二阶导数极谱法同时测定氯菊酯和生物丙烯菊酯及其电极过程研究

本文对氯菊酯的极谱行为进行了研究,发现在pH1.1乙醇-B.R缓冲溶液中-1.25V处氯菊酯有一还原峰,在-1.04V处生物丙烯菊酯有一还原峰。其线性范围分别为8×10~(-6)～6×10~(-5)g/ml和4×10~(-7)～6×10~(-5)g/ml。氯菊酯的极谱波系吸附控制的还原波,电子转移数为2。应用本法对氯菊酯,生物丙烯菊酯进行同时测定,结果令人满意。回收率为97.2％～105.5％。     

配合物极谱吸附波法测定微量铋

在分别研究Ga(Ⅲ)、Sn(Ⅳ)、Pb(Ⅱ)等离子与桑色素体系的伏安或极谱行为的基础上,试验了Bi(Ⅲ)-桑色素体系的极谱行为。在0.2mol·L~(-1)氯乙酸-氯乙酸钠(pH=2.5)介质中Bi(Ⅱ)-桑色素配合物于单扫描示波极谱仪上在—0.17V(vs.SCE)电位处产生一良好的配合物吸附还原波。其二阶导数峰电流ip″与Bi(Ⅲ)在8.0×10~(-8)～4.0×10~(-6)mol·L~(-1)浓度范围内     

络合吸附极谱波测定痕量钼

在0.05 mol.L-1HOAc-NaOAc(pH 4.74)介质中,Mo(Ⅵ)-茜素络合物在二阶导数极谱图上产生良好的吸附还原波,从而建立了络合吸附极谱法测定痕量钼的方法,其峰电位约为-0.32 V(vs.SCE)。其峰电流(I″p)与Mo(Ⅵ)浓度在8.9×10-8~2.4×10-6mol.L-1范围内呈线性关系,检出限为7.0×10-9mol.L-1。应用该法测定了茶叶、人发中痕量钼,测得回收率在98%~104%之间。研究了络合物的组成和极谱波的性质。     

示波极谱法同时测定痕量硒和砷

在盐酸-酒石酸锑钾介质中,Se(Ⅳ)在—0.59V(vs.SCE,下同)左右产生示波极谱峰,其二阶导数峰高IP″_(Se)与Se(Ⅳ)浓度在1.26×10~(-8)～1.26×10~(-4)mol·L~(-1)范围呈良好线性关系,Se(Ⅳ)检出下限为5.0×10~(-9)mol·L~(-1)。在相同底液中,当Se(Ⅳ)浓度大于2.5×10~(-6)mol·L~(-1)时,As(Ⅲ)在—0.79V左右也出现一良好极谱峰,其峰高IP″_(As)与As(Ⅲ)浓度在5.3×10~(-7)～2.6×10~(-4)mol·L~(-1)之间呈良好线性关系,As(Ⅲ)检出下限为2.7×10~(-7)mol·L~(-1)。Se(Ⅳ)、As(Ⅲ)两峰电位相差较大,可在同一底液中同时测定。曾用本法测定了煤飞灰标样(82201)中痕量硒和砷,结果与证书值相符。硒、砷加标回收率为95％～110％,还研究了Se(Ⅳ)、As(Ⅱ)极谱波性质。     

铕(Ⅲ)-钙试剂络合物吸附波及其应用研究

用线性扫描极谱法研究了在氨-氯化铵缓冲体系中Eu(Ⅲ)-钙试剂络合物的极谱行为。在pH10.2的NH3-NH4Cl缓冲介质中,Eu(Ⅲ)-钙试剂络合物在-0.82V(vs.SCE)处有一灵敏的导数极谱波,其峰电流与Eu(Ⅲ)的浓度在1.0×10-7~8.0×10-6mol/L范围内呈线性关系,检出限为9.0×10-8mol/L。方法可用于试样中痕量铕的测定。本文还研究了极谱波的性质。     

杂多酸示波极谱法测定磷酸根

在pH=1的HCl和25mg/ml抗坏血酸存在的溶液中,磷酸根和钼酸根形成具有极谱活性的磷钼杂多酸。该杂多酸在NH_3-NH_4Cl(pH=9.9)底液中产生—灵敏极谱还原波,其峰电位为-1.12V(vs.SCE)。导数波高与磷酸根浓度在5×10~(-8)～4×10~(-5)mol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,检测下限2×10~(-8)mol/L。利用反应速度的不同消除了大量硅酸根的干扰。文中对极谱波的性质做了初步研究。     

