硒—矾体系中锡的催化波测定

水中锡的各种测定方法报导不少,但这些方法受干扰元素影响较大。高小霞等提出钒体系中锡催化极谱法测定,可提高测定的灵敏度。我们发现,在硒—钒催化体系中测定痕量的锡,可较明显地提高分析的灵敏度。当锡浓度较高时,很少量的硒     

石墨炉原子吸收法直接测定高纯铜中痕量杂质砷硒锡

Bedard曾用氢化物火焰原子吸收法测定电解铜中砷、硒、碲、锡;Mullen用石墨炉原子吸收法测定高纯铜中硒、碲、铋、锑及砷,结果基体铜对测定均有干扰,因此,分别用氢氧化镧、氢氧化铁共沉淀欲测元素,与铜分离后再进行测定。Haynes测定高纯铜中砷、锑、硒、碲;Barnett测定铁合     

发生氢化物-火焰原子吸收用的一种新的小型氢化物发生器 Ⅱ、井水中含砷量和H_(62)黄铜中锑、铋的测定

对新的小型氢化物发生器的结构和性能的初步研究表明,该发生器用于发生氢化物火焰原子吸收法测定砷、硒、碲、锑、铋、锡等元素具有灵敏度高、结构简单、操作简便、不需要特殊设备及专门技术等特点。用该方法测定井水中含砷量和H_(62)黄铜中的锑和铋,比常规火焰原子吸收法操作简单、灵敏度高、结果准确。     

锡石墨炉原子化机理研究

本文考察了盐酸、硫酸、硝酸、亚硒酸及硼酸中锡的石墨炉原子吸收特性,对锡在不同基体中的原子化过程进行了初步探讨。发现硼酸是石墨炉法测定锡时的一种较好的化学改进剂;1%的硼酸加入可克服一定含量的硫酸与盐酸的干扰。并利用XRD与XPS对硼酸与锡共存时的石墨表面进行了结构与状态分析。提出了硼酸与锡共存时,锡的原子化历程。     

用超声波加快硒-邻苯二胺的络合与萃取测定硒(Ⅳ)

邻苯二胺是常用的测定硒的络合剂,Ariyoshi等人曾以邻苯二胺为络合剂用紫外光谱法测定微量硒,侯家麟等用相同的方法测定了亚硒酸钠片中硒的含量,其原理是:邻苯二胺与亚硒酸发生络合反应生成3,4-苯并-1,2,5-重氮苤硒脑,再以甲苯萃取,用光度法测定萃取液。我们试用超声波作用使络合和萃取一步完成,该方法尚未见文献报道。     

原子吸收光谱法测定电解铜中微量锡和锑

建立了用偏振塞曼原子吸收光谱法测定电解铜中微量元素锡、锑含量的方法。本方法用硝酸溶解样品，所得试样用空气-乙炔火焰原子吸收光谱法测定，工作曲线法定量。测定结果满意。     

原子吸收法测定化探样中微量锡

到目前为止,应用氢化法测定地球化学样品中微量锡的方法报导甚少。本报告采用自己设计的用于测定砷、锑、铋的改进型的氢化物发生装置,用亚硝基红盐消除铜、镍、铁等元素的干扰进行氢化法测定地球化学样品中微量锡。方法简单、快速、适应性广,可测定试样中ppm以上的锡。     

火焰原子吸收法测定马口铁镀层厚度

马口铁即镀锡铁,镀层厚度的测定,有化学法和物理法两种,我们在实践中探索出一个简易快速的方法,其测定原理是,先准确称取马口铁的重量,精确测量马口铁试样的总面积,然后用盐酸溶解试样,定容到一定体积,用火焰原子吸收法测定锡含量,最后计算出锡的质量分数和单位面积上的锡含量。该法测定的结果与X射线荧光法进行了比较,其数据完全吻合,说明该方法准确、可靠,有应用性和推广价值。     

