钙掺杂介孔氧化锆的合成及其表征

室温下1.5 mmol·L^-1硫酸铵溶液体系中,以阳离子型表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化胺为模板,四水硫酸锆为无机前驱体,按照配位体辅助模板机理合成介孔氧化锆前驱体。通过液相后移植工艺实现了钙对氧化锆的掺杂改性。借助XRD、TEM、UV-Vis、XPS、N₂吸-脱附及室温荧光光谱(RTPL)等方法对样品进行了表征分析。研究表明,钙离子进入氧化锆骨架结构中,掺杂改性后的氧化锆具有很强的荧光特性,其孔径尺寸在2.2 nm左右。     

基于双金属Y/Zr-UiO-67的介孔氧化钇-氧化锆固溶体制备及其离子电导

采用溶剂热法,将不同物质的量的Y~(3+)离子掺入金属有机框架UiO-67的次级结构单元(SBUs),得到具有Zr(Ⅳ)-O及Y(Ⅲ)-O混合次级结构单元的双金属有机框架Y/Zr-Ui O-67。以此金属有机框架结构作为模板通过两步煅烧法制备介孔钇掺杂氧化锆。结果表明,这种金属有机框架结构衍生的氧化钇-氧化锆固溶体有高的比表面积和氧离子电导率。     

合成介孔纳米晶体氧化锆的新方法(英文)

通过一种新颖的方法,即软模板-固液技术(CSSL)合成具有高比表面积的介孔纳米晶体氧化锆.首先,通过软模板法以1-十六烷基-3-甲基咪唑溴(C16mim+Br-)为结构导向剂,硫酸锆为无机前驱物合成了介观相氧化锆杂化物,然后该杂化物与固体硝酸铜无机盐研磨并进行热处理.在600℃焙烧后所得到的氧化锆材料具有蠕虫状介孔结构,且孔壁由尺寸约为2.50nm的四方相氧化锆纳米粒子组成.该材料的比表面积为240.0m2·g-1,孔径为4.10nm.与之对应,使用单一的软模板法在相同的温度焙烧后,所得到的氧化锆材料介孔结构坍塌,比表面积仅为9.5m·2g-1.     

金属改性硅基介孔材料及其加氢脱硫研究进展

硅基介孔材料具有孔径分布均一、孔道结构独特、比表面积高等优点,其在石油产品加氢脱硫(HDS)催化剂载体中的应用成为近年来研究的热点。但在实际应用过程中硅基介孔材料的耐硫性差、路径选择性低等局限性也逐渐显现出来,针对此类问题,近年来的研究集中在硅基材料的改性工作上。本文综述了近年来金属改性的硅基介孔材料应用于油品加氢脱硫的研究现状,重点讨论了铝、钛、锆等金属的引入对硅基介孔材料基本结构(比表面积、孔容和孔径)、酸性和HDS催化活性的影响。分析总结了经金属改性的硅基介孔材料作为HDS催化剂载体的优点和不足,并展望了其未来的应用前景。     

ZrO_2-Al_2O_3复合氧化物的合成及其性能研究

采用表面活性剂改性的沉淀法合成了系列掺杂钇、镧、钡的氧化锆铝复合氧化物。通过XRD、XRF、低温N2吸附和CO脉冲化学吸附等手段考察了表面活性剂、助剂、焙烧温度对复合材料结构、孔结构以及负载0.5%铑催化剂的分散性能等的影响。研究表明:与采用常规沉淀法合成的氧化锆铝复合氧化物相比,添加表面活性剂合成的样品具有更大的比表面积、孔容和适合的孔径分布。分别或同时掺杂La、Ba、Y合成的氧化锆铝复合氧化物都能抑制氧化铝的α相变,提高复合材料和催化剂表面金属Rh的高温抗烧结能力,特别是同时掺杂La、Ba、Y合成的Rh/LBYZA样品经1100℃4h焙烧后仍有17.82%的金属分散度。以LBYZA为载体制备的新鲜催化剂(600℃4h焙烧样品)在CO选择还原NO反应中NO和CO的起燃温度分别为240、243℃,完全燃烧温度分别为273、280℃,表现出较高的催化活性。     

