Cr/MCM-41催化剂上的乙烯聚合行为

以纯硅ＭＣＭ－４１为载体，负载Ｐｈｉｌｌｉｐｓ烯烃聚合催化剂活性组分Ｃｒ．ＸＲＤ及ＴＥＭ表征结果表明，所得到的Ｃｒ／ＭＣＭ－４１催化剂具有良好的晶体结构和较理想的长程有序一维孔道．ＦＴ－ＩＲ和Ｒａｍａｎ光谱表征结果表明，Ｃｒ／ＭＣＭ－４１上不仅可发生乙烯聚合过程，而且形成的聚乙烯以结晶和无定形两种形态存在。乙烯聚合活性不仅与反应参数有关，而且与Ｃｒ的负载量密切相关，用于乙烯聚合后，Ｃｒ／ＭＣＭ－４     

钌卟啉/MCM-41催化剂的制备、表征及性质

应用３氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷对ＭＣＭ４１ 介孔分子筛进行了改性． 改性产物（ 记为ＭＣＭ４１（ｍ））具有较强的装载钌卟啉［Ｒｕ（ Ⅱ）Ｌ（ＣＯ）（ＥｔＯＨ）］ （Ｌ＝ ｍｅｓｏｔｅｔｒａｋｉｓ（４ｃｌｏｒｏｐｈｅｎｙｌ）ｐｏｒｐｈｙｒｉｎ） 的能力． 制备了裹载０－１％ ～８－３ ％ 钌卟啉的产物（ 记为Ｒｕ／ ＭＣＭ４１（ｍ）） ． 应用Ｘ 射线衍射、差热热失重分析和紫外可见光谱等方法对裹载产物进行了表征． 结果表明,钌卟啉在ＭＣＭ４１（ｍ） 孔道中是以单分子态存在,而不是以晶态存在． 装载后钌卟啉仍保持其基本结构,并且热稳定性增加． 轴向配体取代反应使钌卟啉固定在ＭＣＭ４１（ｍ） 孔道表面上． 低钌含量的Ｒｕ／ＭＣＭ４１（ｍ） 具有高催化活性,这是有效的位置分离和扩散孔道通畅的结果． 以０－１ ％ Ｒｕ／ＭＣＭ４１（ｍ） 和自由的钌卟啉为催化剂进行的６ 种烯烃的氧化反应结果表明,前者的催化转换数是后者的２０ ～４０倍．Ｒｕ／ ＭＣＭ４１（ｍ） 催化剂具有特殊的形状选择性,较长的寿命, 并且容易过滤回收．     

低温液相合成甲醇及甲酸甲酯用Cu-Cr-M-O催化剂的制备与表征

采用共沉淀法和配合物沉淀法制备了分别添加Ｂａ, Ｍｎ,Ｖ,Ｂｉ,Ｎｉ 和Ｚｎ 的ＣｕＣｒＭＯ三组分催化剂,采用ＢＥＴ,ＸＲＤ和ＴＥＭ 对催化剂进行了表征,并考察了其对合成甲醇及甲酸甲酯反应的活性及选择性． 结果表明,添加第三种金属使催化剂的稳定性及甲酸甲酯选择性有所提高,但使催化活性有所下降． 配合物沉淀法制备的催化剂的比表面积较大,粒径较小． 热分解温度越高,催化剂的比表面积越小． 除ＣｕＣｒＶＯ 催化剂为纳米非晶态之外,其它催化剂均呈晶态． 催化剂的最小平均粒径为３８ ｎｍ , 最大平均粒径为６８ ｎｍ , 属纳米级催化剂．     

