大孔吸附树脂法柚皮果胶脱色工艺研究

比较了AB-8、S-8、X-5、聚酰胺、NKA-Ⅱ、NPD-600等6种大孔吸附树脂对柚皮果胶的脱色效果.在静态吸附试验研究的基础上,筛选出效果较好的树脂进行动态试验研究.实验表明:AB-8型大孔吸附树脂对柚皮果胶提取液具有较好的吸附脱色效果和较低的果胶损失率,该树脂对柚皮果胶脱色的适宜工艺参数为:室温(约20℃),流速3BV/h,溶液处理量为5BV,上柱液pH值为4～6.此工艺对果胶提取液中色素的吸附率约80%.树脂吸附后可用70%乙醇进行洗涤再生,果胶提取液脱色后经喷雾干燥所得的果胶成品质量符合QB2484-2000标准.     

葡萄酒糟色素的提取及稳定性研究

用树脂吸附、膜分离方法处理葡萄酒糟色素提取液.并将色素提取液对热、光和长时间放置的稳定性进行了评价.     

树脂吸附法豆腐柴叶果胶提取液脱色的研究(II) 动态法脱色的适宜条件

考察了6种不同树脂对豆腐柴果胶提取液的脱色作用.详细地研究了吸附工艺条件对树脂脱色能力的影响.试验结果表明,在pH为2.0和温度为25℃下,以0.34BV/min流速进行吸附时,D3520树脂对豆腐柴果胶提取液具有良好的脱色效果;并对树脂再生的条件进行了较详细的研究.     

超滤-吸附法制备高纯度L-辛弗林的优化工艺

以枳实提物液为原料,探讨了膜过滤和吸附树脂分离杂质,制备纯化L-辛弗林的新方法并获得纯度高达90%的冻干粉。先用不同截留分子量的超滤膜对枳实提取液进行超滤分级分离,脱除分子量差异大的杂质,再用筛选出的大孔吸附树脂吸附分离超滤透过液中的色素,确定其优化工艺条件,然后用反渗透浓缩及冷冻干燥,获得高纯度L-辛弗林冻干粉。超滤分级富集枳实粗提液中的L-辛弗林的优化条件为:以截留分子量为30kDa和5kDa的超滤膜顺序进行分级分离L-辛弗林浓度为4.5mg/mL的枳实提取液,压力为0.20MPa,获得的枳实超滤液中L-辛弗林透过率达89.7%,多糖、蛋白质和色素截留率分别为95.2%、93.8%和75.7%;D3520大孔吸附树脂脱除超滤透过液中色素的优化工艺条件为:上柱液L-辛弗林浓度为3mg/mL,上柱流速为1BV/h,上柱体积为3BV,获得的脱色液中色素仅残留3.82%,L-辛弗林损失率仅为6.54%;该脱色液经反渗透浓缩及冷冻干燥,制备出L-辛弗林冻干粉,其纯度为89.61%,总收率为77.34%。通过系列超滤膜顺序分级分离枳实提取液中分子量差异大的杂质及采用D3520大孔吸附树脂脱除色素的集成创新方法,制备出高纯度的L-辛弗林,丰富了天然产物分离纯化领域的应用理论和实证,并对分离枳实中L-辛弗林提供指导和参考。     

葡萄色素的提取及稳定性研究

用树脂吸附、膜分离方法处理葡萄酒糟色素提取液 并将色素提取液对热、光和长时间放置的稳定性进行了评价     

川芎多糖脱色方法比较

比较了活性炭、H2O2和大孔吸附树脂对川芎多糖提取液的脱色效果。选用极性大孔树脂S-8在工作液流速为2BV/h,川芎浓度为0.33g/mL时,脱色率为92.7%,多糖保留率为93.0%,表明S-8适合用于川芎多糖提取液脱色。     

蚕砂总生物碱提取物的脱色研究

通过动态吸附实验,考察了D296R(-Cl型)、D296R(-OH型)、D2040、X-5、D380(-Cl型)和D380(-OH型)6种树脂对蚕砂提取液的脱色作用,筛选出分离效果较好的树脂并确定了其分离条件,在此基础上使用正交设计法对它进行树脂再生条件的探究。通过对比这6种树脂对色素及活性物质的分离效果,发现D296-R(-Cl型)大孔阴离子交换树脂脱色效果最为理想,以95%乙醇溶液稀释的蚕砂提取液,经该树脂上样分离后,用3BV70%的乙醇溶液洗脱,所得洗脱液吸光度0.1,活性成分保留较多。正交设计法得出该树脂的适宜再生条件:乙醇浓度为80%,流速为3BV/h,NaOH溶液浓度为3%。     