连续氢化物发生端视ICP-AES法测定水中痕量硒和汞

报道了用自制的在线氢化物连续发生装置,应用端视ICP-AES法测定水中痕量硒和汞。不需要专用氢化物发生装置,分析成本低。在完成非氢化法测定或氢化法测定时不需拆卸或安装。方法简便、快速。测定水中硒和汞的测定,其检出限分别为2×10-4和1×10-4mg·L-1。     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定锡铅合金中的锡

建立电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP–OES)法测定锡铅合金中的高含量锡。采用盐酸、硝酸、酒石酸溶解样品,在优化的操作条件下,采用基体匹配和内标相结合的方法消除干扰。选择分析线和内标线分别为Sn283.999 nm和Y 371.030 nm,用ICP–OES法测定锡铅合金中的锡,以内标法定量。锡的含量在7.36%～89.91%范围内具有良好的线性关系,线性相关系数r=0.999 7,检出限为0.06%。该方法用于锡铅合金样品中锡的测定,测定结果的相对标准偏差为0.46%～1.50%(n=11),加标回收率在88%～114%之间。该方法简便、快速、准确,可用于锡铅合金中锡含量的测定。     

Simultaneous determination of hydride forming elements (As, Sb, Se, Sn) and Hg in sonicate slurries of biological and environmental reference materials by hydride generation microwave induced plasma optical emission spectrometry (SS-HG-MIP-OES)

A slurry sampling hydride generation (SS-HG) method for the simultaneous determination of hydride forming elements (As, Sb, Se, Sn) and Hg, without total sample digestion, has been developed using batch mode generation system coupled with microwave induced plasma optical emission spectrometry (MIP-OES) from certified biological and environmental reference materials. Slurry concentration up to 3.6% m/v (particles < 80 μm) prepared in 10% HCl containing 100 μl of decanol, by the application of ultrasonic agitation, was used with calibration by the standard addition technique. Harsh conditions were used in the slurry preparation in order to reduce the hydride forming elements to their lower oxidation states, As(III), Sb(III), Se(IV) and Sn(II) and Hg, being reduced to mercury vapor, before reacting with sodium tetrahydroborate. An ultrasonic probe was used to homogenize the slurry in the quartz cup just before its introduction into the reaction vessel. For 10 ml of slurry sample, detection limits (LOD, 3σ_blank, peak area) of 0.06, 0.08, 0.15, 0.12 and 0.10 μg g^− 1 were obtained for As, Sb, Se, Sn and Hg, respectively. The method offers relatively good precision (RSD ranged from 9 to 12%) for slurry analysis. To test the accuracy, three certified reference materials were analyzed with the analyte concentrations mostly in the μg g^− 1 level. Measured concentrations are in satisfactory agreement with certified values for the biological reference materials: NRCC LUTS-1 (lobster hepatopancreas), NRCC DOLT-2 (Dogfish Liver) and environmental reference material: NRCC PACS-1 (Marine Sediment), all adequate for slurry sampling. The method requires small amounts of reagents and reduces contamination and losses.     

高碘酸钾氧化中性红褪色催化动力学光度法测定痕量硒(Ⅳ)

基于3.2×10-4mol/LH2SO4介质中,痕量硒(Ⅳ)催化KIO4氧化中性红的褪色反应,建立了测定痕量硒(Ⅳ)的动力学光度法。在固定加热时间段(6min)后,于530nm处测定中性红的吸光度降低值监控反应速率。方法检出限为0.36μg/L,校准曲线的质量浓度线性范围为0～8.0μg/L。实验了酸度、反应物浓度、温度、反应时间、干扰离子等因素的影响。研究了反应的最佳条件,并测定了一些动力学参数,催化反应的表观活化能为81.60kJ/mol。11次重复测定0.1μg/25mL和0.2μg/25mLSe(Ⅳ)的相对标准偏差分别为2.1%和1.9%。方法用于食品和人发样品中痕量硒(Ⅳ)的测定,相对标准偏差为0.33%～3.8%,加标回收率为96.0%～103.0%。     

Determination of hydride forming elements (As,Sb, Se,Sn) and Hg in environmental reference materials as acid slurries by on-line hydride generation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

