噬菌体展示肿瘤异性抗原表位的初步免疫活性研究

利用噬菌体展示技术将丝噬菌体（fd)基因8克隆入pKK233-3质粒中，将人的恶性黑色素瘤的抗原表位基因插入到修饰后的质粒载体中，制备了含有抗原表位的杂合噬菌体。利用纯化的表位抗原免疫小鼠，用间接ELISA方法采用双波长（450/630nm)动态检测抗体。结果表明，噬菌体-表位抗原刺激小鼠产生了抗体。抗体的含量随时间不断增加，到4周进达到高峰。小鼠脾淋巴细胞转化实验表明噬菌体-表位抗原产生了明显的淋巴细胞增殖反应，为研制肿瘤疫苗奠定了基础。     

γ-羟基膦酸酯诱导梭曼水解单链抗体酶

新型半抗原３－羟基－１－对硝基苯基甲磷酸单频哪基酸酯（Ｐ_６），与血蓝蛋白结合后（Ｐ_６－ＬＰＨ）免疫小鼠，从小鼠脾细胞出发构建单链抗体ｃＤＮＡ文库和噬菌体表面呈现文库．用固相化抗原 Ｐ_６－ＢＳＡ对噬菌体抗体库进行了 ４轮淘选，从中筛选到１１株对梭曼水解有催化作用的单链抗体.对其中一株（ＥＰ_６）进行可溶性抗体的制备，经凝胶过滤和离子交换层析纯化后，ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ为 ３１ｋｕ的单一条带．酶动力学常数测定其对梭曼水解的催化常数为ｋ_（ｃａｔ）＝１９８ｍｉｎ~(－１)，Ｋ_ｃａｔ／Ｋ_ｕｎｃａｔ＝１２２ ４１９．单链抗体酶ＥＰ６_０．１６ｍｇ·ｍＬ~(－１)与梭曼 ０． １３２ ｍｍｏｌ· Ｌ~（－１）在 ２０℃共温１ｈ后给小鼠背部皮下注射相当于１． １个致死剂量的梭曼， １９只小鼠全部存活，而对照组 １４只小鼠 ３０ ｍｉｎ内全部死亡．小鼠体内抗毒实验显示惊厥潜伏期及死亡时间延长．     

汉坦病毒嵌合基因G2S0.7与CTL多表位重组腺病毒的构建及免疫学分析

目的:构建含有汉坦病毒M基因(编码糖蛋白G2)和部分S基因(编码核蛋白主要抗原区段)以及S基因的多个CTL表位的多种蕈组腺病毒表达载体,并对这些重组腺病毒的免疫学特性进行研究.方法:构建含目的基因的重组腺病毒载体,并在VeroE6细胞中进行表达,利用纯化后的重组腺病毒免疫BALB/c小鼠,通过ELISA、微量细胞中和试验、T淋巴细胞增殖实验及CTL杀伤实验等方法检测免疫反应.结果:成功表达出可被抗汉滩病毒核蛋白及糖蛋白G2的特异性单克隆抗体(mAb)所识别的融合蛋白;重组的腺病毒可以有效诱导针对汉坦病毒NP及GP的体液免疫应答和细胞免疫应答;同时我们发现含有CTL表位的重组腺病毒比不含CTL表位的重组腺病毒可以诱导小鼠产生更为有效的细胞免疫反应.结论:构建的含CTL多表位的重组腺病毒可以有效的提高嵌合基因刺激细胞免疫应答的能力.     

人肺癌单克隆抗体及体内癌灶的放射免疫定位

采用两种不同的免疫方案,分别取免疫的小鼠脾细胞进行融合,经筛选,分别得ALT-01,02,03和ALT-04,05,06,07,共7个不同的肺癌单克隆抗体。检测了它们与不同的体外培养的人肿瘤和正常的组织细胞系、人血细胞、人骨髓细胞、临床人肺癌组织标本、正常人的各组织器官的反应。ALT-01,04的选择性最好,与肺癌细胞有强阳性反应,而与人正常细胞、正常组织器官没有或仅与某些正常上皮细胞呈弱(±)反应。其中ALT-01与人肺癌组织及LTEP-78在无胸腺小鼠体内形成的肿瘤组织的反应均呈阴性;而ALT-04与30例临床标本中的25例呈阳性反应(83％),其中7例腺癌全部强阳性反应。核素~(125)I标记后的ALT-04在荷瘤小鼠体内浓集于癌灶部位,放射免疫定位获得清晰图像(r-成像)。     

铝纳米粉末活化树突状细胞的作用

采用电爆炸法制备金属铝纳米粉末(ALEX),验证了其免疫增强效应及肿瘤预防效果.首先,利用铝金属丝电爆炸法,并应用羧基端基聚合物配体反应的方法合成了分散性良好的ALEX.利用静电物理吸附将抗原卵清蛋白(OVA)、抗原多肽(Peptide)接枝于ALEX表面,傅里叶变换红外光谱检测证明抗原与ALEX成功覆合.其次,验证了ALEX增强特异性免疫反应的效果.通过体外实验证明, ALEX可提高树突状细胞(DCs)的抗原提呈效果;同时,对免疫后小鼠血清抗体进行了定量检测,结果表明ALEX可显著提高小鼠体内抗原特异性抗体的水平.最后,利用小鼠黑色素瘤模型,验证了含有ALEX的肿瘤疫苗能够有效预防肿瘤的发生.     

