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高吸水性树脂研究进展 总被引:31,自引:2,他引:29
介绍了高吸水性树脂的结构、性能及其表征,结合经典理论与最新研究从热力学和动力学角度阐述其吸水机理,着重分析合成条件,组份和方法对高吸水性树脂性能的影响机制,简略地介绍了高吸水性树脂三十年来的发展及广阔的应用领域,并预测其研究与开发前景 相似文献
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高吸水性枝脂研究进展 总被引:28,自引:0,他引:28
介绍了高吸水性树脂的结构,性能及其表征,结合经典理论与最新研究从热力学和动力学角度阐述其吸水机理,着重分析合成条件,组份和方法对高吸水性树脂性能的影响机制,简略地介绍了高吸水性树脂三十年来的发展及广阔的应用领域,并预测其研究与开发前景。 相似文献
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耐电解质高吸水性树脂 总被引:23,自引:0,他引:23
在简述高吸水性树脂吸水机理的基础上,综述了改善高吸水性树脂耐电解质性能的四种途径,结合聚合方法重点讨论了提高亲水性、引入长链疏不性单体以及合成两性聚合物三种改性途径。 相似文献
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凹凸棒粘土是一种含水的镁铝硅酸盐,经焙烧处理后作为催化剂或载体已被广泛应用于多种催化反应[‘-’j.对于这些反应,尤其是酸碱催化反应,凹凸棒粘土表面的酸碱性质有着重要影响.有关凹凸棒粘土酸碱性质的定量描述,包括酸碱中心的类型、强度和数量D”消未见报道.本文首次使用微量吸附量热技术定量测定了凹凸棒粘土表面酸碱中心的强度和数量,并采用FTIR技术阐明了表面酸中心的类型,同时研究了凹凸棒粘土催化异丙醇脱水反应的性能.1实验部分凹凸棒粘土样品由原矿粉经723K焙烧6h制得,其成分以氧化物计为:Sic。(55.6%~605… 相似文献
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A novel kind of superabsorbent composite, polyacrylamide/organo-attapulgite, from acrylamide (AM) and attapulgite (APT) was prepared by aqueous polymerization, using N,N′-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) as a crosslinker and ammonium persulfate (APS) as an initiator. APT was organified with five different degree of hexadecyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (HDTMABr), and the organification degree of APT was proved by FTIR, TGA and XRD. The effects of organification degree of APT on water absorbency and swelling rate of the superabsorbent composite in distilled water and in various saline solutions were investigated in this study. The effect of organification degree on reswelling ability of the superabsorbent composites was also investigated. The results indicate that the organification degree of APT had remarkable influence on swelling behaviors of the superabsorbent composites. The superabsorbent composite acquired its highest water absorbency when the organification degree of APT is 8.02 wt.%. 相似文献
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A novel multifunctional superabsorbent composite from acrylic acid (AA), acrylamide (AM), sodium humate (SH) and organo‐attapulgite (organo‐APT), PAA‐AM/SH/organo‐APT, was synthesized by aqueous solution polymerization, using N,N′‐methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) as a crosslinker and ammonium persulfate (APS) as an initiator. The organification of APT with hexadecyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (HDTMABr) was proved by FT‐IR. The effects of organo‐APT (HDTMA‐APT) content in the superabsorbent composite and organification degree of it on water absorbency of the superabsorbent composite were studied. The effects of incorporated HDTMA‐APT on swelling rate, water absorbency in various saline solutions and reswelling capability of the superabsorbent composite were also investigated. The results indicate that organification of APT had a remarkable influence on swelling behaviors of the superabsorbent composites. Comparing with the composite doped with APT, water absorbency for the composite incorporated with 10 wt% HDTMA‐APT was enhanced from 996 to 1282 g g?1 in distilled water and from 63 to 68 g g?1 in 0.9 wt% NaCl solution, respectively. The superabsorbent composite acquired its highest water absorbency when the organification degree of APT was 8.02 wt%. Water absorbency of the composites in various saline solutions decreased with the increasing concentration, especially for the multivalent cations. In addition, swelling rate and reswelling capability of the superabsorbent composite were also improved by introducing HDTMA‐APT into the composite compared with that of incorporating APT. