准圆周薄层色谱上行展开的研究

圆周薄层色谱能将样品展开为很细的谱线,具有较高的分辨能力,常用于分析一些难分离的物质。这种色谱方法过去只能采用水平展开方法。我们将普通薄层板修饰成特定形状,用最常见的上行展开法获得近似于圆周薄层的色谱。方法不需要特殊展开装置,应用于皂苷、生物碱的分离鉴定取得很好效果。     

氨基酸在薄层原位的傅里叶变换表面增强拉曼光谱

应用表面增强技术将薄层色谱与红外傅里叶变换拉曼光谱联用，在薄层色谱原位获得两种氨基酸光谱。研究表明，在薄层原位微量样品的ＮＩＲ－ＦＴ－ＳＥＲＳ光谱与纯固体样品ＦＴ－Ｒａｍａｎ光谱的主要特征谱带频率基本一致，在银微粒作用下，色氨酸分子中吲哚环环伸缩振动获最大增强，组氨酸分子中Ｃ＝Ｎ双键的伸缩振动是明显增强，对８μｇ样品就能在薄层色谱原位较可靠地反映了分子的结构信息。     

径向展开薄层色谱法分离生物碱及其分离效能

径向展开薄层色谱法是一种将样品由中心沿径向向外展开的简便、快速、高效的色谱方法。该文组装了简单的径向展开薄层色谱装置,并建立了朱砂安神丸的径向展开薄层色谱检测法,对其中的生物碱成分进行分离,研究了径向展开薄层色谱的分离特性。从薄层色谱基础理论出发,对径向展开薄层色谱和一般薄层色谱的分离效能进行了比对研究,设计试验进行计算和求解。证明了径向展开薄层色谱法更快、更高效、更经济,适用于生物碱等高极性样品分离。探索了径向展开薄层色谱法高分离效率的理论根源,这一研究思路也为理论创新提供了新的方法和思路。     

计算机辅助一清片径向展开薄层色谱定性与定量方法初探

径向薄层色谱法（RTLC）是一种将样品呈圆形或环状点样,然后将展开剂从中心向外沿径向输送的薄层色谱方法。在一定的展开距离内,RTLC是一种分离快速、扩散小、不拖尾的高效分离和半制备方法。目前关于RTLC分离的报道较多,但对RTLC定性和定量的报道较少。该文采用自编程方式结合图像处理软件,实现RTLC图像数字化处理,形成RTLC数字化图谱,并对RTLC进行定性与定量方法学验证,建立了一清片RTLC定性与定量方法。辅助计算机技术,对一清片径向展开薄层色谱定性与定量方法进行初探。结果表明,该方法用于RTLC定性的可靠度较好,但用于RTLC的定量,仍有不足之处,这可能与实验环境条件等有关。通过搭载更好的分离和数据采集设备,RTLC会有适合的用武之地。计算机图像处理和自编程方法的结合给了RTLC和其他一些分析相关的技术广阔的发展前景。相信未来在计算机技术的辅助下,薄层色谱技术会迈上一个新的台阶。     

以单质硫为固定相的薄层色谱-红外光谱技术

以中红外光透明的单质硫作为薄层色谱的新型固定相.减小固定相颗粒大小有助于分离,因此通过优化实验条件制备了粒径约为500 nm的硫颗粒,并用其制备了普通的薄层板和窄带薄层板以开展原位薄层色谱-红外光谱联用分析.以罗丹明B和龙胆紫以及罗丹明B和溴酚蓝为研究对象,实验结果表明,以单质硫作为新型固定相的薄层板具备一定的分离混合组分的能力,且不影响分离组分的红外检测,可以实现薄层色谱-红外光谱联用分析.     

色谱法研究杂多酸Ⅶ: 杂多酸薄层色谱分离及测定

本文研究了杂多酸的TBA及无机阳离子两种不同类型盐的薄层色谱特性,探讨了实验条件对两种类型杂多酸盐薄层色谱分离的影响,选择合适的条件可使杂多酸盐各组分得到分离.以薄层色谱扫描仪对分离后的样品斑点进行扫描测定,得到满意的结果.     

