CO在YBa2Cu3Ox薄膜上吸附与加氢的研究

ＹＢａ２Ｃｕ３Ｏｘ（ｘ＝６－７）薄膜被合成在ＹＳＺ基底上，用ＦＴＩＲ，ＸＰＳ，ＸＲＤ等手段原位研究ＣＯ在薄膜上的吸附及加氢行为。ＣＯ吸附在Ｃｕ位置上，与ＹＢＣＯ体相中的Ｏ作用，生成表面ＣＯ２或－ＣＯＯ基团，导致ＹＢＣＯ中生产氧空位，使ＹＢＣＯ发生昌型转变，Ｃｕ＾２＋被还原为Ｃｕ＾＋或Ｃｕ＾０．ＹＢＣＯ中的氧空位有利于ＣＯ、ＣＯ２及Ｈ２的吸附。ＣＯ、ＣＯ２在ＹＢＣＯ膜上的加氢产物为ＣＨ３ＯＨ、ＣＨ３     

CO2在受主掺杂CaTiO3体系甲烷氧化偶联反应中的作用

本文采用了ＣＯ２程度升温脱附（ＣＯ２－ＴＰＤ）、ＣＯ２分步热脱附（ＣＯ２－ＳＴＤ）、ＣＯ２气氛中电导测量和ＣＯ２作为甲烷氧化偶联反应（ＯＣＭ）烯释气等方法，研究了在受主掺杂ＣａＴｉＯ３体系的ＯＣＭ反应中ＣＯ２的作用。受主杂质Ｌｉ＾＋，Ｍｇ＾２＋，Ａ＾３＋掺杂的ＣａＴｉＯ３的分压及吸附温度等因素有关。大部分吸附的ＣＯ２与催化剂中的Ｃａ（ＯＨ）２作用形成了ＣＯ３＾－，少部分与催化剂晶格中的活泼氧化物种     

普钙-脲-水复合肥料体系的等温溶度研究

从发展复合肥料出发,研究了ＣａＳＯ－Ｃａ（Ｈ２ＰＯ４）２Ｈ２Ｏ体系及其三元边界体系Ｃａ（Ｈ２ＰＯ４）２－ＣＯ（ＮＨ２）２－Ｈ２Ｏｄ ２５℃时的等温溶度,三元体系中形成一个新化合物Ｃａ（Ｈ２ＰＯ４）２。ＣＯ（ＮＨ２）２。四元体系溶 度图可以指导商品普钙磷肥转化为含各合复肥。     

山梨醇催化加氢制丙二醇和乙二醇

山梨醇催化加氢制丙二醇和乙二醇Ｇ．Ｇｕｂｉｔｏｓａ和Ｂ．Ｃａｓａｌｅ用Ｒｕ／Ｓｎ催化剂完成了由山梨醇加氢变为丙二醇及乙二醇的过程。ＨＯＣＨ２（ＣＨ）４ＯＨＣＨ２ＯＨＨ２Ｒｕ－Ｓｎ→ＣＨ３ＣＨＣＨ２ＯＨＯＨ＋ＨＯＣＨ２ＣＨ２ＯＨ将山梨醇的碱性溶液（山梨...     

CO2／H2和（CO／CO2）＋H2低压合成甲醇催化过程的本质

通过在Ｃｕ／ＺｎＯ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３催化剂上ＣＯ２＋Ｈ２，ＣＯ＋Ｈ２和（ＣＯ／ＣＯ２）＋Ｈ２催化反应动力学研究对合成甲醇动力学和反应机理进行了细致分析，提出合成甲醇的反应机理，解释了在（ＣＯ／ＣＯ２）＋Ｈ２合成甲醇过程中少量ＣＯ２的作用及合成甲醇的直接碳源。     

[Cu2（Gly—GlyO）2（4,4‘—bpy）（OH）2].10H2O配合物的合成,晶 …

合成了以４，４－ｂｐｙ为中继基，Ｇｌｙ，ＧｌｙＯ为螯环的新型双核铜配合物。经Ｘ射线单昌结构分析确定该配合化合物的化学式为「（Ｈ２ＣＣＨ２ＣＯＮＨＣＨ２ＣＯＯ）Ｃｕ（ＯＨ）Ｃｕ（ＯＨ）（Ｃ１０Ｈ８Ｎ２０Ｃｕ（ＯＨ）－（Ｈ２ＮＣＨ２ＣＯＮＨＨＣＨ２ＯＯ）．」１０Ｈ２Ｏ。     