A method for the determination of As, Hg, Sb, Se and Sn in environmental and in geological reference materials, as acidified slurries, by flow injection (FI) coupled to a hydride generation system (HG) and detection by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is proposed. The HG unit has a gas liquid separator and a drying unit for the generated vapor. The slurries were prepared by two procedures. Approximately 50 mg of the reference material, ground to a particle size ≤50 μm, was mixed with acid solutions in an ultrasonic bath. In Procedure A, the medium was a hydrochloric acid solution while in Procedure B, the medium was aqua regia plus a hydrochloric acid solution. The conditions for the slurry formation and the instrumental parameters were optimized. Harsh conditions were used in the slurry preparation in order to reduce the hydride forming analytes to their lower oxidation states, As (III), Se(IV), Sb(III) and Sn(II), before reacting with sodium tetrahydroborate. To test the accuracy, 10 certified reference materials were analyzed (four sediments, three coals, one coal fly ash and two sewage sludges), with the analyte concentrations mostly in the μg g⁻¹ level. Good agreements with the certified values were obtained for Hg, Sb and Sn in the sediments using Procedure A and calibration against aqueous standard solutions. Using Procedure B, good results were obtained for Hg, Se and Sn in the sediment samples, for Se in the coal and coal fly ash samples and for Hg in the sewage sludge samples, also using external calibration with aqueous standard solutions. For As in sediments, coals and coal fly ash, Procedure B and the analyte addition calibration was required, indicating matrix effects. The relative standard deviations were lower than 5%, demonstrating a good precision for slurry analysis. The limits of quantification (10 times the standard deviation; n=10), in the samples, in ng g⁻¹, were: 20 for As, 60 for Hg, 80 for Sb, 200 for Se and 90 for Sn. The method requires small amounts of reagents and reduces contamination and losses.     

Solvothermal Synthesis,Crystal Structure and Optical Property of Lanthanide Selenidostannate [{Tb（en）_3}_2（μ-OH）_2]Sn_2Se_6 with a 3-D H-bonded Network

An inorganic-organic hybrid lanthanide selenidostannate [{Tb(en)3}2(μ-OH)2]Sn2Se6(1) was synthesized by the solvothermal method.1 crystallizes in the monoclinic system,space group P21/n with a=10.120(2),b=11.781(3),c=15.403(3),β=99.534(5)°,V=1811.1(7)3,Mr=1423.62,Z=2,Dc=2.611 g/cm3,μ=11.281 mm-1,F(000)=1312,S=1.101,the final R= 0.0400 and wR=0.0853 for 3242 observed reflections with Ⅰ> 2σ(Ⅰ).1 consists of a [Sn2Se6]4-and a [{Tb(en)3}2(μ-OH)2]4+ ions.The [Sn2Se6]4-anion is constructed by two SnSe4 tetrahedra sharing a common edge.The binuclear [{Tb(en)3}2(μ-OH)2]4+ complex is composed of two [Tb(en)3]3+ ions joined by two μ-OH bridging ligands.The Tb3+ ion lies in an eight-coordinated bicapped trigonal prism.In 1,the [Sn2Se6]4-and [{Tb(en)3}2(μ-OH)2]4+ moieties are connected into a 3-D network via N-H···Se and O-H···Se H-bonds.     

海南产槟榔、沉香及槟榔-沉香药对中锰的测定与生物利用性

为测定海南产槟榔、沉香及槟榔-沉香(质量比为1∶1)药对中锰的含量与生物利用性,并了解锰的健康效应,采用火焰原子吸收光谱法(FAAS)测定了槟榔、沉香原药及其水煎液中锰的含量,并用体外消化-透析法模拟人体胃肠道消化,研究了锰的生物利用性.结果表明,该法回收率为98.32%～102.40%,RSD为1.24%～1.76%...     