基于后功能化工艺修饰类石墨相氮化碳及其光催化产氢性能研究（英文）

本研究设计了一种后功能化工艺方法修饰类石墨相氮化炭材料。通过此工艺成功得到了硼掺杂的介孔氮化炭材料,该材料比表面积高达125 m²/g,这为提升光催化分解水性能奠定了基础。利用X射线衍射、X射线光电子能谱,荧光光谱和紫外-可见光谱对材料进行了全面的表征。基于X射线光电子能谱分析,发现通过后功能化处理硼原子成功掺杂进入氮化炭的晶格中;通过吸收光谱分析得知,硼掺杂的介孔氮化炭材料增强了在可见光区的光吸收;通过荧光光谱分析得知,相比原始氮化炭材料,硼掺杂后的介孔氮化炭材料有着更低的荧光强度,意味着光生电子和空穴的分离得到了提升。对材料进行光催化分解水测试,后功能化处理得到的硼掺杂介孔氮化炭材料的产氢速率是原始氮化炭材料的10.2倍。此结论对后续利用后功能化工艺修饰材料提升材料性能具有一定的借鉴意义。     

功能化介孔材料在环境领域的应用研究进展

介孔材料是一种具有较大比表面积和高度有序孔道结构的材料,而功能化介孔材料是将介孔材料改性而使其具有不同的功能。这种材料由于具有极好的吸附和催化性能而被广泛应用于环境领域中。本文总结了功能化介孔材料的制备方法,包括引入官能团、掺杂金属和酸改性;探讨分析了几种制备方法下的功能化介孔材料的特点和应用前景;重点介绍了功能化介孔材料在吸附重金属、有机污染物、染料、CO2以及催化领域的研究进展;最后展望了未来功能化介孔材料的应用前景和发展趋势,以期为功能化介孔材料的发展提供参考和指明方向。     

掺杂钆、钇的吡啶二酰胺铕配合物的发光性能

以N,N'-二(2-羧基苯基)-2,6-吡啶二甲酰胺(BCPD)为配体,按不同摩尔比掺杂Ln3+(Ln=Gd,Y)的Eu混合物为中心体,合成掺杂钆、钇的稀土铕配合物EuxLn1-x-BCPD,并对配合物进行了光谱分析。红外分析结果表明,掺杂钆、钇后的配合物结构与未掺杂的BCPD-Eu配合物的配位结构基本保持一致;荧光分析结果表明,两种掺杂离子对铕配合物的特征荧光均存在"共发光效应",但钆的共荧光作用要强于钇;随着掺杂离子的加入,体系中R值均大于1,且当掺杂稀土离子与铕离子的比例接近1∶1时,所得掺杂配合物的荧光强度最大。实验结果为进一步开发成本低且发光性能良好的稀土发光材料提供了依据。     

立方介孔相含钇氧化硅的合成与表征

以低浓度的十六烷基三甲基溴化铵为结构导向剂,在碱性条件下通过水热法合成了具有立方结构的含钇Y MCM 48介孔分子筛材料。XRD测试表明当Y/Si<0.05时可以获得典型的长程有序介孔立方结构相,随Y/Si比的增加,晶胞参数的增大和红外吸收光谱(FTIR)的变化为Y进入介孔分子筛骨架中提供了有力证据。N2吸附-脱附实验给出这种立方介孔材料的BET表面积为1180m2·g-1,BJH平均孔径为3.4nm。紫外 可见漫反射光谱(UV vis)证明钇以一种六配位的形式存在。X射线光电子能谱(XPS)进一步证明钇以三价形式存在于立方介孔分子筛骨架中。     

氨基改性介孔二氧化硅的制备及其吸附性能研究

合成了一种具有较大孔径的氨基改性介孔二氧化硅材料(m-MCF)。通过XRD、TEM、低温氮吸附、TGA、FTIR以及原子吸收光谱(AAS)等表征方法对产物的结构和性能进行的分析表明:利用三甲基苯为扩孔剂制备得到的介孔材料具有较大的孔径，有利于功能基团对孔内表面的改性。当氨基改性介孔材料后，该材料仍然保留较大的孔径(22 nm)和较高的比表面积(444 m²·g^-1)。研究发现:与改性而未扩孔的介孔二氧化硅SBA-15相比，该材料对铜离子的吸附能力提高了2倍。     

Synthesis and Characterization of Yttrium Doped Nano-zirconia by a Cationic Surfactant-assisted Route