ClONO2及其异构体光解反应的从头算研究（Ⅱ）：ClONO2→ClO…

用从头算方法讨论了大气臭氧层主要破坏物ＣｌＯＮＯ２在光照下解反应途径：ＣｌＯＮＯ２→ＣｌＯ＋ＮＯ２的反应机理。该反应的２个过渡态ＣｌＯ．．．ＮＯＯ（ＴＳ２ａ）和ＯＣｌ．．．ＮＯＯ（ＴＳ２ｂ）中ＴＳ２ａ能垒较高。     

[Cu2（Gly—GlyO）2（4,4‘—bpy）（OH）2].9H2O配合物的合成,晶…

将Ｇｌｙ－ＧｌｙＯ，４，４＇－联吡啶与Ｃｕ（ＮＯ３）２．Ｈ２Ｏ在二次水溶液中反应，合成出以４，４＇－ｂｐｙ为中继基，Ｃｌｙ－ＧｌｙＯ为螯环的新型双核铜配合物，经Ｘ射线单晶结构分析确定该配合物晶体的化学结构式为［（Ｈ２ＮＣＨ２ＣＯＮＨＣＨ２ＣＯＯ）Ｃｕ（ＯＨ）（Ｃ１０Ｈ８Ｎ２）Ｃｕ（ＯＨ）（Ｈ２ＮＣＨ２ＣＯＮＨＣＨ２ＣＯＯ）］．９Ｈ２Ｏ。晶体属Ｐ１空间群，晶胞参数α＝１．１４１２ｎｍ，ｂ＝１．２２９     

Fe—Silicalite—2催化剂表面CO2加氢反应性能的研究

研究了Ｆｅ／Ｓｉｌｉｃａｌｉｔｅ－２催化剂ＣＯ２加氢低碳烯烃反应性能，利用ＣＯ２－ＴＰＤ，ＣＯ２／Ｈ２－ＴＰＳＲ和ＣＯ／Ｈ２－ＴＰＳＲ表征手段，考察了铁含量及ＭｎＯ助剂对Ｆｅ／Ｓｉｌｉｃａｌｉｔｅ－２催化剂ＣＯ２吸附脱附及加氢反应性能的影响，表明随铁含量增加可提高催化剂对ＣＯ２的吸附能力，有利于提高ＣＯ２加氢反应的转化率。     

临氢还原处理对Al2O3负载的CuO-MOx催化剂的影响

研究了Ｈ２预处理对Ａｌ２Ｏ３负载ＣｕＯ和ＣｕＯ－ＭＯｘ催化剂的作用。考察了Ｈ２处理时间、Ｈ２处理浓度以及多次还原氧化循环对ＣｕＯ系催化剂ＣＯ氧化活性的影响规律,并用原位还原氧化反应技术、ＸＰＳ对Ｈ２预处理的作用进行了研究。结果表明,ＣｕＯ－ＣｏＯ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３和ＣｕＯ－Ｃｅ２Ｏ３／Ａｌ２Ｏ３催化剂受Ｈ２还原处理后ＣＯ氧化活性明显增加,并随Ｈ２处理时间、处理浓度的增加而增强。而且催化剂的ＣＯ氧化活性还     

CO2对Cu-Ce-O催化剂催化氧化CO活性的影响

用CO作为探针研究CeO。的表面性质,以及研究CO和CO。与CeO。的相互作用,已有不少报导［‘－’1．Br。ysse等人发现CO在CeO。上的吸附,总伴随着催化剂的还原和COZ的生成;CO。在CeO。上的吸附不总是可逆的,CO。的存在会降低其对CO的催化氧化活性,对反应有抑制的影响,甚至会使表面中毒问．也有报导在CO或COZ气氛下,有证据表明CeO。有不利干活性的碳酸盐物种形成;反应中生成的C（）。也可能吸附在表面上形成稳定的碳酸盐,从而抑制反应的继续进行k‘］．＊0。对O;－O－（）催化剂在催化氧化以）中的影响报导比较少问．…     

Reactivity of transition metal-phosphorus triple bonds towards triply bonded [{CpMo(CO)2}2]: formation of heteronuclear cluster compounds