用高效SiO2载体催化剂进行乙烯气相聚合

使用球形ＳｉＯ２负载ＭｇＣｌ２－ＴｉＣｌ４高活性催化剂进行乙烯气相聚合，考察了催化剂制备条件和添加剂对催化剂的组成、催化活性以及聚合表观动力学的影响．结果表明，ＳｉＯ２热处理温度和所用的醇对Ｍｇ和Ｔｉ的负载量及乙烯聚合活性有明显的影响．催化剂制备中添加Ｌｅｗｉｓ酸ＳｉＣｌ４或ＡｌＥｔ２Ｃｌ能大幅度提高催化剂的活性，其中以ＳｉＣｌ４的效果最为明显．随着ＳｉＣｌ４用量的增加，乙烯气相聚合的活性显著提高，聚合速度随时间变化由渐升平稳型转变为衰减型     

负载型纳米非贵金属催化剂上CO的氧化 Ⅰ.纳米催化剂活性组分的制备、表征与筛选

用电弧等离子体法制备了纳米Ｃｕ、Ｃｒ、Ｍｎ、Ｆｅ、Ｎｉ，采用机械方法将其加到Ａｌ２Ｏ３载体上，制成负载型纳米催化剂．用ＴＥＭ、ＳＥＭ、ＸＲＤ、ＨＲＴＥＭ等手段，对纳米粒子和催化剂进行了表征．对ＣＯ催化氧化的结果表明，铜催化剂的活性最高；铜、铬催化剂的活性高于贵金属钯催化剂；锰催化剂活性与钯相当；铁、镍催化剂活性较差．ＸＲＤ实验表明，催化反应后，纳米金属将变成氧化物．     

添加Ru的Mo/HZSM-5催化体系上的甲烷无氧脱氢芳构化

研究了在Ｍｏ／ＨＺＳＭ５催化剂中添加过渡金属阳离子以改变催化剂的反应性能，提高甲烷无氧脱氢芳构化的反应活性和稳定性．在添加第二组分的催化剂中，ＭｏＲｕ／ＨＺＳＭ５具有最佳的反应活性和稳定性．Ｒｕ的加入使甲烷的转化率由原来的６％～７％提高到９８％．采用比表面积及孔分布测定，Ｘ射线衍射，程序升温还原，程序升温氨脱附和差热分析等表征方法研究了ＭｏＲｕ／ＨＺＳＭ５催化剂的物理化学性质．结果表明，Ｒｕ的加入引起Ｍｏ／ＨＺＳＭ５催化剂强酸酸量的下降，并促进了Ｍｏ物种的还原．     

甲烷的催化燃烧 La,Ce和Y离子对高比表面MnO_2的改性作用

在高比表面ＭｎＯ２前体中添加Ｌａ，Ｃｅ和Ｙ等离子，用ＢＥＴ，ＸＲＤ和Ｈ２ＴＰＲ等技术研究了其对ＭｎＯ２的改性作用．结果表明，与未加助剂的ＭｎＯ２催化剂相比，Ｌａ／ＭｎＯ２，Ｃｅ／ＭｎＯ２和Ｙ／ＭｎＯ２催化剂对甲烷催化燃烧的活性有所降低，但３种离子均有效地阻止ＭｎＯ２在高温下结晶，提高催化剂的热稳定性，使其在高温下可维持较大的比表面积．综合考虑催化剂的活性和稳定性，Ｙ离子对ＭｎＯ２的改性作用最佳．     

Fe2O2/SiO2对异辛醇氧化生成异辛酸反应的催化性能研究

采用浸渍法制备了系列的Ｆｅ２Ｏ３／ＳｉＯ２催化剂,并用ＸＲＤ,ＢＥＴ,ＴＧＤＴＧ和ＳＥＭ等手段对催化剂进行了表征;考察了不同Ｆｅ负载量和焙烧温度的Ｆｅ２Ｏ３／ＳｉＯ２催化剂对异辛醇氧化生成异辛酸反应的催化活性的影响,确定了最佳催化剂制备条件．结果表明,Ｆｅ负载量为４％,焙烧温度为５００℃时,催化剂活性组分Ｆｅ２Ｏ３的在载体上分散均匀,晶粒大小基本一致,催化剂比表面积较大,催化剂活性达到最佳,异辛酸选择性最高可达５５．１４％,收率可达２２．４１％．     

