Ga^3＋的新萃取体系的界面特性和胶团化作用研究

研究了Ｇａ~（３＋）协萃体系（Ｇａ~（３＋）－Ｄ_２ＥＨＰＡ－Ｈ_２ＭＰＡ－正十二烷－Ｈ_２ＳＯ_４）的界面吸附和胶团形成热力学，发现该萃取体系中［Ｈ_２ＭＰＡ］影响Ｄ_２ＥＨＰＡ和Ｈ_２ＭＰＡ的界面吸附性质。在中、高［Ｈ_２ＭＰＡ］范围内Ｄ_２ＥＨＰＡ与Ｈ_２ＭＰＡ的界面吸附行为相反，Ｄ_２ＥＨＰＡ的存在也影响Ｈ_２ＭＰＡ的界面吸附行为。研究了界面张力与各因素关系的数学模型，并获得某些胶团形成和界面吸附特性的物化参数。     

阻燃聚丙烯酸酯胶的合成

通过溶液聚合法制得了阻燃性丙烯酸酯胶。研究了甲基丙烯酸2,4,6-三溴苯酯及引发剂用量,交联单体及反应温度、反应时间等对剥离强度的影响。研究了多元共聚丙烯酸酯胶的单体组成、合成工艺及其产品性能。结果表明,制得的胶粘剂在室温下剥离强度为19．5N／cm。     

顶空气相色谱-质谱联用法测定胶粘剂中的残余单体

建立了一种测定胶黏剂中6种丙烯酸酯和甲基丙烯酸酯类残余单体的分析方法。样品经100 ℃、30 min顶空加热后,通过DB-WAX色谱柱(30 m×0.25 mm×0.25 μm)分离和质谱选择离子模式检测,内标法定量。结果表明,6种残余单体能达到良好的分离,检出限(信噪比为3)为0.069～0.096 mg/kg,定量限(信噪比为10)为0.23～0.32 mg/kg,平均回收率为96.0%～104.6%,相对标准偏差(RSD)小于7.2%。该方法操作简便、准确、重复性好、灵敏度高,可用于胶黏剂中丙烯酸酯和甲基丙烯酸酯类残余单体的快速测定。     

烷基磷（膦）酸萃取剂钠盐与非离子表面活性剂AEO9混合体系胶团的…

本文研究了烷基磷（膦）酸萃取剂钠盐ＮａＥＨＥＨＰ，ＮａＤＴＭＰＰ，Ｎａ２（ＭＥＨＰ）与非离子表面活性剂ＡＥＯ９以不同比例复配后水溶液胶团的形成及分子间的相互作用结果表明混合胶团的形成使ＣＭＣ大大降低，分子间在胶团中的相互中弱为，Ｎａ２（ＭＥＨＰ）体系〉ＮａＤＴＭＰＰ体系〉ＮａＥＨＥＨＰ体系，分子间在表面层的作用小于同体系分子间在胶团中的相互作用，这一结果有利于混合胶团的形成。     

芘从H_2O/DMF混合溶剂向聚苯乙烯/聚丙烯酸二嵌段共聚物平头胶团增溶(Ⅱ)

混合溶剂水含量强烈影响芘从Ｈ２Ｏ／ＤＭＦ混合溶剂向聚苯乙烯／ 聚丙烯酸二嵌段共聚物平头胶团的增溶,随着水含量增加而明显增大了芘和胶团内核ＰＳ间的结合力,促进了芘的增溶。实验结果表明,增加混合溶剂极性组分是实现有效增溶的一种简便方法。     

芘从H2O／DMF混合溶剂向聚苯乙烯／聚丙烯酸二嵌段共聚物平头胶 …

混合溶剂水含量强烈影响芘从Ｈ２Ｏ／ＤＭＦ混合溶剂向聚苯乙烯／聚丙烯酸二嵌段共聚物平头胶团的增溶,随着水含量增加而明显增大了芘和胶团内核ＰＳ间的结合力,促进了芘的增溶。实验结果表明,增加混合溶剂极性组分是实现有效增溶的一种简便方法。     