Determination of Selenium and Tin in Human Brain by Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

 A method is reported for measuring Se and Sn in human brain tissue. The patients from whom the samples were taken had no diseases in their central nervous system. Microwave energy was applied to digest the brain samples. The digested samples were analyzed without dilution by transversely heated graphite atomizer for atomic absorption spectrometry with longitudinal Zeeman background correction. The dependence of integrated absorbance on various chemical modifiers has been examined. The most appropriate technique proved to be 5 μl sample injection using 20 μg prereduced palladium-nitrate for Se determination, and 20 μl sample injection applying 10 μg palladium-nitrate + 3 μg magnesium-nitrate for the measurements of Sn. The optimal temperature program was found to be 1200 °C pyrolysis and 2100 °C atomisation temperature for Se and 1500 °C pyrolysis and 2300 °C atomisation temperature for Sn. Accuracy of the applied techniques was tested by the analysis of standard reference materials. The precision was ±5% for Se and ±10% for Sn. The range of recovery values was 85–95% for Se and 95–105% for Sn. The mean Se concentrations in the investigated brain parts ranged from 200 to 700 ng/g, while the Sn concentrations were between 20 and 300 ng/g dry weight. Received October 3, 2000. Revision February 1, 2001.     

火焰原子吸收法测定树头发的微量元素

使用灰化法处理样品,火焰原子吸收光谱法测定了药用真菌树头发中的Zn、Se、Fe、Cu、Ag、Cd的含量。结果表明,除Cd未检出外,树头发中的微量元素含量Zn、Se、Fe、Cu、Ag分别为12．835、2．376、35．256、1．029、0．078μg／g,各元素含量由高到低顺序为：Fe、Zn、Se、Cu、Ag,加标回收率为96．3％-106．7％。     

分光光度法测定钨矿中微量钨

提出了一种测定钨矿中微量钨的分光光度法。该法摩尔吸光系数ε为9.6× 1 0 4 L· mol-1· cm-1,相对标准偏差 <2 % ,加标回收率为 95%～ 1 0 4 %。WO3 含量在 0～ 30 μg/50 m L 范围内满足比尔定律     

Determination of Total Selenium in Human Urine and Serum by Graphite-Furnace Atomic-Absorption Spectrophotometry with Palladium-Nickel-Ammonium Nitrates as a Matrix Modifier

After human urine or serum was diluted (1 + 9) with HNO₃ (0.2%, v/v) and standard additions of Se solution (100 μ L^?1), the diluted sample (10 μL) was introduced into the graphite cuvette. The matrix modifier [10μL, containing Pd (0.6 μg) + Ni (25 μg) + NH₄NO₃ (80 μg) in HNO₃ (0.2%, v/v) for urine, or Pd (0.3 μg) + Ni (30 μg) + NH₄NO₃ (80 μg) + Triton X-100 (0.04%) in HNO₃ (0.2%, v/v) for serum, respectively] was added and the mixture was heated according to a temperature program. The matrix modifier containing NH₄NO₃ in a suitable amount and a small amount of Pd enhanced the sensitivity for Se. The method detection limits (3σ) after dilution were about 4.9 ± 0.8 and 2.36 ± 0.18 μg L^?1 for urine and serum, respectively. The accuracy of this method was tested with SRM #2670 human urine Se and Seronorm Trace Elements #116 human serum Se, respectively, and the results of 97.6 – 101% and 100 – 104% were obtained with precision ± 0.3% and ± 2%, respectively. This method can be applied easily and accurately to the determination of concentration of total Se in human urine and serum.     

氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定北虫草中总硒和无机硒

北虫草试样经硝酸-高氯酸(5+1)混合酸消解,用原子荧光光谱法测定总硒的含量;北虫草试样用盐酸浸提,用原子荧光光谱法测定无机硒的含量。使用溶于5g.L-1氢氧化钾溶液中的20g.L-1硼氢化钾溶液使与溶液中硒离子反应生成氢化物。分析中采用载气及屏蔽气的流量依次为500mL.min-1及1 000mL.min-1。荧光强度与硒的质量浓度在100μg·L-1以内呈线性关系,方法的检出限(3s/k)为0.2μg·L-1。应用此法测定北虫草中硒的含量,总砷测定值的相对标准偏差(n=5)在3.4%～3.9%之间,无机硒的平均回收率为103%。