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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In this study, thermal and mechanical properties of novel nanocomposite, epoxy resin reinforced with octadecylamine functionalized graphene oxide (GO-ODA) and Sasobit, prepared via creative vacuum shock technique, were investigated. By introducing 1, 3 and 5 wt% Sasobit to the neat epoxy resin, the tensile strength increased remarkably by 104%, 315% and 266%, respectively due to the unique stiff and crystalline structure of Sasobit. In addition, considerable enhancement of 125% in Young's modulus, 351% in toughness, 562% in impact resistance, ~19 °C in thermal stability and ~7 °C in glass transition temperature of epoxy resin with 3 wt% Sasobit loading was demonstrated. The composite containing 3 wt% Sasobit alone, were found to have even superior properties than GO-ODA/epoxy nanocomposite, as surprisingly 3, 2.9, 2.2 and 2 times more improvement, respectively in tensile strength, toughness, impact strength and thermal stability of epoxy resin compared to reinforcement with GO-ODA were obtained. 相似文献
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Polyimide (PI) films were prepared by reacting 4,4′-(4,4′-isopropylidene-diphenoxy)-bis(phthalic anhydride) and 1,3-bis(4-aminophenoxy)benzene. The 4-phenylbutylamine-functionalized graphene sheets (PBA-GSs) used for the preparation of the PI nanocomposite films were prepared by mixing a dispersion of graphite oxide with a solution of the ammonium salt of 4-phenylbutylamine (PBA). PI nanocomposite films containing different amounts of PBA-GS (0–10 wt%) were compared in terms of their morphologies, thermal properties, and electrical and thermal conductivities. Only a small amount of PBA-GS was required to improve the thermal properties and thermal conductivities of the PI; the maximum enhancements in these parameters were observed at 1 and 3 wt% PBA-GS, respectively. In contrast, the electrical conductivity of the PI hybrid films continued to increase with increasing PBA-GS content from 1 to 10 wt%. 相似文献
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Chen LF Liang HW Lu Y Cui CH Yu SH 《Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids》2011,27(14):8998-9004
A new kind of attapulgite clay@carbon (ATP@C) nanocomposite adsorbent has been synthesized by a one-pot hydrothermal carbonization process under mild conditions using two cheap, ecofriendly materials (i.e., attapulgite clay (ATP), which is a magnesium aluminum silicate that is abundant in nature, and glucose, which is a green chemical obtained from biomass). Compared to carbon-based materials, this new ATP@C nanocomposite exhibits a high adsorption ability for Cr(VI) and Pb(II) ions with maximum adsorption capacities of 177.74 and 263.83 mg·g(-1), respectively. The results demonstrate that this nanocomposite is an exceptionally promising candidate as a low-cost, sustainable, and effective adsorbent for the removal of toxic ions from water. 相似文献
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Organo-fly ash(OFA) was prepared with pretreated fly ash(FA) and hexadecyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (HDTMAB),and the composites composed of OFA and polyaniline were obtained by emulsion polymerization at different OFA weight ratios(2.0 wt%,5.0 wt%,10.0 wt%,15.0 wt%and 20.0 wt%) in the presence of dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid as dopant and emulsifier.A polymerization procedure was supposed.The electrical conductivities of the composites were tested by the four-probe technique.The chemical structure and crystallinity of the composites were confirmed by FT-IR and X-ray diffraction,respectively.Morphologies of FA,OFA and the composites were observed by SEM.The element analysis was performed by energy dispersive spectrometry.The thermal stability of the composites was analyzed by TGA.The results showed that the electrical conductivity of the composites decreased with increasing the feed weight ratio of OFA,and the lowest value was 0.62 S/cm.HDTMAB and PAn were just adsorbed on the surface of FA and OFA,respectively according to the physical adsorption without destroying the crystalline structure of FA or OFA.The surface became smoother after organification of FA by using HDTMAB,and its content on FA surfaces was about 26.9 wt%.The core/shell structure of the composite was observed by SEM analysis.The composites showed a higher thermal stability than pure PAn by introduction of OFA into this polymerization system,the heat stability of PAn was increased by decreasing 31.8 wt%of weight loss after introducing 20 wt%of OFA. 相似文献