结冷胶与聚乙二醇丙烯酸酯双网络凝胶的制备及生物相容性评价

针对结冷胶脆性较大的问题,将聚乙二醇丙烯酸酯(PEGDA)引入结冷胶,通过紫外交联制备了结冷胶/PEGDA双网络凝胶,并对单组分凝胶和双网络凝胶的溶胀性能、微观形貌、拉伸力学性能、动态压缩性能和流变性能等进行比较.结果表明,双网络凝胶在类生理环境中具有较小的溶胀率和较好的尺寸稳定性,PEGDA的引入能够大幅度提高结冷胶的韧性,双网络凝胶的拉断伸长率可达340%,断裂能达1.01×103J/m2,与天然关节软骨相当.将成纤维细胞种植在凝胶内部进行体外三维立体培养,结果显示,细胞在凝胶内部生存状态良好,双网络凝胶的细胞负载率高于单网络结冷胶,说明该体系在生物医用领域具有良好的应用前景.     

奋乃静和有机过氧化物引发体系及含奋乃静的缓释药膜

研究了含叔胺基结构的药物奋乃静（Ｐｅｒｐｈｅｍｎａｚｉｎｕｍ，简称ＰＥＲＰ）和有机过氧化物所构成的引发体系，并以此体系引发丙烯酸酯类单体聚合所得的含奋乃静缓释药膜的缓释行为．结果表明，奋乃静（ＰＥＲＰ）和过氧化苯甲酰（ＢＰＯ）引发体系引发甲基丙烯酸甲酯（ＭＭＡ）聚合的动力学方程为：Ｒｐ＝Ｋｐ［ＢＰＯ］０５［ＰＥＲＰ］０５［ＭＭＡ］１０，聚合表观活化能Ｅａ＝４１８ＫＪ／ｍｏｌ，从而确定此引发体系的引发机理为氧化还原引发机理．ＰＥＲＰ ＢＰＯ体系能在４０℃温度下，引发丙烯酸酯类单体共聚，而能形成含有奋乃静的缓释药膜     

TiO2-Al2O3复合载体的比较研究

对用混胶法和共沉淀法分别制备的ＴｉＯ２－Ａｌ２Ｏ３复合载体（ＴｉＯ２含量为０．０８ｇ／ｇγ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３）进行了对比研究，采用的表征方法有ＸＲＤ，ＸＲＳ，ＬＲＳ等，得出的结论如下：两种载体均保持了γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３的骨架结构，但ＴｉＯ２的分散状态不尽相同，混胶样品中ＴｉＯ２主要以表面富集的形式分散在γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３表面，这有利于集二者的优点于一体，共沉淀样品中ＴｉＯ２趋于整个体相均匀分散，这有利于相互作用     

碳氟醇对阳离子表面活性及胶团反离子结合度的影响

用表面张力及电动势法研究了Ｃ１０Ｈ２１Ｎ（ＣＨ３）３Ｂｒ，Ｃ１２Ｈ２５Ｎ（ＣＨ３）３Ｂｒ和Ｃ３Ｆ７ＣＨ２ＯＨ混合水溶液的表面与胶团性质。结果表明，对于阳离子表面活性剂，Ｃ３Ｆ７ＣＨ２ＯＨ的加入一方面增加表面活性，另一方面降低胶团反离子结合度。后者不同于阴离子表面活性剂／Ｃ３Ｆ７ＣＨ２ＯＨ混合体系，可归因于Ｃ３Ｆ７ＣＨ２ＯＨ略有酸性，因而具备一些类似阴离子表面活性剂的性质。     

On-line monitoring of the acrylate conversion in UV photopolymerization by near-infrared reflection spectroscopy

Near-infrared (NIR) reflection spectroscopy was used to determine the conversion in acrylate coatings after UV photopolymerization in order to test it as a method for process control in UV curing. A probe head was developed which is adapted to the specific requirements of UV curing and which is linked to a photodiode array spectrometer by an optical fiber. Reflection spectra from thin acrylate layers which were taken in intervals down to the millisecond range have shown an excellent signal-to noise ratio. Quantitative conversion data show good correlation with results from independent reference methods (FTIR, HPLC). Following thesebasic investigations, it was demonstrated that NIR reflection spectroscopy can be used for on-line monitoring of the acrylate conversion in thin coatings. Some examples of such investigations in pilot scale are presented.     

