稀土化合物催化丁醛Aldol-Tishchenko反应的研究

1　实　验已有一些用稀土化合物催化Ｔｉｓｈｃｈｅｎｋｏ和Ａｌ ｄｏｘ Ｔｉｓｈｃｈｅｎｋｏ反应的报道[1～ 4 ] ,本文所用的催化剂对空气和水汽都很敏感 ,所有操作均须用Ｓｃｈｌｅｎｋ技术在氩气保护下进行。溶剂四氢呋喃(ＴＨＦ)和甲苯经无水ＣａＣｌ2 干燥 ,使用前经二苯甲酮 钠回流至蓝紫色蒸出。丁醛经 0 .4ｎｍ分子筛干燥后 ,在氩气保护下蒸出。稀土离子含量用ＥＤＴＡ络合滴定法测定。产物的收率在岛津公司生产的ＧＣ 14Ｂ型气相色谱仪上测定。1.1　催化剂的合成　　 (ＭｅＣｐ) 3 Ｌｎ由无水ＬｎＣｌ3与ＭｅＣｐＮａ按 1∶3摩尔…     

2,5-二(2-氨基乙氧甲基)噻吩合成及抑菌活性

噻吩烷基胺及其衍生物对疟疾、麻风、真菌、病毒和某些肿瘤均有较强的药理活性[1～ 2 ] ,因此合成和开发这类新物质具有重要的意义。以前 ,由 2 噻吩甲醛合成的噻吩类衍生物药物较多[3] ,但对噻吩双取代衍生物的合成研究还未引起重视。因此 ,为了探索这类化合物的性质和抑菌效果。我们合成了未见文献报道的 2 ,5 二 ( 2 氨基乙氧甲基 )噻吩 ,通过多种测试手段 ,确定了它的组成结构 ,其合成路线如下 :1　实验部分1 1　仪器与试剂Ｎｉｃｏｌｅｔ1 70Ｓ红外光谱仪 (ＫＢｒ压片 ) ,ＰＥ 2 4 0Ｃ型元素分析仪 ,ＥＭ 360 60ＭＨｚ核磁共振仪。…     

植物生长调节剂调吡脲的合成及其副产物的分离和结构鉴定

调吡脲 (Ｆｏｒｃｈｌｏｒｆｅｎｕｒｏｎ ,Ａ) ,代号ＫＴ 30 ,化学名Ｎ ( 2 氯 4 吡啶基 ) Ｎ 苯基脲 ,是一种新型植物生长调节剂 ,具有非常高的细胞激动活性 ,有促进细胞生长、分化作用 ,可以防止植物老化 ,促进苗条形成及果实肥大。对水果果实和烟草叶片等都有促进肥大作用[1 ,2 ] ;对土豆、棉花和甘蔗等农作物也有增产作用。我们参照有关文献[3] 合成了调吡脲 (Ａ)。合成路线如图 1所示。图 1　调吡脲的合成路线Ｆｉｇ .1　Ｓｙｎｔｈｅｔｉｃｒｏｕｔｅｏｆｆｏｒｃｈｌｏｒｆｅｎｕｒｏｎ　　合成中 ,吡啶用双氧水进行Ｎ 氧化 ,再…     

《化学通报》网络版(Chemistry Online)2002年第7期论文摘要

[Ｗ 0 49]ω ,ω′ 端羟基脂肪族聚碳酸酯的合成、性质和应用ＳｙｎｔｈｅｓｉｓＰｒｏｐｅｒｔｙａｎｄＡｐｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎｏｆω ,ω′ Ｈｙｄｒｏｘｙｌ ｅｎｄｅｄＡｌｉｐｈａｔｉｃＰｏｌｙｃａｒｂｏｎａｔｅＰｏｌｙｏｌｓ刘保华1,2 　陈立班2 (1中国科学院化学研究所　北京　 1 0 0 0 80 ;　2 中国科学院广州化学研究所　广州　 5 1 0 65 0 )综述了ω ,ω′ 端羟基脂肪族聚碳酸酯的合成、性质和应用的研究进展 ,并对其发展进行了展望。ω ,ω′ Ｈｙｄｒｏｘｙｌ ｅｎｄｅｄａｌｉｐｈａｔｉｃｐｏｌｙｃａｒｂｏｎａｔｅｐｏ…     