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Starch-g-poly (AM-AMPS)/illite superabsorbent nanocomposite was synthesized by grafting copolymerization reaction of starch, acrylamide(AM) and 2-acrylamido-2- methyl propane sulfonic acid (APMS) in the presence of illite micropowder in deionized aqueous solution. The influence factors on water absorbency of the superabsorbent nanocoposite was optimized by single factor experiment. The synthesized superabsorbent nanocomposite exhibited the maximum water absorbency of 1320?g H2O/g in deionized water and 142?g H2O/g in 0.9?wt% sodium chloride (NaCl) solution. FTIR spectra confirmed that the grafting copolymerization between -OH groups on starch and monomers generated during the reaction. XRD analysis confirmed that crystal interlayer of illite was pulled open to 3.61?nm. TEM showed that illite slice layer randomly dispersed in the matrix of superabsorbent nanocomposite. The superabsorbent nanocomposite had a better thermal stability the corresponding superabsorbent material without illite by TGA and DSC analysis. The superabsorbent nanocomposite with excellent water absorbency and water retention could be especially useful in industry, agricultural, horticultural applications. 相似文献
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A novel kind of salt-resistant superabsorbent composite, polyacrylamide/attapulgite, from acrylamide (AM) and attapulgite (APT) was prepared by free-radical aqueous polymerization, using N,N′-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) as a crosslinker and ammonium persulfate (APS) as an initiator. The organification of APT with hexadecyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (HDTMABr) was proved by FTIR and XRD. The effects of acidified APT (H+-APT), organo-APT (HDTMABr-APT) and the content of APT in the superabsorbent composite on the water absorbency and the initial swelling rate for the superabsorbent composite in distilled water and in various saline solutions were studied. The effects of incorporated HDTMABr-APT and H+-APT on the reswelling ability of the superabsorbent composites were investigated. The results indicate that the incorporation of APT had remarkable influence on the improvement of water absorbency and swelling rate of the composites. Comparing with the composite doped with H+-APT, the water absorbency for the composite doped with 10 wt% HDTMABr-APT was enhanced from 2140 g g−1 to 2800 g g−1 in distilled water and from 100 g g−1 to 121 g g−1 in 0.9 wt% NaCl solution, respectively. The water absorbency of the composites in various saline solutions decreased with the increasing concentration, especially for the multivalent cations. In addition, the reswelling ability of the superabsorbent composites is also improved evidently by adding a small amount of HDTMABr-APT into the composite, comparing with that of incorporated with H+-APT. 相似文献
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A novel poly(acrylic acid)/sodium humate superabsorbent composite was synthesized by aqueous solution polymerization of acrylic acid using N, N′‐methylenebisacrylamide as a crosslinker and ammonium persulfate as an initiator in the presence of sodium humate. The effects on water absorbency such as initial monomer concentration, degree of neutralization of acrylic acid, amount of crosslinker, initiator and sodium humate, etc. were investigated. The water absorbency of the superabsorbent composite synthesized under optimal synthesis conditions with a sodium humate content of 20% exhibited an absorption of 1268 g H2O/g sample and 93 g H2O/g sample in distilled water and in 0.9 wt% NaCl solution, respectively. Swelling rate and water retention tests were also carried out. The results show that sodium humate, as a kind of functional filler, can enhance comprehensive properties of superabsorbent composite and reduce the product cost significantly. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献