氧化镍中非化学计量氧在乙烷氧化脱氢中的作用

以纯ＮｉＯ为模型催化剂考察了乙烷氧化脱氢（ＯＤＨＥ）性能，发现非化学计量氧的存在与反应的活性及选择性密切相关．ＴＧＡ研究结果表明，５００℃制备的样品具有ｘ≈６％的非化学计量氧．Ｈ２ＴＰＲ结果表明，非化学计量氧与晶格氧的可还原性明显不同；Ｏ２ＴＰＤＭＳ又把非化学计量氧区分为两个氧物种，Ｏ－２和Ｏ－（或Ｏ２－２）．脉冲试验结果表明，非化学计量氧对ＯＤＨＥ制乙烯是选择性反应的活性氧物种，晶格氧是完全氧化反应的活性氧物种．一旦催化剂中非化学计量氧耗尽并动用晶格氧时，催化剂便有Ｎｉ０生成，表现出自催化性能，使反应活性迅速提高，但产物均为ＣＯ２，ＣＯ，ＣＨ４等完全燃烧或裂解产物．为保持有较高的乙烯收率，反应处于稳态时Ｎｉ必须处于高价态．电导测定结果表明，优良的ＯＤＨＥ催化剂应有Ｐ型半导性．     

新型高活性催化剂乙烯气相聚合的研究（I）：气相均聚和共聚…

研究了新型高活性乙烯气相聚合催化剂ＴｉＣｌ４／ＭｇＣｌ２／ＺｎＣｌ２／ＳｉＣｌ４／醇／Ａｌ（ｉ－Ｂｕ）３体系中钛和醇组分含量对聚合反应和产物颗粒形态的影响。测定了乙烯气相聚合反应动力学曲线，确定了聚合动力学方程。用ＳＥＭ，ＤＳＣ，ＷＡＸＤ，＾１＾３ＣＮＭＲ对催化剂及聚合物的形态，结构和性能进行了分析和表征。     

Cr/MCM-41催化剂的结构特征及其纳米尺寸孔内聚乙烯的形成

合成了纯硅MCM-41,并以浸渍法在表面负载烯烃聚合催化活性中心---过渡金属元素Cr;通过对所得Cr/MCM-41样品的结构特征及Cr物种的存在形成进行XRD,低温N2吸附,FTIR,Raman,^2^9SiNMR等表征发现,Cr/MCM-41具有良好的长程有序结构、较高的比表面积及均一的孔径分布。负载于MCM-41表面的Cr物种通过与羟基的相互作用分散于载体孔道内。Cr负载量较低时,Cr物种主要以孤立态存在,随着Cr含量增加,出现聚合态的Cr物种。Cr/MCM-41的一维孔道内,不仅可进行乙烯的聚合形成聚乙烯,而且反应后MCM-41的长程结构保持不变。     

Ti—MCM—41的结构特征与芳烃羟化反应的化学亲和选择性

以不同硅源合成了Si/Ti比不同的Si-Ti－MCM－41,并在引入Ti的同时引入Al,合成了Si/Al比不同的Si-Ti-Al-MCM-41。XRD、TEM、低温N2吸附的表征结果说明,Ti-MCM-41具有长程有序一维孔道,且比表面积较高,FT－IR光谱表征说明,Ti对骨架Si的取代使MCM－41表面出现缺陷羟基。Al的引入有利于Ti-MCM-41有序结构的形成。且可调变Ti-MCM-41的表面性质。Ti-MCM-41在不同极性芳烃化合物的羟化过程中表现出化学亲和选择性,且调变Ti-MCM-41的表面性质可实现对化学亲和选择性的控制。     

Studies on the Surface Properties of MCM-41

IntroductionMCM- 41 ,a member of the M41 S family ofmesoporous silicate/ aluminosilicates,possesses aone dimensional structure[1] with hexagonallyarranged uniform pores.The unique structuralcharacteristics of this material,such as its largeBET surface area,high porosity,and controllablepore size with a narrow distribution suggest thatMCM- 41 may be full of promise as a catalyst[2 ] ,catalyst support[3 ] or as a host for host- guestencapsulation[4] .MCM- 41 has therefore attracted agreat d…     