三种不同分化阶段的B细胞与特异性杂交瘤形成率之间的关系

本文比较了大剂量可溶性抗原连续加强免疫过程中同窝、同性别Balb/c小鼠脾细胞内抗原特异性B细胞(sIg~ ,不分泌Ig)、前浆细胞(sIg~ ,分泌Ig)和浆细胞(sIg~-,分泌Ig)数的动态变化与阳性杂交瘤形成率间的关系。结果表明:杂交瘤特异性效率的高低始终与脾细胞中的抗原特异性B细胞数的多少相平行,而与抗体分泌细胞数不平行。由此作者认为:是受抗原刺激后处于增殖过程的淋巴细胞而不是抗体分泌细胞(包括前浆细胞及浆细胞)与骨髓瘤细胞融合,形成具有分泌抗体功能的杂交瘤细胞。     

四(4-三甲胺苯)卟啉与其抗体相互作用的紫外可见和圆二色谱研究

四(4-三甲胺苯)卟啉与单抗体3B6结合后，有显的增色效应，反映了卟啉与抗体是刚性紧密结合的，抗体的抗原结合部位有芳香族氨基酸存在，并且产生巨大的诱导效应．用紫外(UV)可见和圆二色谱(CD)分析四(4-三甲胺苯)卟啉同抗体的结合，表明(四(4-三甲胺苯)卟啉与单抗体，既有1：1结合又有2：1结合．     

巯基苯类为标记分子免疫检测的FT-SERS光谱研究

以对巯基苯甲酸、苯硫酚为标记分子,与金纳米粒子生成具有SERS信号的标记金溶胶．在一定条件下,标记金溶胶与抗体羊抗小鼠IgG形成SERS标记免疫金溶胶．用组装金纳米粒子的玻璃表面吸附抗体,通过对相应抗原小鼠IgG的识别,形成固相抗体/抗原对,再将SERS标记免疫金溶胶组装到固相抗体/抗原对上,形成“固相抗体-待测抗原-标记抗体(即标记免疫金溶胶)”夹心复合物,进而通过拉曼标记分子的SERS信号进行免疫检测．     

农用混合稀土对小鼠某些免疫功能的影响

报道了农用混合稀土对ＬＡＣＡ小鼠某些免疫功能的影响，用液相单层溶血空斑法来测定腹腔一次染毒混合稀土第５天，小鼠脾脏抗体生成细胞（ＰＦＣ）的变化，发现在０．１ｍｇ／１０ｇ体重剂量组，混合稀土对１ｇＭＰＦＣ的产生有明显的刺激作用（Ｐ＜０．００１）；０．５ｍｇ／１０ｇ体重剂量还引起了脾脏和胸腺重量的下降，为ＭＴＴ颜色显示法观察了腹腔染毒１０天Ｔ淋巴细胞增殖能力的变化。发现在０．１、０．５和１．０ｍｇ／１     

中药黄芪有效成份的研究 Ⅰ.多糖体的分离、性质及其生理活性

从内蒙黄芪(Astragalus mongholicus Bunge)根的水提液中分得三种多糖:黄芪多糖Ⅰ,Ⅱ及Ⅲ。经玻璃纤维纸电泳及Sephadex G-150凝胶过滤表明为均一体。黄芪多糖Ⅰ是杂多糖,由D-葡萄糖、D-半乳糖和L-阿拉伯糖组成。其克分子比为1.75:1.63:1此外还含痕迹量的五碳糖,经已知分子量的标准葡聚糖在Sephadex G-75凝胶层析所标定的曲线上求得其平均分子量约为36300,比旋度为正,[α]_D~(30.5)+101.5(H _2O)。黄芪多糖Ⅱ及Ⅲ均为D-葡聚糖,其平均分子量分别约为12300和34600,比旋度亦为正,分别为[α]_D~(30.5)+170.8(H_2O)和[α]_D~(26)+177.6(H_2O)。黄芪多糖Ⅱ及Ⅲ经过碘酸氧化及Smith降解结果,除了产生大量的赤藓醇外,还产生丙三醇,这个结果表明两者的组成除含少量α-(1→6)-D-葡萄糖缩合键外。主要是α-(1→4)-D-葡萄糖的缩合键。 APS是水提取液中所分得的均一多糖部位,主要由黄芪多糖Ⅰ及Ⅱ组成,在小鼠上具有广泛的各种负疫作用,能增加小鼠脾脏的重量及细胞数,增加小鼠脾脏对绵羊红细胞的免疫应答反应和促进腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬功能。若将黄芪多糖Ⅰ及Ⅱ分别试验,初步结果表明多糖Ⅰ能增加脾脏重量及细胞数。但抑制脾细胞对绵羊红细胞的免疫应答反应;多糖Ⅱ作用与多糖Ⅰ相似,但较弱;而多糖Ⅲ则没有作用。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.