膜修饰电极,并利用该修饰电极研究了肾上腺素（EP）的电化学行为,建立了测定肾上腺素的电化学方法。 分别利用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和循环伏安法对电极表面的形貌和电化学性能进行了表征。 试验优化了修饰电极制备过程中影响电极性能的条件和EP的测定条件。 试验结果表明,石墨烯/铂纳米粒子修饰电极对肾上腺素有明显的电催化作用。 在pH=5.0的柠檬酸 磷酸氢二钠缓冲溶液中,EP的氧化峰电流与其浓度在4.4×10-8~2.2×10-6 mol/L的范围内呈良好的线性关系。 线性方程为ipa(10 μA)=0.0753c(mol/L)+3.7653×10-5,r=0.9989,检出限为2.2×10-9 mol/L（S/N=3）。 修饰电极表具有良好的重现性,可用于实际样品的测定。     

Au-PtNPs/SWNT复合材料修饰电极的电化学制备及其应用

在室温条件下,利用恒电位吸附法和多电位阶跃法制备了金-铂纳米粒子(Au-PtNPs)/单壁碳纳米管(SWNT)复合材料修饰电极,并利用电化学方法和原子力显微镜(AFM)对其进行了表征。结果表明:Au-Pt-NPs可很好的结合在SWNT表面,在该电极的最佳修饰条件下(SWNT分散液中电沉积30 s,H2PtO6中浸泡10 min,循环阶跃沉积金纳米粒子45次(葡萄糖)或30次(甲醇))可以较好的电催化氧化碱性环境中的葡萄糖及甲醇,有望在葡萄糖无酶传感器及甲醇燃料电池中得到应用。     

Platinum-modified polyaniline/polysulfone composite film electrodes and their electrocatalytic activity for methanol oxidation

The polyaniline/polysulfone (PAN/PSF) composite films were prepared by electropolymerization, and then platinum was deposited into this composite film to obtain the platinum-modified polyaniline/polysulfone(Pt/PAN/PSF) composite film electrodes. Their component, morphology and structure were characterized by FTIR spectra, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The results show that the composite film has a bi-layer structure with asymmetrical pores, and the platinum particles are homogeneously dispersed in the modified film electrodes. The cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy techniques were applied to investigate the electrochemical properties and the electrocatalytic activity of the modified film electrodes, which show a promotive action for methanol oxidation and the methanol oxidation under a diffusion-controlled process.     

聚苯胺/聚砜复合材料的制备及其超级电容性能

通过化学聚合法,制备出盐酸掺杂聚苯胺（PANI）,将其与聚砜（PSF）溶液混合,定量滴加到玻碳电极上制得PANI/PSF复合膜电极。 采用扫描电子显微镜、红外光谱以及X射线衍射对其结构和形貌进行表征。 根据循环伏安曲线、恒电流充放电曲线和电化学阻抗,研究了其作为电极的超级电容性能。 结果表明,多孔结构的PANI/PSF复合材料具有良好的电容性能,其比电容可达到497 F/g,并且该超级电容器具有较小的内阻和较好的循环稳定性。     

CeO_2/Pt复合电极及其电催化特性

应用恒电位沉积(psd)和电位脉冲沉积(ppd)法在Pt基底制备CeO2/Pt复合电极,用能量色散X射线光谱(EDX)和X射线衍射(XRD)检测CeO2纳米粒子的成分和结构,场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)观察样品形貌.结果表明:CeO2颗粒细小、致密.在KOH溶液中,CeO2/Pt对甲醇氧化和氧还原有电催化作用;若在稀硫酸中溶除CeO2/Pt电极(ppd)的部分CeO2,则电极的电催化作用进一步增强.     

Characterization of stainless steel electrode modified by a thin film of polyaniline containing pt particles and its electrocatalytic activity for methanol oxidation

The catalytic behavior of stainless steel (SS) electrode modified by a thin film of polyaniline (PANI) containing platinum particles was studied for electrooxidation of methanol and compared with a platinated Pt/PANI electrode in acidic aqueous solution. Cyclic voltammetry (CV), chronoamperometry, CO stripping techniques were used to investigate electrochemical properties and electrocatalytic activity of SS/PANI/Pt and Pt/PANI/Pt electrodes. The morphology and particle size of Pt catalysts were characterized by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) measurement. The effects of various parameters such as thickness of polymer film, medium temperature and stability of the modified electrodes on methanol oxidation were also investigated. The results indicated that the modified SS electrode exhibited a considerably high electrocatalytic activity on the methanol oxidation as well as the modified Pt electrode.     