Preparation and characterization of polyaniline-containing Na-AlMCM-41 as composite material with semiconductor behavior

Composite material formed from a mesoporous aluminosilicate, Na-AlMCM-41, with conducting polyaniline (PANI) has been synthesized by an in situ polymerization technique. Studies of aniline adsorption over mesoporous Na-AlMCM-41 synthesized in our laboratory allowed us to find the modes in which aniline interacts with the active sites of Na-AlMCM-41. In order to obtain the best reaction conditions to polymerize aniline onto Na-AlMCM-41, aniline was first polymerized to produce pure PANI. Hence, the oxidative in situ polymerization was carried out by two procedures, differing in the polymerization time and in static or stirring conditions. Studies of infrared spectroscopy and UV-vis spectroscopy indicated that higher polymerization time and static conditions allowed us to obtain mainly polyaniline in emeraldine form on the host. The N(2) isotherm of the polyaniline/Na-AlMCM-41 composite (PANI/MCM) indicated that the shape was similar to that of MCM, but the shift to saturation transition to lower partial pressure shows that the channels are occupied by PANI and they are now narrowed. The thermal properties of PANI, Na-AlMCM-41, and composite were investigated by TGA analyses and we found that the polymer shows higher thermal stability when it is forming the composite. Scanning electron microscopy indicated that PANI is not on the outer surface of the host. Conductivity studies show that PANI/Na-AlMCM-41 exhibits semiconductor behavior at room temperature and its conductivity was 7.0 x 10(-5) S/cm, smaller than that of pure polyaniline. PANI/Na-AlMCM-41 conductivity shows an increase as temperature increases. Magnetic measurements at room temperature confirmed that the composite has paramagnetic behavior; at lower temperatures the composite became diamagnetic.     

BO3－3／Mo－MCM－41的制备及其对2－甲氧基萘乙酰化反应的催化性能

 制备了Mo－MCM－41中孔分子筛，并将BO3－3引入到分子筛中制得BO3－3／Mo－MCM－41催化剂．采用XRD，FT－IR，ESR，BET和NH3－TPD对分子筛催化剂的结构及酸强度进行了表征．结果表明，Mo－MCM－41和BO3－3／Mo－MCM－41具有中孔分子筛的特征，有良好的长程有序 性和结晶度；但Mo并未进入分子筛骨架内部而是在分子筛表面以MoO2的形式存在；BO3－3附着于Mo－MCM－41分子筛上形成强酸中心．将BO3－3／Mo－MCM－41用于催化2－甲氧基萘乙酰化反应，考察了催化剂用量、Si／Mo比及BO3－3的引入方式对该反应性能的影响，发现BO3－3／Mo－MCM－41对2－甲氧基萘乙酰化反应具有良好的催化性能．     

Influence of Pore Structure on Catalytic Properties of Mesoporous Silica-supported Co-B Amorphous Alloys in Hydrogenation of Cinnamaldehyde to Cinnamyl Alcohol

Co‐B amorphous alloy catalysts supported on three kinds of mesoporous silica (common SiO₂, MCM‐41 and SBA‐15) have been systematically studied focusing on the effect of pore structure on the catalytic properties in liquid‐phase hydrogenation of cinnamaldehyde to cinnamyl alcohol (CMO). Structural characterization of a series of different catalysts was performed by means of N₂ adsorption, X‐ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, hydrogen chemisorption, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Various characterizations revealed that the pore structure of supports profoundly influenced the particle size, location and dispersion degree of Co‐B amorphous alloys. Co‐B/SBA‐15 was found more active and selective to CMO than either Co‐B/SiO₂ or Co‐B/MCM‐41. The superior catalytic activity could be attributed to the higher active surface area, because most of Co‐B nanoparticles in Co‐B/SBA‐15 were located in the ordered pore channels of SBA‐15 rather than on the external surface as found in Co‐B/SiO₂ and Co‐B/MCM‐41. Meanwhile, the geometrical confinement effect of the ordered mesoporous structure of SBA‐15 was considered to be responsible for the enhanced selectivity to CMO on Co‐B/SBA‐15, inhibiting the further hydrogenation of CMO to hydrocinnamyl alcohol.     