Thermolysis of [Cp*P{W(CO)5}2] (1) in the presence of [{CpMo(CO)2}2] leads to the novel complexes [{(CO)2Cp*W}{CpMo(CO)2}(micro,eta2:eta1:eta1-P2{W(CO)5}2)] (6; Cp=eta5-C5H5, Cp*=eta5-C5Me5), [{(micro-O)(CpMoWCp*)W(CO)4}{micro3-PW(CO)5}2] (7), [{CpMo(CO)2}2{Cp*W(CO)2}{micro3-PW(CO)5}] (8) and [{CpMo(CO)2}2{Cp*W(CO)2}(micro3-P)] (9). The structural framework of the main products 8 and 9 can be described as a tetrahedral Mo2WP unit that is formed by a cyclisation reaction of [{CpMo(CO)2}2] with an [Cp*(CO)2W[triple chemical bond]P-->W(CO)5] intermediate containing a W--P triple bond and subsequent metal-metal and metal-phosphorus bond formation. Photolysis of 1 in the presence of [{CpMo(CO)2}2] gives 8, 9 and phosphinidene complex [(micro3-PW(CO)5){CpMo(CO)2W(CO)5}] (10), in which the P atom is in a nearly trigonal-planar coordination environment formed by one {CpMo(CO)2} and two {W(CO)5} units. Comprehensive structural and spectroscopic data are given for the products. The reaction pathways are discussed for both activation procedures, and DFT calculations reveal the structures with minimum energy along the stepwise Cp* migration process under formation of the intermediate [Cp*(CO)2W[triple chemical bond]P-->W(CO)5].     

固定床反应器中添加CO2对费托合成反应的影响

用固定床反应器研究了Fe-Mn催化剂上原料气中添加CO2对费托合成反应的影响.结果表明,在533K与反应总压为1.50MPa时,大量CO2的添加使得生成CO2的选择性迅速降低,烃的生成速率降低,烃的收率也有所降低,产物向轻组分方向偏移,有机含氧化合物的生成速率降低;在593K与合成气(H2 CO)分压为1.50MPa时,随着CO2分压的增加,CO消耗速率变化不大,而烃的生成速率缓慢升高,烃的收率有所升高,CO2的生成速率缓慢降低,H2O的生成速率明显加快.由于CO2的添加,促使水煤气变换反应向逆反应方向进行,降低了催化剂表面氢物种浓度,抑制了加氢反应,低碳烃的烯/烷比有所增大,同时提高了重质烃的选择性,且随着CO2分压的增加,有机含氧化合物的生成速率呈上升的趋势.     

Pt/Al2O3整体催化剂上选择性氧化脱除甲醇重整氢源中CO——副反应对CO脱除效果的影响分析

移动甲醇重整制氢是质子交换膜燃料电池（PEMFC）可行的供氢方式之一，包括水蒸气重整、部分氧化重整和自热重整。甲醇重整制氢方法不同，重整气体积组成在H245％～75％，CO215％～25％，CO1％～10％，H2O10％～20％和N20—20％变化。重整气进入PEMFC之前要经过CO水蒸气变换反应（如果采用水蒸气重整，不需要变换过程），     

Enhancement of CO2 sorption uptake on hydrotalcite by impregnation with K2CO3

The awareness of symptoms of global warming and its seriousness urges the development of technologies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Carbon dioxide (CO(2)) is a representative greenhouse gas, and numerous methods to capture and storage CO(2) have been considered. Recently, the technology to remove high-temperature CO(2) by sorption has received lots of attention. In this study, hydrotalcite, which has been known to have CO(2) sorption capability at high temperature, was impregnated with K(2)CO(3) to enhance CO(2) sorption uptake, and the mechanism of CO(2) sorption enhancement on K(2)CO(3)-promoted hydrotalcite was investigated. Thermogravimetric analysis was used to measure equilibrium CO(2) sorption uptake and to estimate CO(2) sorption kinetics. The analyses based on N(2) gas physisorption, X-ray diffractometry, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, Raman spectrometry, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy were carried out to elucidate the characteristics of sorbents and the mechanism of enhanced CO(2) sorption. The equilibrium CO(2) sorption uptake on hydrotalcite could be increased up to 10 times by impregnation with K(2)CO(3), and there was an optimal amount of K(2)CO(3) for a maximum equilibrium CO(2) sorption uptake. In the K(2)CO(3)-promoted hydrotalcite, K(2)CO(3) was incorporated without changing the structure of hydrotalcite and it was thermally stabilized, resulting in the enhanced equilibrium CO(2) sorption uptake and fast CO(2) sorption kinetics.     