吸附树脂分离纯化桑叶中1-脱氧野尻霉素的研究

通过亚临界水法提取桑叶中的1-脱氧野尻霉素(1-deoxynojirimycin)(DNJ)。比较AB-8树脂与732树脂以及这两种树脂联用对桑叶提取液中DNJ的纯化效果。结果表明,在洗脱剂为60%乙醇溶液、样品液pH值为7、吸附时间6h、解吸时间2h、动态吸附与解吸速度均为2BV/h的条件下,AB-8树脂的平衡吸附率为37.2%,解吸率为84.8%,所得DNJ含量为2.37mg/g,较原提取液提高2.9倍。在洗脱剂为0.5mol/L氨水溶液、样品液pH值为4、吸附时间8h、解吸时间4h、动态吸附与解吸速度均为2BV/h的条件下,732型阳离子树脂的平衡吸附率为31.3%,解吸率为78.1%,所得DNJ含量为3.134mg/g,较原提取液提高3.8倍。联合使用两种树脂,所得DNJ含量为9.48mg/g,较原提取液提高11.5倍。     

大孔吸附树脂分离纯化金银花中黄酮类物质的研究

比较了AB-8、S-8、NKA-9和D-101 4种大孔吸附树脂对金银花提取液中黄酮类物质的吸附及解吸附性能.在静态吸附试验基础上,筛选出效果较好的D-101树脂进行动态试验研究,结果表明,D-101树脂在30℃下对金银花黄酮类物质的静态吸附-动态解吸较优的工艺参数为:上样液pH值2.46,解吸液为95%乙醇,解吸液的流速为3mL/min,pH值11,4.5BV解吸液即可完全洗脱被树脂吸附的黄酮类物质,其解吸率高达98.00%.在试验研究范围内,树脂吸附金银花黄酮是自发性放热过程,并且符合Langmuir方程,此外树脂对黄酮的吸附动力学可用Pseudo-second-order模型较好地拟合,其表观吸附速率常数为Kso℃=3.43×10-2g/(mg·min).     

大孔树脂分离提取人参茎叶中的人参皂甙

选择了10种大孔吸附树脂,比较其对人参茎叶提取液中人参皂甙的吸附量和解析率,筛选了较优的人参皂甙吸附剂,并对其吸附动力学曲线和动态解析曲线进行了探究。实验结果表明,人参茎叶提取液经LX-R2树脂吸附,用浓度70%的乙醇洗脱,人参皂甙解吸率达92%以上,纯度达85%以上。静态的、动态的吸附、解吸实验表明大孔树脂LX-R2为分离人参皂甙较为理想的吸附材料。     

8—羟基喹啉树脂的制备及应用研究进展

本文总结了国内外关于8－羟基喹啉螯合树脂的制备方法,树脂性能及其应用。     

Recent development on bio-based thermosetting resins

Due to the rapid depletion of crude oil and serious environmental pollution, the synthesis of polymers from renewable resource is becoming more and more important. Up to now, a great variety of biomass and bio-based platform compounds have been taken to prepare the polymers. However, as two representative thermosetting resins, epoxy and benzoxazine resin derived from renewable feedstocks only obtain limited attention compared with the popular bio-based plastics, including PLA, PBAT and PHBV etc. The reason might be that the properties of previously reported thermosetting resins directly obtained from biomass are usually unsatisfied, and their application fields are limited. In this paper, the latest development on the synthesis of high-performance bio-based epoxy and polybenzoxazine resins are reviewed. In addition, to further broaden their applications, the functionalization strategies are also summarized. The objective of this work is to help us fully aware the present situation of bio-based thermosetting resins and then promote their faster development, especially practical application.     

Polyacrolein-isonicotinic acid hydrazone and polyacrylic acid-thiohydrazide resins-synthesis and sorption properties for precious and base metals

This investigation carries on previous studies on polyacrolein-styrene resins. Further attempts were made to convert the reactive aldehyde groups of the polymeric support to functional acrolein-isonicotinic acid hydrazone (P-NHZ) or acrylic acid-thiohydrazide derivatives (P-THZD). The conditions of synthesis and the basic sorption and desorption properties of the polymers synthesized are described. For gold and platinum group metals the resins show differences in loading capacities, rates of simultaneous sorption in static conditions and efficiencies in column tests. The elution by thiourea solution was utilized to separate Au, Pd and Pt from an excess of base metals. The P-NHZ resin seems to be more advantageous than the sulfur containing P-THZD resin.     

苯氧树脂增韧双酚A环氧树脂的研究

以双官能团环氧树脂和双酚Ａ为单体，制备高分子量苯氧树脂，通过ＦＴＩＲ对其分子结构进行分析后，将１０ｗｔ％苯氧树脂加入到Ｅ－４４环氧树脂中，用ＤＳＣ冲击仪和ＳＥＭ等对增韧效果的分析测定，固化反应活化能降低９％，冲击强度提高６３．２％，玻璃化温度提高了２８℃。     

磺化三聚氰胺甲醛树脂与金属钙离子的复合物对水泥的作用

研究了磺化三聚氰胺甲醛树脂（SMF）与金属钙离子的复合物SMF-Ca^2 对水泥的作用,从对水泥吸附、水化等研究结果表明,SMF和Ca^2 间存在着一定的化学作用。在水泥砂浆中加入SMF-Ca^2 复合物比加入纯的SMF树脂能使减水率、抗压强度、抗折强度获得更大的提高。     