酞菁铜衍生物与聚电解质的自组装

用原子力显微镜研究了阿利新蓝(Alcian Blue)和聚电解质自组装膜的表面形貌结构以探讨染料小分子的静电自组装途径。并通过将氯甲基酞菁小分子挂接在高分子链上，制备了一种高分子染料，然后和聚电解质组装成一种高分子复合物。     

含吡啶环拟除虫菊酯的合成及其杀虫杀螨活性

在新农药的创制中 ,吡啶作为苯环的生物等排体常被用作分子设计的有效基团 [1,2 ] ,近年来若干含有吡啶环的高效农药如吡虫啉 (Imidacloprid) [3 ] 、盖草能 (Haloxyfop) [4 ] 、啶氧菌酯 (Picoxystrobin) [5]等已被开发应用 .为合成筛选高生物活性化合物 ,我们在前期研究[6 ,7] 的基础上 ,将吡啶环引入拟除虫菊酯的酸部分 ,合成了与戊菊酯 (S- 5 4 3 9) [8] 和氰戊菊酯 (Fenvalerate) [8] 结构相近的新化合物 (5 ,6 ) ,并分离得到化合物 6的两对对映异构体 (α-和β-体 ) .生物活性测试表明 ,这些新化合物具有较高的杀虫或杀螨活性 .目标…     

Co(En)3MoO4晶体的水热合成与表征

杂多酸的水热法合成的深入发展已引起了化学家的广泛关注[1～3].80年代已来,用水热合成方法得到了具有层状[4]、网状[5]、孔道状[6,7]和笼状[8,9]等多种新结构和新组成的杂多酸化合物,并应用于合成药物和研究催化剂等[10,11]工作中.科学家们已深入地了解了钒的氧簇化合物[12～15],但有关钼的氧簇化合物的研究还较少.杨国昱等[16]利用水热法合成了具有孔道结构的Ni(En)3MoO4纳米管.本文在此[16]基础上,利用水热法合成了具有网状结构的Co(En)3MoO4单晶.X射线分析结果表明,该晶体属六方晶系,P3C1空间群,晶体中阴阳离子通过静电吸引作用相互结合,形成一种有机-无机复合材料.     

新型化合物[Ni(en)2V6O14]n的水热合成与晶体结构

金属 -氧簇合物在催化吸附、医药临床、能量存储和材料科学等方面的应用越来越受到关注 [1～ 3 ] .钒 -氧簇合物的结构新颖 ,在材料领域中具有广泛的应用前景 .采用水热合成技术 ,以简单的无机、有机起始原料在相对低温下制备金属 -氧簇合物晶体是近年来刚刚兴起的研究工作 [4 ] ,并且已经合成出一维链状化合物 Cu(prn) 2 V2 O6[5]、层状结构 Ni(C10 H8N2 ) 2 V3 O8.5[6]及三维网状结构 (H2 en Me)[Ni(en) 2 V12 O2 8][7] .我们采用水热技术合成了由 { V V 2 O7} n 单元层与桥配体 [Ni(en) 2 ]2 +构建的三维无机 -有机化合物 [Ni(en…     

水玻璃为原料在开放体系中快速合成介孔材料MCM-41

自从 M41 S系列硅基介孔分子筛被人工合成以来[1,2 ] ,有关分子筛的合成、性能、形成机理、结构和应用等方面的研究报道不断出现[3～ 5] .目前 ,由有机 -无机离子经分子水平的自组装结合而产生介孔材料的合成机理主要归结于在合成过程中表面活性剂的模板效应 ,如液晶模板机理[1,2 ] 、棒状自组装模型[6 ] 、电荷匹配机理[7] 、层状折皱模型[8] 和使用非离子表面活性剂合成介孔材料等效应[9] .本文以水玻璃作为硅源 ,以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵 (CTAB)阳离子表面活性剂为模板剂 ,在温和条件下 ,采用开放体系合成出具有 MCM-4 1结构特点的介…     

草酰胺功能化的荧光阴离子骨架及其对亚甲基蓝的选择性吸附（英文）

由于对人类和环境的严重威胁,染料的吸附已经引起研究工作者的广泛关注。本论文中利用四齿配体5,5'-[oxalylbis(azanediyl)]diisophthalic acid(H_4L)成功地合成出了草酰胺功能化的阴离子骨架材料{[(CH_3)_2NH_2]_2(CdL)}·x(Solvent)(1)。单晶X射线衍射分析表明化合物1具有二重穿插的三维骨架,(3,3,4)-连接的新拓扑网络结构和{8~3}_2{8~6}的点(施莱夫利)符号。更有趣的是,它不仅对亚甲基蓝呈现出选择性的吸附行为,而且在可见光区具有荧光发光性质。     