1INTRODUCTION Zirconia is a kind of metal oxide material with high melting point(2700℃),high boiling point,small thermal conductivity,large coefficient of ther-mal expansion,high temperature resistance,good abrasive resistance and favorable resistance to corrosion.Due to its both acid and alkaline surface centers,zirconia is an ideal catalytic material with acid group bi-functions[1].In addition,owing to the excellent ionic exchange property as well as the chemical and mechanical stabilit…     

Surface analytical study of hydrothermally treated zirconia ceramics

Summary The hydrothermal instability of yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystals (Y-TZP) imposes serious problems on their range of applications as ceramic materials. It is well known that a generally uniform distribution of yttrium cations prevents the transformation of the metastable tetragonal into the monoclinic crystallographic modification. The induced crack propagation is widely considered to be a major source of mechanical failure in zirconia ceramics. The segregation was investigated of yttrium and other cations on the surface of hydrothermally treated ceramic samples with angle resolved XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy). The combination of this method with the high lateral resolution of SAM (scanning Auger microprobe) yields three dimensional distribution profiles of Y³⁺, Al³⁺ and Si⁴⁺. The relative content of the two crystallographic modifications of zirconia at the surface has been determined with XRD (X-ray diffraction). Additional Raman spectroscopic measurements partially confirm these results but suffer from quantification problems. A possible mechanism for the enrichment of yttrium in the surface layer and its promotive function for the phase transformation of zirconia is proposed. Preliminary results from experiments with temperature variable XPS measurements also indicate the formation of either yttrium- or zirconium hydroxide which are both suspected to contribute to crack propagation along the grain boundaries.     

超临界条件下合成晶型骨架的介孔氧化锆

采用聚氧乙烯型非离子表面活性剂(PEO)为模板剂,超临界乙醇为介质,在不同条件下(各种PEO,不同pH值和络合剂)合成了类似于MSU的介孔氧化锆.XRD,N₂物理脱吸附曲线,TEM及选区电子衍射证明该介孔氧化锆骨架为四方晶型;改变表面活性剂类型、络合剂及pH可调变介孔氧化锆的BET表面积与孔分布.     

钯负载介孔氧化锆基复合催化材料的合成与表征

利用表面活性剂辅助模板及适当后处理工艺实现了少量贵金属氧化钯及稀土氧化铈在有序介孔氧化锆孔道中或孔道表面的均匀分散/负载. 借助XRD, TEM, EDS等分析手段进行样品结构表征; 同时针对不同催化体系探讨了丙烯催化氧化以及Heck反应的催化性能. 研究结果表明, 贵金属钯/稀土氧化铈负载的有序介孔氧化锆体系对丙烯氧化具有良好催化活性, 钯直接负载介孔氧化锆的体系具有优异的Heck反应催化选择性及较少的催化剂使用量.     

Synthesis and Characterization of Aluminum Doped Nano-ZrO_2 by Surfactant-assisted Route

Recently, more and more interest has been focused on zirconia and its chara- cteristics. In this paper, aluminum can be successfully incorporated into nano-ZrO2 via a cationic surfactant assisted route in the earlier preparation procedure. XRD, TEM, EDS, Uv-vis and N2 adsorption-desorption analysis methods were adopted for the characterization of prepared samples. The results show that aluminum has been homogeneously incorporated into nano-ZrO2. The prepared aluminum-doped samples show a distinctive blue shift in the Uv-vis spectra compared to normal nano-ZrO2. The distinctive increase of thermal stability and a mesoporous structure were observed.     

Nitrogen-doped zirconia: A comparison with cation stabilized zirconia

The conductivity behavior of nitrogen-doped zirconia is compared with that of zirconia doped with lower-valent cations and discussed in the framework of defect-defect interactions. While nominally introducing the same number of vacancies as yttrium, nitrogen dopants introduced in the anion sublattice of zirconia lead to substantially different defect kinetics and energetics. Compared to the equivalent yttrium doping nitrogen doping in the Y-Zr-O-N system substantially increases the activation energy and correspondingly decreases the conductivity at temperatures below in the vacancy range below 4 mol%. The comparison of N-doped zirconia and zirconia systems doped with size-matched cation stabilizers, such as Sc, Yb and Y, shows that elastically driven vacancy-vacancy ordering interactions can phenomenologically account for the temperature- and composition-dependence. It is striking that materials with superior high-temperature conductivities due to weak dopant-vacancy interactions undergo severe deterioration at low temperature due to the strong vacancy-ordering. The analysis also explains qualitatively similar effects of Y co-doping in Yb-, Sc-, and N-doped zirconia. Small amount of Y in N-doped zirconia as well as in Sc-doped zirconia appears to hinder the formation of the long-range ordered phase and thus enhance the conductivity substantially.     