Conductive ATO‐acrylate nanocomposite hybrid coatings: Experimental results and modeling

The electrical volume conductivity σ of antimony‐doped tin oxide (ATO)–acrylate nanocomposite hybrid coatings was investigated. The relation between σ and the volume filler fraction p was analyzed for the ATO‐acrylate coatings containing ATO nanoparticles grafted with different amounts of 3‐methacryloxy‐propyl‐trimethoxy‐silane coupling agent. Percolation thresholds were observed at very low filler fractions (1–2 vol %) for the coatings containing ATO nanoparticles with a low amount of surface grafting. A modified effective medium approximation (EMA) model was introduced. This model takes into consideration different distances between adjacent semiconductive particles in the particle network. The model elucidates how self‐arrangement of the particles influences the location of the percolation threshold in the log σ ? p plot. The modified EMA model can successfully explain the multiple transition behavior and the variable percolation thresholds found for the ATO‐acrylate nanocomposite hybrid coatings. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 45: 2147–2160, 2007     

光/潮气双重固化聚氨酯涂层的制备及性能研究

以甲苯-2,4-二异氰酸酯(TDI)和二乙醇胺(DEOA)为原料一步法合成了超支化聚氨酯,对其改性制备了光固化超支化聚氨酯丙烯酸酯(HPUA)和一系列双重固化(UV/潮气)超支化聚氨酯丙烯酸酯(DHPUA),使用傅立叶红外光谱(FT-IR)、核磁共振氢谱(1H-NMR)和碳谱(13C-NMR)以及凝胶色谱(GPC)对其分子结构进行了表征.并以其为预聚物制备光固化涂层,通过对双重固化涂层的表面形貌、热性能和物理性能的研究,结果表明,超支化双重固化涂层经过潮气固化后,涂层表面的粗糙度随着树脂中硅氧烷端基的含量的增加先下降后上升;超支化双重固化涂层的物理性能和热稳定性都随着树脂中硅氧烷端基的含量的增加而提升.     

Synthesis of cold-resistant oligoacrylates for protective reinforcing coatings of optical fibers

Photocurable cold-resistant oligomers containing terminal (meth)acrylate groups are synthesized on the basis of domestic commercial oligomers. Synthesized oligoacrylates are proposed for application as primary layers of protective reinforcing coatings for anisotropic optical fibers.     

Optimizing heavy-duty anticorrosive performances of coating films formed by acrylate-vinylidene chloride copolymer latexes through twice-painting technique

Twice-painting technique was adopted to prepare heavy-duty anticorrosive coating films formed by aqueous latexes of copolymers of vinylidene chloride(VDC) with an acrylate, namely methyl acrylate(MA), ethyl acrylate(EA), butyl acrylate(BA) or 2-ethylhexyl acrylate(EHA). Harsh salt-spray corrosion tests demonstrated that the optimized twicepainting technique was that the acidic latex solution was adjusted to p H 5-6 for the first painting, while it was utilized directly for the second painting. The test of 600 h of harsh salt-spray corrosion showed that MA-VDC85 coating could protect the steel excellently, whereas the other acrylate-VDC coatings with 75%-90% VDC content could not protect the steel so effectively. Further corrosion test showed that(1) MA-VDC85 coating protected steel from loss of metallic luster for at least 1000 h of salt-spray corrosion;(2) adhesion of MA-VDC85 coating to steel was excellent for at least 800 h of saltspray corrosion, but became very poor after 1000 h. Differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy were used to evaluate the corroded MA-VDC85 film.     

