银-邻菲罗啉-酸性三苯甲烷染料体系共振瑞利散射法测定痕量银

在磷酸盐缓冲介质中,PVA-124存在下,当银与邻菲罗啉(phen)形成配阳离子,并进一步分别与溴酚蓝(BPB)、溴甲酚绿(BCG)和溴甲酚紫(BCP)3种酸性三苯甲烷染料(TPMD)反应形成离子缔合物时,共振瑞利散射(RRS)强度急剧增强并产生相应的散射光谱。研究了离子缔合物的共振散射光谱特性以及适宜的反应条件。Ag+质量浓度在9.6×10-3~0.60μg/mL(BPB体系)、4.5×10-3~1.00μg/mL(BCG体系)和2.4×10-3~0.40μg/mL(BCP体系)范围内与RRS增强程度呈良好的线性关系。方法具有较高的灵敏度,不同染料体系的检出限在0.72~1.60 ng/mL。方法用于环境样品中痕量银的测定,结果满意。     

一阶导数差示脉冲极谱法分析土霉素及其制剂

土霉素在水溶液中于—1.536 V(vs Ag/AgCl)处有一良好的一阶导数差示脉冲极谱峰,其峰幅值与土霉素在10～60μg/mL浓度范围内呈线性关系,检测限为6.9×10~(-7)mol/L。本方法简便、快速、灵敏,结果准确。     

超痕量HRP的邻苯二胺微粒瑞利散射光谱分析新方法及其应用

在pH 4.8 的乙酸盐缓冲溶液中, 邻苯二胺(OPD)形成粒径约380 nm的微粒, 在392, 420, 445, 484和507 nm处有5个较强的Rayleigh散射峰. 辣根过氧化酶(HRP)催化H2O2氧化邻苯二胺生成黄色的2,3-二氨基吩嗪产物, 反应体系在420, 445和484 nm处的Rayleigh散射光信号显著减弱. 在最佳条件下, HRP浓度在8.3×10-12～4.17×10-10 g/mL范围内均与445和484 nm处的Rayleigh散射强度的降低值呈线性关系, 其回归方程、相关系数、检出限(3σ)分别为ΔI445 nm=2.23c+11, ΔI484 nm=1.47c+4.8; 0.9982, 0.9919; 3.6×10-12 g/mL HRP和5.4×10-12 g/mL HRP. 该法用于辣根过氧化酶(HRP)的测定, 结果满意.     

十四烷基苄基氯化铵共振散射光谱法测定亚氯酸根

在乙酸钠-盐酸缓冲溶液中,亚氯酸根能氧化I-为I2,过量的I-与I2形成I3-,阳离子表面活性剂(CS)十四烷基二苄基氯化铵(TDMBA)、溴代十四烷基吡啶(TPB)、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTMAB)、四丁基碘化铵(TBAI)等分别能与I3-形成缔合物微粒,且均在467 nm处产生共振散射效应。ClO2-浓度分别在0.00948~0.664μg/mL、0.0170~1.706μg/mL、0.0474~0.855μg/mL和0.0237~1.138μg/mL范围内与TDMBA、TPB、CTMAB及TBAI缔合微粒体系的共振强度成线性关系。据此建立了测定ClO2-的分析方法。各体系的检出限分别为0.00610μg/mL、0.00819μg/mL、0.0378μg/mL和0.00949μg/mL。其中TDMBA体系最稳定,且灵敏度也较高,用于水中ClO2-的测定,结果满意。     

乙二胺四乙酸二钠/碳糊修饰电极测定银离子

报道EDTA/碳糊修饰电极的制备及对银离子的测定。该电极在硝酸介质中 - 0 .6 0V(vs .Ag/AgCl)电位下富集Ag+ ,在 +0 .0 8V处得到一个灵敏的阳极溶出峰 ,峰电流与Ag+ 浓度在 1.0× 10 -9～ 1.0× 10 -6mol/L范围呈良好线性关系 ,检出限为 6 .8× 10 -10 mol/L。     

共振散射光谱分析法测定环境水样中痕量汞

在pH 9.5的NH3-NH4C l缓冲溶液中,汞(Ⅱ)与双硫腙可形成能稳定存在的螯合物微粒,显示出共振散射效应。该微粒体系的最强共振散射峰在560 nm处,汞(Ⅱ)的质量浓度在0.028~6.140μg/mL范围内,共振散射与△I之间存在良好的线性关系,回归方程为△I=76.786ρ+2.7,相关系数为0.999 8,检出限0.012μg/mL Hg。利用共振散射测量水样中微量汞(Ⅱ),方法简单、灵敏度高、结果满意。     

催化动力学光度法测定微量银

依据在H2SO4介质中,Ag+对(NH4)2S2O8氧化Mn2+的强烈催化作用,建立了测量微量Ag+的新动力学光度法。方法的线性范围为0.05~2.0μg/mL,检出限为1.5×10-5mg/mL,表观摩尔吸光系数为7.1×104L.moL-1.cm-1。测定了反应的动力学参数。用本法测定了矿样和废水样中的银。     

流动注射-化学发光法测定半胱氨酸

在酸性条件下,半胱氨酸对Ru(phen)32+-Ce(Ⅳ)反应体系化学发光有显著的增强作用,据此建立了流动注射-化学发光法检测半胱氨酸的新体系。对影响流动注射化学发光的各因素进行了实验研究,优化了反应条件和各项测定参数。结果表明,在优化条件下,半胱氨酸在1.0×10-8~8.0×10-7g/mL的范围内发光强度与其质量浓度呈良好的线性关系,检出限(3σ)为3.7×10-9g/mL,对质量浓度为2.0×10-7g/mL的半胱氨酸进行11次平行测定,相对标准偏差(RSD)为3.3%。对合成样品中半胱氨酸测定的回收率在98%~102%之间,采样频率为90次/h。并对其可能的反应机理进行了探讨。     

铜(Ⅱ)-黄原酸配合物微粒体系的光谱研究及其在废水分析中的应用

采用分光光度法和共振散射光谱法研究了Cu(Ⅱ)-黄原酸配合物微粒体系。该配合物微粒体系在410nm处有一吸收峰,其吸光度与黄原酸浓度在1.0～40×10-5mol/L范围成良好线性关系,检出限(3σ)为0.5×10-5mol/L。据此建立了一个测定废水中黄原酸含量的分光光度法.该法灵敏、简便、快速、准确、重复性好,平均回收率为98%～100%,相对标准偏差RSD为0.9%～1.9%.共振散射光谱研究结果表明,该体系存在Cu(Ⅱ)-黄原酸配合物微粒,该微粒在360nm处存在共振散射效应.     

缝式石英管捕集技术的改进

试验了各种条件对Ag、Au、Cu、Pb和Zn灵敏度影响.结果表明,分别用不同火焰条件进行原子捕集与释放可获得最佳灵敏度。捕集1min,测得Ag、Au、Cu、Pb和Zn的特征浓度分别为8.1×10、1.7×10~(-3)、1.8×10~(-3)、2.4×10~(-3)和1.3×10~(-4)μg/ml,比常规火焰原子吸收光谱法的灵敏度分别提高62、106、28、83和77倍。Ag、Au、Cu、Pb和Zn的相对标准偏差依次为2.8％、3.1％、2.6％、2.7％、5.4％。本法测定了牡蛎中Ag和Cu。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.