超级微波消解-石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定不同类型土壤中的镉

目的 探讨并建立超级微波消解-石墨炉原子吸收法测定不同类型土壤镉含量的方法。方法 采用超级微波消解仪对样品进行前处理,对比不同消解体系的消解效果,选择合适的的消解体系,采用石墨炉原子吸收法测定镉浓度,同时优化基体改进剂、灰化温度等工作参数,确定最佳的分析条件。结果 在最优方法条件下,标准曲线在0.0～1.0 μg/L浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数γ=0.999,检出限浓度为0.04 μg/L,定量限浓度为0.12 μg/L,方法准确度为94.5%～109.8%,精密度为0.6%～5.4%,方法应用于不同类型土壤标准物质镉的测定,测得结果均在标准值范围内。结论 本方法方便快捷、准确高效、用酸量低、节约环保,便于在基层推广,适用于批量不同类型土壤样品镉的污染监测工作。     

累积进样石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定地表水中痕量镉

采用累积进样石墨炉原子吸收光谱法直接测定地表水中痕量镉,并讨论了几种基体改进剂对镉测定的影响。通过采用NH4NO3 PdCl2基体改进剂,提高了镉的灰化温度和灵敏度,用于地表水中痕量镉的直接测定,获得了满意的结果。方法的检出限低、灵敏度高,具有良好的精密度和准确度,分析步骤简单。在本实验条件下,检出限为0.06 ng/mL,加标回收率在96.0%~103%之间,相对标准偏差为3.4%~7.1%(n=6)。运用该法测定了湖州笤溪水中镉的含量为0.20μg/L。     

微波消解–电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定酱卤肉中铬、砷、镉、铊、铅

建立微波消解–电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定酱卤肉中铬、砷、镉、铊、铅5种元素含量的检测方法。采用微波消解法处理酱卤肉样品,对预处理条件和仪器工作参数进行了优化,以内标校正法降低基体影响。结果表明,铬、砷、镉、铊、铅5种元素的质量浓度在0.1~50.0 μg/L范围内与质谱响应值具有良好的线性关系,相关系数均大于0.999,方法检出限为0.2~6.2 μg/kg。在3种加标浓度水平下平均回收率为72.4%~113.5%,测定结果的相对标准偏差为3.1%~7.7%(n=6)。该方法简便,快速,高效,准确,可为酱卤肉中铬、砷、镉、铊、铅的测定提供技术支持。     

固相萃取-电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱（ICP-AES）法测定地下水中三种重金属

为拓宽固相萃取技术在生态环境监测领域应用范围,建立了树脂固相萃取前处理ICP-AES法测定地下水中铅、铬、镉含量的方法。经前处理条件优化,硝酸洗脱液浓度5%、缓冲溶液pH 7、洗脱速率10 mL/min及进样体积为500mL条件下,铅、铬、镉等三种重金属回收率均可以达到95%以上。该方法中各目标元素在0.02~20 μg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数均大于0.999;铅、铬、镉方法测定下限分别0.56μg/L,0.04μg/L,0.24μg/L满足评价要求;方法精密度RSD值在0.44%~5.49%;加标回收率范围分别在98.55%~101.84%、98.5%~104%、95.5%~105%。经监测井实样测试,铅、铬、镉结果处于《地下水质量标准》（GB/T14848-2017）I类限值范围内。该方法干扰小,易操作,为相关国家标准修订提供参考。     

氢化物发生–原子荧光法测定地下水中的镉

建立用氢化物发生–原子荧光法测定地下水中镉的方法。探讨了还原剂硼氢化钾用量及地下水中共存元素干扰对镉测定结果的影响,优化了仪器工作条件。优化的实验条件:介质为2%的盐酸溶液;还原剂为2%的硼氢化钾溶液;载气为氩气,流量为510 mL/min;主阴极灯电流为60 mA。镉的质量浓度在0~10μg/L范围内与荧光强度的峰面积呈良好的线性关系,线性相关系数为0.999 2,检出限为0.03μg/L。测定结果的相对标准偏差为1.24%~6.07%(n=7),加标回收率为90.1%~103.0%。该方法具有较高的灵敏度、精密度和准确度,可用于地下水中镉的测定。     