Immobilization of cytochrome c on polyaniline/polypyrrole/carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotube/glassy carbon electrode: biosensor fabrication

Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry - A modified electrode PAN/PPY/cMWCNTs composed of polyaniline/polypyrrole (PAN/PPY) bilayer conducting polymer film, carboxylated multi-walled carbon...     

Polyaniline/poly(vinyl alcohol) (PAN/PVA) composite films: the synergy of film structural stiffening, redox amplification, and mobile species compositional dynamics

In this work, we report an unexpected but significant improvement of the redox behavior of conducting polyaniline (PAN) films by trapping intrinsically nonconducting poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) in the matrix of the polymer acting as stiffening and/or cross-linking agents. Film structural stiffening of PAN/PVA inclusion was studied in relation to film compositional dynamics. PAN and PAN/PVA composite films were potentiodynamically deposited using high-frequency electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance under electrochemical potentiodynamic control. From the simultaneously obtained measurements of nanogravimetric and cyclic voltammetric data, it has been found that the presence of PVA in the deposition solution increased the rate of PAN film growth as a function of PVA concentration. Characterization of the resultant composite films in monomer-free acidic electrolyte solutions showed significantly enhanced redox behavior of PAN/PVA composite films (with different PVA contents) compared to pure PAN by a factor of ～2–4. For the study of structure–composition relationships of composite polymer films, fluxes of instantaneous mobile species dynamics (ion/solvent) as a function of film redox conversion and potential cycling were correlated with film structural stiffening and the observed unusual redox enhancement of PAN/PVA composite films. Using various experimental timescales, we were able to resolve bound (associated with ion transfer) and free solvent compositional dynamics (associated with thermodynamic activity balance).     

Preparation of PANI/PSF conductive composite films and their characteristic

Polyaniline (PANI)/polysulfone (PSF) composite films are successfully prepared by phase separation and one-step in-situ polymerization. It is found that the head-on face (in contact with solution) of the films is green while the back face is white. The chemical component and the surface morphology of both surfaces of the films are characterized by FT-IR spectra and SEM, respectively. The effect of the polymerization temperature, time and concentration of the reactants on the electrical properties of the films are discussed in details. The thermo-oxidative degradation of the films is studied by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results indicate that the thermal stability of the PANI/PSF films is higher than that of the pure PSF film. __________ Translated from Journal of Northwest Normal University (Natural Science), 2005, 39(11) (in Chinese)     

Electrocatalytic activity of platinum—polyaniline and palladium—polyaniline systems obtained by cycling the electrode potential

Steady-state current densities of electrooxidation of CH₃OH, HCOOH, and CO at the Pt-PAN-GC electrodes (where PAN and GC stand for polyaniline and glassy carbon, respectively) and those of electrooxidation of HCOOH at the Pd-PAN-GC electrodes are measured (per cm₂ of the true metal-catalyst surface area). The found higher activity of Pt and Pd particles incorporated in PAN, as compared with Pt/Pt and Pd/Pt, is attributed to interaction between metal-catalyst particles and the polymeric matrix. The activation effect is the most pronounced for the HCOOH electrooxidation at Pd-PAN-GC. The data concerning hydrogen evolution testify in favor of a decrease in exchange currents of this reaction upon going from Pt to Pt-PAN-GC electrodes     

聚苯胺/二氧化钛复合薄膜的制备及其气敏性能

室温条件下, 运用静电力自组装和原位化学氧化聚合相结合的方法制备了聚苯胺/纳米二氧化钛(PANI/TiO2)复合薄膜和聚苯胺(PANI)薄膜, 并通过XPS和SEM对薄膜进行了分析表征. 采用平面叉指电极式器件制备了PANI/TiO2复合薄膜和PANI薄膜气体传感器, 研究了其在常温下对有毒气体NH3和CO 的敏感性能. 结果表明, PANI/TiO2复合薄膜较PANI薄膜具有更优的灵敏度和响应恢复特性.     

等离子体聚合法修饰半导体光电极的研究——聚丙烯腈/n-GaAs,n-GaP电极

Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) film attached to n-GaAs, n-GaP photoelectrode surface by plasma polymerization has been studied. Both electrochemical behaviors and stability of the modified electrodes have been investigated. The results showed that the semiconductor electrodes with PAN film decreased photocorrosion in a certain degree, and their electrochemical characteristics and stability were improved remarkably after plasma doping. Cyclic voltammetric analysis demonstrated that the redox reaction occurred in I-PAN films could be carried out rapidly on electrode surfaces, in favor of the capture and transfer of photoinduced holes by the films to redox couples in solution.