Preliminary Synthesis and Characterization of Mesoporous Nanocrystalline Zirconia

A novel method to prepare mesoporous nano-zirconia was developed. The synthesis was carried out in the presence of PEO surfactants via a solid-state reaction. The materials exhibit a strong diffraction peak at low 28 angle and their nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherms are typical of type IV with H1 hysteresis loops. The pore structure imaged by TEM can be described as wormhole domains. The tetragonal zirconia nanocrystals are uniform in size (around 1.5 nm) and their mesopores focus on around 4.6 nm. The zirconia nanocrystal growth is tentatively postulated to be the result of an aggregation mechanism. This study also reveals that the PEO surfactants can interact with the Zr-O-Zr framework to reinforce the thermal stability of zirconia. The ratio of NaOH to ZrOC12, crystallization and calcination temperature play an important role in the synthesis of mesoporous nano-zirconia.     

阴离子表面活性剂辅助模板途径合成介孔结构氧化锆纳米晶

利用阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基磺酸钠(SDS)为辅助模板剂, 成功地合成了高稳定性的介孔氧化锆纳米晶, 采用DSC-TG, FT-IR, XRD, TEM, UV-Vis以及N₂吸附-脱附等方法对样品进行了表征. 研究表明, 以阴离子型十二烷基磺酸钠合成的氧化锆经600 ℃煅烧后仍为纯四方相, 氧化锆晶粒平均尺寸约为6.5 nm. 阴离子型表面活性剂与有机锆源形成自组装协同作用, 合成的氧化锆具有蠕虫状介孔结构, 经过500 ℃煅烧后介孔结构仍然保持, 且由于表面活性剂的去除, 比表面积显著提高, 显示了良好的热稳定性. 本实验制备的氧化锆纳米晶较一般方法制备的市售纳米氧化锆有明显紫外吸收边蓝移现象.     

Preparation of low-density 90Y microspheres consisting of mesoporous silica core/yttria shell: a potential therapeutic agent for hepatic tumors

A new low-density silica core/yttria shell microspheres was developed for medical purposes. For preparing the core of this material, sol-emulsion-gel method was used. It was then calcined at 1,000 °C to increase the strength of the mesoporous beads. After cooling, it was added into a solution containing the mixture of yttrium chloride and urea. Under these circumstances, yttrium chloride can decompose to yttrium basic carbonate particles by the gradual hydrolysis of urea. These particles are able to deposit on the surface of mesoporous silica beads. Different coated samples were prepared under various pH, temperature and stirring conditions. Samples were heated to convert yttrium basic carbonate to yttria. The resulting silica core/yttria shell microspheres was characterized by laser diffractometer, scanning electron and optical microscopy techniques. It was found the pH of silica sols, aging time and Span-80 play important role in the stage of mesoporous bead preparation. Furthermore, the findings showed the heating of core/shell microspheres was essential for the ultimate strength of the shell. The in vitro chemical durability tests showed the release of yttrium ion in two simulated body fluids at pH 6 and 7 was negligible after 4 weeks.     

层状和MSU结构的介孔纳米二氧化锆

在不添加任何结构稳定剂的条件下, 首次用固态反应结构导向法成功地合成了具有层状结构和MSU结构的介孔纳米二氧化锆. 研究发现, 通过有效地控制晶化条件, 二氧化锆的晶相、比表面和孔结构可以方便地得以调变. 晶相的转变由粒度大小控制, 并且构成无机骨架的相态不同, 合成样品的热稳定性存在差异. 结果显示, 介孔纳米二氧化锆的形成仍遵循超分子液晶模板机制, 且由碱锆摩尔比的大小控制介观相的转化, 低碱锆摩尔比条件下形成层状相, 而高碱锆摩尔比条件下为维持整个体系的低能稳定状态, 在电荷作用下形成反棒状胶束结构.