Design of antibacterial surfaces by a combination of electrochemistry and controlled radical polymerization

In this paper we report a new method for the electrochemical deposition of a metal/polymer composite layer on a conducting substrate. The electrochemical solution is a mixture of an acrylate (ethyl acrylate, EA; 2-phenyl-2-(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-yloxy)ethyl acrylate, PTEA; 8-quinolinyl acrylate, 8QA), a metallic salt (silver(I) acetate), and a conducting salt in dimethylformamide. The process has been first studied with EA as the polymer precursor and then extended to PTEA and 8QA, respectively, with the purpose to prepare antibacterial surfaces. The final coating has been characterized by attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, environmental scanning electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy. All the silver-containing coatings were effective against Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli. Bacteria Staphylococcus aureus could not adhere to the Ag(0)/polyacrylate films deposited on stainless steel.     

Preparation and Absorption Properties in Near Infrared Wavelength of Carbon Nanotubes/Acrylate Coatings

"Carbon nanotubes can be used as absorbent materials at the near infared range. In this study, carbon nanotube was treated with surfactant to prevent aggregation, and the acrylate coating of the carbon nanotube was prepared with the carbon nanotube solution and the near infrared reflection properties of the coating were studied. A series of factors influencing the reflectivity of carbon nanotubes/acrylate coatings at 930 nm, such as PVC concentration, the kinds and concentration of the surfactant and size range of the carbon nanotube, were studied. Based on these, the coating procedure was optimized and the carbon nanotubes/acrylate coating was prepared with good absorption properties. The reflectivity is under 0.1% of the coatings and its transmission is below 1.0% at near infrared wavelength of 840-980 nm."     

Zinc Oxide Based Coatings for the UV-Protection of Wood for Outdoor Applications

Summary: Nano-sized zinc oxide (ZnO) was chosen as a suitable candidate for the UV-protection of coatings. ZnO-based acrylate coatings were applied to polycarbonate plates, glass plates and impregnated wood. Coated samples were artificially weathered (Xenon test) for at least 1500 hours and studied with regards to their optical and mechanical properties, such as color shifts (yellowing), as well as to changes in brightness, transparency or hydrophobicity. The prepared wood coatings showed reduced yellowing and improved optical properties.     

Water-Resistant Films and Coatings Based on Cross-Linking Styrene-Acrylate Latex Copolymers

Water-resistant films and coatings were prepared from latexes of copolymers of styrene, n-butyl acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, glycidyl methacrylate, and methacrylic acid. The degree of cross-linking of the copolymers in the course of film formation and the water resistance of the films and coatings, associated with this parameter and evaluated by the water absorption and mechanical properties of wet films, were studied in relation to the gross composition of the latex copolymer, conditions of its synthesis, distribution of functional groups responsible for cross-linking in a latex particle, and temperature of film formation.     

Renewable epoxidized cardanol‐based acrylate as a reactive diluent for UV‐curable resins

A novel kind of biobased monomer, epoxidized cardanol‐based acrylate (ECA), was successfully synthesized from cardanol via acrylation and epoxidization. The chemical structure was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and proton nuclear magnetic resonance. Then, the ECA was employed to produce UV‐curable films and coatings copolymerized with castor oil‐based polyurethane acrylate. Compared to coatings from petroleum‐based diluent hydroxyethyl acrylate‐based castor oil‐based polyurethane acrylate resins, ECA‐based biomaterials exhibited a little inferior dilution ability but overcome the drawback of high volumetric shrinkage with a special lower value. Moreover, ultimate properties of the UV‐cured biomaterials such as thermal, mechanical, coating, swelling, and hydrophobic properties were investigated. The UV‐curing behavior was investigated using real‐time IR, and the overall double bond conversion was more than 90%. This biobased UV‐curable cardanol‐based diluent shows a promise in “green + green” materials technologies.