Factors affecting 13C-natural abundance measurement of breath carbon dioxide during surgery: absorption of carbon dioxide during endoscopic procedures

The aim of this paper is to review the factors which may affect breath (13)CO(2)/(12)CO(2) natural abundance in patients undergoing surgery or intensive care. Intravenous glucose administration is a major determinant of the (13)CO(2)/(12)CO(2) of breath as intravenous glucose preparations are almost all derived from cornstarch. In addition, the oxidation of endogenous substrates can affect the (13)CO(2)/(12)CO(2) ratio. During many endoscopic procedures, such as laparoscopic surgery, carbon dioxide insufflation is used to provide a working space. As medical CO(2) is relatively depleted in (13)CO(2) compared with endogenous and exogenous metabolic CO(2) sources, breath (13)CO(2)/(12)CO(2) measurements can be used to estimate CO(2) absorption during these procedures. However, all these factors may also be affected by the bicarbonate pool, making a definitive attribution of changes in breath (13)CO(2)/(12)CO(2) to a single factor problematic.     

Trapping and release of CO2 guest molecules by amorphous ice

Interactions of 13CO2 guest molecules with vapor-deposited porous H2O ices have been examined using temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) techniques. Specifically, the trapping and release of 13CO2 by amorphous solid water (ASW) has been studied. The use of 13CO2 eliminates problems with background CO2. Samples were prepared by (i) depositing 13CO2 on top of ASW, (ii) depositing 13CO2 underneath ASW, and (iii) codepositing 13CO2 and H2O during ASW formation. Some of the deposited 13CO2 becomes trapped when the ice film is annealed. The amount of 13CO2 trapped in the film depends on the deposition method. The release of trapped molecules occurs in two stages. The majority of the trapped 13CO2 escapes during the ASW-to-cubic ice phase transition at 165 K, and the rest desorbs together with the cubic ice film at 185 K. We speculate that the presence of 13CO2 at temperatures up to 185 K is due to 13CO2 that is trapped in cavities within the ASW film. These cavities are similar to ones that trap the 13CO2 that is released during crystallization. The difference is that 13CO2 that remains at temperatures up to 185 K does not have access to escape pathways to the surface during crystallization.     

Kinetic mechanism of acetyl-CoA synthase: steady-state synthesis at variable Co/Co2 pressures.

Steady-state initial rates of acetyl-CoA synthesis (upsilon/[E(tot)]) catalyzed by acetyl-CoA synthase from Clostridium thermoaceticum (ACS) were determined at various partial pressures of CO and CO2. When [CO] was varied from 0 to 100 microM in a balance of Ar, rates increased sharply from 0.3 to 100 min(-1). At [CO] > 100 microM, rates declined sharply and eventually stabilized at 10 min(-1) at 980 microM CO. Equivalent experiments carried out in CO2 revealed similar inhibitory behavior and residual activity under saturating [CO]. Plots of upsilon/[E(tot)] vs [CO2] at different fixed inhibitory [CO] revealed that Vmax/[E(tot)] (kcat) decreased with increasing [CO]. Plots of upsilon/[E(tot)] vs [CO2] at different fixed noninhibitory [CO] showed that Vmax/[E(tot)] was insensitive to changes in [CO]. Of eleven candidate mechanisms, the simplest one that fit the data best had the following key features: (a) either CO or CO2 (at a designated reductant level and pH) activate the enzyme (E' + CO right arrow over left arrow E, E' + CO2/2e-/2H+ right arrow over left arrow E); (b) CO and CO2 are both substrates that compete for the same enzyme form (E + CO right arrow over left arrow ECO, E + CO2/2e-/2H+ right arrow over left arrow ECO, and ECO --> E + P); (c) between 3 and 5 molecules of CO bind cooperatively to an enzyme form different from that to which CO2 and substrate CO bind (nCO + ECO right arrow over left arrow (CO)nECO), and this inhibits catalysis; and (d) the residual activity arises from either the (CO)nECO state or a heterogeneous form of the enzyme. Implications of these results, focusing on the roles of CO and CO2 in catalysis, are discussed.     

Na 掺杂对硅酸锂吸收CO2性能的影响

通过高温固相反应法, 在添加不同比例Na2CO3的条件下, 合成出一系列可在高温500～750 ℃之间直接吸收CO2的硅酸锂材料. 利用扫描电子显微镜、X射线粉末衍射仪分别观察和评价了合成材料的表面形貌与结构特征, 用热重分析仪测量了硅酸锂材料的CO2吸收性能. 实验结果表明, 通过适量Na元素的掺杂, 能够提高硅酸锂材料吸收CO2的性能, 当Na2CO3的添加量x=0.02时, 合成的硅酸锂材料在CO2气氛下, 于700 ℃恒温保持约15 min即可达到吸收平衡, 材料的吸收量为(46±0.6)%(w), 与未经掺杂的材料相比, 吸收容量有所提高. 此外, 气氛中CO2的浓度对材料吸收CO2的速率有较大影响.