薄层色谱扫描法在低含量N-苯基吩噻嗪和N-(α-吡啶基)-吩噻嗪测定中的应用

本文介绍了用薄层色谱扫描测定光诱导SRN 1反应产物N-苯基吩噻嗪和N-(α-吡啶基)-吩噻嗪的方法。采用硅胶薄层线形小孔展开技术和薄层色谱扫描仪,用反射吸收、锯齿扫描、外标一点法定量,结果较满意。     

聚谷氨酸苄酯掺杂硅胶用于拆分氧氟沙星对映体

通过将聚谷氨酸苄酯（PBLG）掺杂在硅胶中,建立了一种分离手性物质氧氟沙星对映体的方法。以壳聚糖为引发剂,利用开环聚合方法合成了PBLG。将PBLG掺杂在硅胶G中制备薄层色谱板,实现了对氧氟沙星外消旋体的拆分。考察了展开溶剂体系、不同比例溶剂、展开温度和展开时间对手性拆分氧氟沙星对映异构体的影响。结果表明,该薄层色谱板拆分氧氟沙星对映异构体的最佳条件为：0.5 g PBLG掺杂在2 g硅胶G中,以乙腈-甲醇（V/V=2∶1）混合溶剂为展开体系,35℃下展开30 min。氧氟沙星对映体单体在薄层色谱板上的手性分离因子（α）范围为2.62～6.12,实现了基线分离。     

色谱法研究杂多酸Ⅶ: 杂多酸薄层色谱分离及测定

本文研究了杂多酸的TBA及无机阳离子两种不同类型盐的薄层色谱特性,探讨了实验条件对两种类型杂多酸盐薄层色谱分离的影响, 选择合适的条件可使杂多酸盐各组分得到分离。以薄层色谱扫描仪对分离后的样品斑点进行扫描测定, 得到满意的结果。     

大豆磷脂组成的薄层色谱分析

采用国产硅胶板和二次展开的薄层色谱法，对具有重要的生物功能的大豆磷脂组成进行了分析，获得了大豆磷脂中１１个重要组分的定性结果。用已知样品量的薄层光密度扫描方法建立了卵磷脂定量方法，线性关系良好，并用于实际样品的测定，获得了满意结果。     

Evaluation of the Plasma Chromatograph as a Qualitative Detector for Liquid Chromatography

Abstract

The applicability of the plasma chromatograph as a sensitive, qualitative detector for liquid chromatography (LC) is demonstrated. Only a fraction of an LC column effluent directly introduced is needed to produce a qualitative mobility spectrum. Most LC carrier fluids either exhibit no response in plasma chromatographic spectra or do not interfere with LC peak components. Using an indirect technique, components separated by TLC can be identified by plasma chromatography.     

Simple thin layer chromatography–ultraviolet spectrophotometric method for quality assessment of binary fixed‐dose‐combinations of lamivudine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate and lamivudine/zidovudine in tablet formulations

Antiretroviral fixed‐dose‐combination drugs are best assayed with high‐performance liquid chromatography, or liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. However, most scientists in developing nations have no access to these expensive instruments. A more affordable quantitative technique is the use of ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy—where often the absorption spectra of these antiretrovirals are overlapping; thus complex derivative methodologies are required for quantification. A simple, rapid, and accurate thin layer chromatography–ultraviolet spectrophotometric method for the quantification of binary mixtures of lamivudine, zidovudine, and tenofovir–disoproxil–fumarate in tablet formulations was developed. Lamivudine/tenofovir–disoproxil–fumarate and lamivudine/zidovudine were extracted and separated on glass thin‐layer chromatography plates. Drugs were identified in ultraviolet light at 254 nm and quantified in acidic medium using ultraviolet spectrophotometry. The retardation factors were 0.43, 0.79, and 0.81 for lamivudine, tenofovir–disoproxil–fumarate, and zidovudine, respectively, with corresponding absorption maxima at 270, 260, and 265 nm. Linearity ranged from 1 to 40 µg/mL for all drugs (R = 0.9998–0.9999), while recovery studies were 95.10–102.11% and amount in formulations ranged from 97.99 ± 0.63 to 101.47 ± 2.39%. The paired t‐test (n = 5) indicated no significant difference between the proposed and high‐performance liquid chromatography methods, hence comparable and can be used as an alternative method in routine quality determination of antiretroviral medicines.     