胆红素的间接极谱测定

在Hg~(2+)(或Hg~+)-EDTA-磷酸钠缓冲溶液中,胆红素可被迅速氧化成浅绿色产物。该产物可在-0.83V(vs.SCE)左右产生一灵敏的极谱波,其导数波高与胆红素浓度在4×10~(-7)～6×10~(-6)mol/L范围内呈线性关系,因此该波可用于胆红素的间接测试。本文对胆红素的氧化机制和极谱波的性质进行了研究。发现胆红素被氧化成了胆绿素,而所产生的极谱波为一催化波。     

单扫描示波极谱法测定磷酸氯喹

建立了极谱测定磷酸氯喹的方法。在4.0×10-2mol LNH3·H2O NH4Cl(pH9.5)支持电解质中,磷酸氯喹极谱还原波的峰电位Ep为-1.61V(vs.SCE),其二阶导数峰峰电流ip″与磷酸氯喹浓度在1.0×10-8mol L～1.0×10-6mol L和1.0×10-6mol L～1.0×10-4mol L范围内呈线性关系。10次测量1.0×10-6mol L磷酸氯喹还原波二阶导数峰峰电流,相对标准偏差RSD为0.92%。该方法用于片剂中磷酸氯喹的测定。     

钼(Ⅵ)-钙镁试剂络合物的极谱吸附波的研究与应用

在pH 4.0的乙酸盐缓冲溶液中,钼(Ⅵ)与钙镁试剂(CLG)生成的络合物在滴汞电极上产生良好的极谱吸附波,其波峰现于-0.66 V(vs.SCE)。在最佳条件下,在峰电流的二阶导数值(I″p)与钼(Ⅵ)浓度在5.0×10-8~1.2×10-5mol.L-1之间呈线性关系(r=0.999 7)。此方法的检出限(n=8)为5.0×10-9mol.L-1钼(Ⅵ)。应用于两种豆类植物试样中钼的测定,结果的RSD值均小于5%,回收率在97.2%~102.0%之间。测定了钼(Ⅵ)与钙镁试剂之间的络合比,结果为[Mo(Ⅵ)∶R]为1∶2,对络合物所产生的极谱吸附波的电化学性质也作了研究。     

极谱催化波法测定马蔺子素

报道了在Na2 B4 O7 KH2 PO4 K2 S2 O8体系中马蔺子素的极谱催化波。拟定了测定马蔺子素的新方法。在 8.0× 10 - 3mol/LNa2 B4 O7 1.6× 10 - 2 mol/LKH2 PO4 (pH =7.7) 5 .0× 10 - 3mol/LK2 S2 O8底液中 ,极谱催化波峰电位Ep=-1.2 3V(vs .SCE) ;二阶导数峰峰电流i″p 与马蔺子素浓度在 2 .0× 10 - 9～ 2 .0× 10 - 6 mol/L范围内呈良好线性关系 ,检出限为 1.0× 10 - 9mol/L。催化波灵敏度比相应马蔺子素还原波高 75倍。采用该法测定了胶囊中马蔺子素的含量     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Microwave-assisted copper-catalyzed stereoselective ring expansion of three-membered heterocycles with α-diazo-β-dicarbonyl compounds

Microwave-assisted copper-catalyzed ring expansions of three-membered heterocycles with α-diazo-β-dicarbonyl compounds were investigated. Thiiranes generated 3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines in the presence of copper sulfate and trans-3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines as stereospecific products for 1,2-disubstituted cis-thiiranes through an intramolecular S_N2 process. Oxiranes gave rise to 2-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines under the catalysis of copper hexafluoroacetylacetonate and cis-3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines as stereospecific products for 1,2-disubstituted cis-oxiranes via an intimate ion-pair mechanism. The current method provides a direct and simple strategy in efficient preparation of 3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines and 2-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines, important agents in medicinal and agricultural chemistry, from readily available thiiranes and oxiranes, respectively.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).