硅炔杂化树脂改性有机硅树脂及其复合材料的性能

用一种硅炔杂化树脂聚（甲基硅烷-二乙炔基苯）（PSP）改性有机硅树脂（HS）,通过FT—IR和TGA研究了树脂体系的固化反应及耐热性,并对制备的复合材料进行力学性能、耐热性能和介电性能研究。结果表明：当HS与PSP的质量比为5：5时综合性能最优,树脂体系在氮气氛围下质量损失5％时的温度（T幽）为691℃,1000℃时质量保留率为88％;HS—PSP树脂短切玻纤复合材料冲击强度为21kJ／m^2,弯曲强度为65MPa,200℃时的弯曲强度高温保留率为78％,介电常数为4．6,介电损耗因数为7．9×10,体积电阻为6．7×10^13Ω。改性后的复合材料具有优异的力学、耐热和介电性能。     

Studies on the synthesis and curing of epoxidized novolac vinyl ester resin from renewable resource material

Cardanol-based epoxidized novolac vinyl ester resin (CNEVER) was synthesized by reacting cardanol-based epoxidized novolac (CNE) resin and methacrylic acid (MA) (CNE:MA molar ratio 1:0.9) in presence of triphenylphosphine as catalyst at 90 °C. The CNE resin was prepared by the reaction of cardanol-based novolac-type phenolic (CFN) resin and epichlorohydrin, in basic medium, at 120 °C. The CFN resin was synthesized by reacting cardanol (C) and formaldehyde (F) (C/F ratio = 1:0.7) with p-toluene sulphonic acid (PTSA) as catalyst (0.5 wt.%) at 120 °C for 7 h. The resin products were analyzed by Fourier-transform infra-red (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic analysis. The number-average molecular weight of the prepared CNEVER was found to be 859 gmol⁻¹ as determined by gel permeation chromatographic (GPC) analysis. The resin was cured by using the mixture of resin, benzoyl peroxide, and styrene at 120 °C. The CNEVER resin was found to be cured in 60 min at 120 °C. Differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) technique was used to investigate the curing behaviour. Single step mass loss in dynamic thermogravimetric (TG) trace of CNEVER was observed. Thermal stability of the vinyl ester sample containing 40 wt.% styrene was the highest amongst all other prepared systems.     

不同温度处理的糠醇和聚苯胺树脂碳化产物结构基因变化的红外光谱研究

红外光谱测试结果表明糖醇树脂碳化过程中五员杂环上的碳氧键首先发生断裂,使氧脱出,而剩余的双烯链状结构再进行重排,形成六员稠环结构,并在此基础上发生脱氢反应生成石墨微晶。测试结果还表明聚苯胺树脂中的氮在碳化过程中的稳定性与其相连结的基团结构有密切关系。苯环相连的氮比与苯酚基相连的氮具有更强的抗热解稳定性。聚苯胺碳化产物中的氢主要分为两大类：一类是以碳氢键的形式存在;另一类则是以氮氢键的形式存在。碳化产物中的氢主要是在苯的稠环结构上以碳氢键形式存在。     

Preparation of Polystyrene-supported N-phenyl-N-acyl Sulfonamide Resin and its Application in Solution-phase Synthesis of Amides

Polystyrene-supported N-phenyl-N-acyl sulfonamide resin was prepared by reacting polystyrene sulfonyl chloride resin with aniline and acylating in pyridine with either acid chlorides or anhydrides. Then, this resin was utilized as a new type of acyl transfer reagent to synthesize the amide library. It was approved to be a more effective acyl transfer reagent with higher amide yields than the polystyrene-supported N-methyl-N-acyl sulfonamide resin and N-benzyl-N-acyl sulfonamide resin. When the phenyl group bonded to the N atom on N-phenyl-N-acyl sulfonamide resin was substituted by the electron withdrawing group or electron donating group, a decreasing amide yield was obtained. N-phenyl-N-acyl sulfonamide resin could be regenerated many times.     

耐高温端乙炔基聚醚酰亚胺改性含硅芳炔树脂

采用预共聚法,以含硅芳炔树脂(PSA)和端乙炔基聚醚酰亚胺(PEI)为原料,制备了端乙炔基聚醚酰亚胺改性的含硅芳炔(PEI-PSA)树脂及其与T300碳纤维平纹布的复合材料T300/PEI-PSA。通过动态热机械分析(DMA)和X射线能谱仪(EDS)研究了溶剂、溶液浓度、反应温度对预共聚反应的影响,确定了预共聚反应的最佳条件,得到了均匀分散的PEI-PSA树脂。通过红外光谱(FT-IR)、核磁共振氢谱(1 H-NMR)、差示扫描量热(DSC)、热失重(TG)、DMA和EDS等表征了PEI、PEI-PSA树脂及T300/PEI-PSA复合材料的结构和性能。结果表明,当PEI质量分数为20%时,PEI-PSA树脂浇铸体的弯曲强度达44.5 MPa,较PSA树脂浇铸体提高了90.2%;T300/PEI-PSA复合材料的弯曲强度达602.7 MPa,较T300/PSA复合材料的弯曲强度提高了124%。