薄层分离-库仑滴定法测定茄尼醇

提出以２ｍｏｌ／ＬＫＢｒ－醋酸（１：３Ｖ／Ｖ）为电液,在阳极电生溴与尼醇发生反应来测定茄尼醇含量的库仑滴定法。茄尼醇与溴反应,其ｎ值为１８,对于烟叶以物中茄尼醇,以正己烷－二氯乙烷－丙醇为展开剂,用薄层色地邓以分离,用库仑滴定法进行测定 。     

用裂解色谱法鉴定羧酸酯的结构

研究了用裂解气相色谱法鉴定羧酸酯结构的方法。对一些一元酸酯和二元酸酯进行了普通裂解和与碱石灰混合后的裂解,依据裂解产物可确定酯的母体酸和母体醇。直接从薄层板上取分离后的组分,不用去除吸附剂就能进行鉴定,可用于常见羧酸酯的剖析工作。     

薄层色谱分离库仑滴定法测定杀虫单

本文提出了用薄层色谱库仑滴定法测定杀虫单（ＳＣＤ）［ＣＨ３）２ＮＨＣ Ｈ（ＣＨ２Ｓ２Ｏ３）２Ｎａ．Ｈ２Ｏ］的方法。试样中的各成分用上行展开法的硅胶Ｇ板上分离，用碘蒸气或喷洒ＰｄＣｌ２溶液确定ＳＣＤ的位置，该试剂与杀虫单反应生成橙黄色产物。     

Fingerprint developing of coffee flavor by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and combined chemometrics methods

In this paper, chromatographic fingerprint was firstly used for quality control of tobacco flavors. Based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and combined chemometrics methods, a simple, reliable and reproducible method for developing chromatographic fingerprint of coffee flavor, one of tobacco flavors, was described. Six coffee flavor samples obtained from different locations were used to establish the fingerprint. The qualitative and quantitative analysis of coffee flavor sample from Shenzhen was completed with the help of subwindow factor analysis (SFA). Fifty-two components of 68 separated constituents in coffee flavor sample from Shenzhen, accounting for 88.42% of the total content, were identified and quantified. Then, spectral correlative chromatography (SCC) was used to extract the common peaks from other five studied coffee flavor samples. Thirty-eight components were found to exist in all six samples. Finally, the method validation of fingerprint analysis was performed based on the relative retention time and the relative peak area of common peaks, sample stability and similarity analysis. The similarities of six coffee flavor samples were more than 0.9104 and showed that samples from different locations were consistent to some extent. The developed chromatographic fingerprint was successfully used to differentiate coffee flavor from coco flavor and some little difference sample prepared with coffee flavor and coco flavor by both similarity comparison and principal component projection analysis. The developed method can be used for quality control of coffee flavor.     

基于双定性原则的高效液相色谱-二极管阵列检测法分析中药组分

双定性是根据样品的保留时间和吸收光谱的特征峰进行复合定性的一种新方法。该文基于自行设计及组装的二极管阵列检测器,构建了一套液相色谱-二极管阵列检测系统。采用该色谱系统分别对6种中药饮片中的非法添加物金胺O和枣仁天麻胶囊中的有效成分五味子醇甲进行了分离及定性研究。结果显示,在蒲黄饮片和枣仁天麻胶囊样品色谱图中均存在与目标检测物保留时间接近的色谱峰,进一步通过吸收光谱的特征峰比对,均排除了目标物存在的可能。应用结果证明,基于保留时间/吸收光谱的双定性原则,可以有效排除样品中杂质的干扰,避免假阳性结果,为中药组分研究提供了参考方法。     

An approach to analysis of primary amines by a combination of thin‐layer chromatography and matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry in conjunction with post‐chromatographic derivatization

On‐spot derivatization has been suggested for the modification of primary amine containing compounds for their analysis by thin‐layer chromatography hyphenated with matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry. The proposed approach was based on post‐chromatographic treatment of separated analytes inside the chromatographic zones on the thin‐layer chromatography plates by tris(2,6‐dimethoxyphenyl)methilium reagent. The derivatives, containing permanent positive charge, reveal exceptionally intense peaks of their cationic moieties and high signal/noise ratio in mass spectra recorded directly from the plates. The method was tested on a series of aliphatic, aromatic, and amine‐containing pharmaceuticals.     

Direct analysis of thin-layer chromatographic spots of narcotics by means of diffuse reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

The technique of diffuse reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (DRIFT) as an in situ detection method was used for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of drugs (heroin, cocaine and codeine) separated by thin layer chromatography.It was found that at a given interferometer throughput and detector sensitivity the quality of the spectrum depends strongly in the type of the chromatographic thin layer used. A detection limit of approx. 2 g was attained on a microcrystalline cellulose thin layer with a dynamically aligned Bio-Rad Digilab FTS 60A/896 type interferometer and room temperature DTGS detector. A reliable qualitative analysis can be made with as little as 10 to 15 g drug per spot.