Novel Preparation of Polyethylene from Nano‐extrusion Polymerization Inside the Nanochannels of MCM‐41/MgCl2/TiCl4 Catalysts

The MCM‐41 and SiO₂ supported TiCl₄ and TiCl₄/MgCl₂ catalysts with different molar ratios of Mg/Ti were synthesized and used for ethylene polymerization under atmospheric pressure. The nanochannels of MCM‐41 serve as nanoscale polymerization reactor and the polyethylene nanofibers were extruded during the reaction. The nanofibers were observed in SEM micrographs of resulting polyethylene. The effect of MgCl₂ on catalytic activity and thermal properties of resulting polyethylene is investigated too. In the presence of MgCl₂, the catalytic activity increased and more crystalline polyethylene with higher melting points were formed. However, no fibers could be observed in the polyethylene prepared by SiO₂ supported catalysts.     

Synthesis,Characterization and Catalysis of Ce‐MCM‐41

The cerium‐containing MCM‐41 (Ce‐MCM‐41) has been synthesized by direct hydrothermal method. The low‐angle XRD patterns revealed the typical five major peaks of MCM‐41 type hexagonal structures. The interplanar spacing d₁₀₀ = 38.4 Å was obtained that can be indexed on a hexagonal unit cell parameter with a_o = 44.3 Å which was larger than that of pure siliceous MCM‐41 (Si‐MCM‐41). Transmission electron micrograph shows the regular hexagonal array of uniform channel characteristics of MCM‐41. The BET surface area of Ce‐MCM‐41 was 840 m²/g, which is much reduced as compared to that of Si‐MCM‐41, with the pore size of 26.9 Å and mesopore volume of 0.78 cm³/g were measured by nitrogen adsorption‐desorption isotherm at 77 K. Along with the results, the synthesized Ce‐MCM‐41 exhibited a well‐ordered MCM‐41‐type mesoporous structure with the incorporation of cerium. Using Ce‐MCM‐41 as a support, the Rh (0.5 wt%) catalyst exhibited very high activity for the NO/CO reactions.     

Hydrodesulfurization of Thiophene on Ni,Mo-supported MCM-41 Catalysts

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＴｈｅｒｅｃｅｎｔｄｉｓｃｏｖｅｒｙｏｆｎｏｖｅｌｅｘｔｒａｌａｒｇｅｍｅｓｏｐｏｒｏｕｓＭＣＭ－４１ｍｏｌｅｃｕｌａｒｓｉｅｖｅｓ［１，２］ｆｉｌｓｔｈｅｇａｐｂｅｔｗｅｅｎｍｉｃｒｏｐｏｒｏｕｓａｎｄｍａｃｒｏｐｏｒｏｕｓ...     

MSU-SMFI和MCM-41的催化裂化及烷基化活性比较

以MFI沸石前驱体作为基本结构单元组装介孔硅铝分子筛MSU-S_MFI. XRD和氮气吸附数据表明MSU-SMFI具有类似MCM-41的六方排列介孔孔道结构,而且其织构参数和以传统方法合成的含铝MCM-41也大体相当.NH₃-TPD显示由沸石前驱体组装的MSU-S_MFI较硅铝比相同的含铝MCM-41介孔分子筛的固体酸量显著提高.MSU-S_MFI上的异丙苯催化裂化转化率比含铝MCM-41提高31％, 1,3,5-三异丙苯在MSU-S_MFI上也发生了更深的裂解. MSU-S_MFI上萘的叔丁基化的转化率比含铝MCM-41提高了15％.以沸石前驱体作为基本结构单元是提高介孔分子筛固体酸性的有效方法.