氢化物发生-原子荧光法测定纯铜中镉

用717阴离子交换树脂填充柱选择性吸附CdCl42-阴离子,以实现其与大量铜基体的分离。在标准溶液中匹配适当基体浓度并采用氢化物发生-原子荧光法,实现了铜/镉质量比为2000~50000的纯铜中痕量镉的测定。在基体铜的浓度为50mg/L的样品消化液中,镉的检出限为0.2μg/L;精密度为3.0%(n=7,3.0μg/L),镉浓度在1.0~25.0μg/L范围内呈良好线性关系。本法适用于纯铜中痕量镉的测定。     

石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定压水反应堆硼酸介质中钙

以甘露醇为基体改进剂,建立石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定压水反应堆硼酸介质中钙含量的方法。考察基体改进剂用量、灰化温度、原子化温度、基体干扰以及共存离子干扰对测定结果的影响,确定最佳测定条件:以硼含量为1000 mg/kg的硼酸为背景基体,加入适量甘露醇,样品作酸化处理,灰化温度为1700℃,原子化温度为2450℃。钙含量在8~32 μg/kg范围内与光谱强度成良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.9996,方法检出限为1.79 μg/kg。对于硼基体含量为0~2500 mg/kg的样品,测定结果的相对标准偏差为0.5%~7.5%(n=6),相对误差不大于13.2%,加标回收率为93.9%~113.3%。该方法检测速度快,结果准确,能满足实际生产要求。     

MPT–AES法测定合金钢中的硅

建立了微波等离子体炬原子发射光谱(MPT–AES)测定合金钢中的硅含量的分析方法。考察了仪器最佳实验条件、溶液酸度和钢中共存离子对测定的干扰,采用相似基体的标准钢样绘制工作曲线。硅的线性范围在0.3~7.0μg/m L之间,检出限为0.05μg/m L。测定结果的相对标准偏差为1.2%~3.1%(n=9),样品加标回收率在97.0%~103.0%之间,该法测定结果与国家标准方法测定结果相符合。MPT–AES法良好的精密度和准确度,可用于测定合金钢中硅的含量。     

CL-7301微色谱柱分离铀化合物中痕量镉的方法研究

采用CL-730l树脂微色谱柱研究了铀化合物中基体铀和痕量镉的分离条件,并用在线富集法测定了铀化合物中的痕量镉.通过试验选择0.125mol/L的HI酸介质中,镉的吸附率接近100%,而铀不被吸附,分离效率达到99.9%以上.吸附在柱上的镉用10 g/L EDTA 洗脱,原子吸收光度法测定.利用在线富集技术,镉的检出限降低至2.3μg/L.对八氧化三铀和分析纯醋酸双氧铀样品中痕量镉进行测定,方法精密度为1.5%,加标回收率为96%～98%.     

氢化物发生–原子荧光法测定水中的镉

采用氢化物发生–原子荧光光谱法对水中的镉进行测定。在0.24 mol/L盐酸介质中,以1.2 mol/L钴溶液为信号改进剂、2 g/L磺基水杨酸钠为基体改进剂,镉与硼氢化钾(质量浓度为25 g/L)反应生成镉的挥发性物质。镉的质量浓度在0~5μg/L范围内与荧光强度呈良好的线性,线性相关系数r=0.999 7,方法检出限为0.021 5μg/L,测定结果的相对标准偏差为1.89%(n=7),加标回收率为88.0%~113.2%。该方法操作简单,灵敏度高,适用于水质中镉元素的测定。     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Cu0-catalysed 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of α-amino acid derived N,N-cyclic azomethine imines to ynones

A series of 20 CuAIAC reactions between eight 4-acylamino substituted pyrazolidine-3-one-1-azomethine imines and four terminal ynones were performed using Cu⁰ as catalyst. The corresponding fluorescent cycloadducts were obtained in very high yields upon simple workup. Thus, Cu-metal turned out to be a better catalyst than Cu^I in terms of yield and ease of isolation. Availability of azomethine imines, mild reaction conditions, and simple workup enable a “click” access to libraries of densely substituted 2,3-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyrazol-1-ones. Reactivity of differently substituted dipoles was evaluated experimentally and by quantum chemical methods (DFT).     

Synthesis and antioxidative/anti-inflammatory activity of novel fullerene–polyamine conjugates

(E)-4-(Fullerenopyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid and its corresponding succinimidyl ester, readily obtained through Prato-type modification of C₆₀, were used for the selective N-acylation of polyamines. The thus obtained conjugates were evaluated for their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity and their cytotoxicity was determined. Members of this family of compounds showed interesting anti-lipid peroxidation, anti-lipoxygenase and anti-inflammatory activity and comparable cytocompatibility to spermidine.