Weak epitaxy growth and phase behavior of planar phthalocyanines on p-sexiphenyl monolayer film

We systematically investigated the weak epitaxy growth (WEG) behavior of a series of planar phthalocyanine compounds (MPc), i.e., metal-free phthalocyanine (H2Pc), nickel phthalocyanine (NiPc), copper phthalocyanine (CuPc), zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc), iron phthalocyanine (FePc), cobalt phthalocyanine (CoPc), grown on a p-sexiphenyl ( p-6P) monolayer film by selected area electron diffraction (SAED) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Two types of epitaxial relations, named as incommensurate epitaxy and commensurate epitaxy, were identified between phthalocyanine compounds and the substrate of the p-6P film. The tiny variation of the lattice constant of phthalocyanine compounds can result in different crystal orientations. The change rule of incommensurate and commensurate epitaxy was extracted. The tendency of commensurate epitaxy becomes weaker as the lattice constant b increases, while it gets stronger as the substrate temperature is elevated. Large size and continuous H2Pc films can be obtained by controlling the growth conditions. The WEG method is generally applicable in the whole family of planar phthalocyanine compounds and may be used to fabricate other high-quality organic films.     

双核钴锰酞菁对SOCl2还原反应的电催化性能

为了确定双核金属酞菁化合物对亚硫酰氯还原反应是否具有比单核金属酞菁更强的电催化性能, 通过循环伏安测试方法, 用酞菁钴和酞菁铁作为对比, 研究了双核钴锰酞菁在1.5 mol·L-1 LiAlCl4/SOCl2电解液中的电催化行为, 并计算出动力学参数, 由此来评估具有平面结构的双核金属酞菁化合物对亚硫酰氯还原的催化活性的影响. 通过比较循环伏安曲线发现, 与单核酞菁钴(II)和酞菁铁(II)相比, 双核钴锰酞菁对SOCl2还原反应具有更好的催化活性, 能提高SOCl2还原反应的交换速率常数和SOCl2在玻碳电极上的扩散系数, 从而提高SOCl2还原电位和电流.通过ER14250型实体电池10 mA放电性能测试验证表明, 与单核酞菁钴和酞菁铁催化剂的电池相比, 双核钴锰酞菁在低温(-30 ℃)下可提高放电中点电压0.3 V, 在常温(25 ℃)下可以提高放电容量约100 mAh, 催化效果比单核酞菁钴和酞菁铁显著.     

[α-n-C_5H_(11)O]_4PcPd染料的溴化对性能的影响

合成了一种新的α位四戊氧基取代的钯酞菁 ,以其为原料作了不同程度的溴化反应并得到了一系列的酞菁染料溴化物 .实验证明 ,溴化后的酞菁染料最大吸收波长红移 ,摩尔消光系数降低 ,热稳定性也有所降低 ,热失重曲线发生了很大变化     

The Influence of the Synthesis Temperature on Cobalt Phthalocyanine Encapsulation in Zeolite Y

Several characterization techniques were applied to study the effect of the synthesis temperature on the physicochemical properties of cobalt phthalocyanine incoporated into zeolite Y. The cobalt phthalocyanine was synthesized in the supercages of zeolite Y by the template synthesis method at two different temperatures of 200 and300 °C and characterized by diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, Fourier transform infraredspectroscopy, pore volume analysis, unit cell dimension calculation, UV-vis spectroscopy,thermogravimetric analysis and X-ray diffraction. The results show that the catalyst synthesizedat 200 °C contains 11 wt.% cobalt phthalocyanine and almost all of thiscomplex is encapsulated in the supercages as monomeric species. At higher temperature aconsiderable amount of the cobalt phthalocyanine is hosted in the mesopores and/or on theexternal surface of the zeolite as aggregates. The migration of one part of the cobalt cationsfrom the supercages to the small cages at 300 °C decreases the formation of thenon-aggregated encapsulated phthalocyanine molecules in the zeolite supercages. Theaggregated cobalt phthalocyanine formed at the surface corresponds to the -polymorph stateof the phthalocyanine.     

Unusual mesomorphic behaviour of an ethynyl-substituted phthalocyanine

An ethynyl-substituted nickel(II) phthalocyanine has been synthesised and its thermotropic properties studied; optical microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques revealed an unusual mesomorphic behaviour observed for the first time in phthalocyanine systems where each disk of the hexagonal columnar mesophase is formed by two ethynyl-substituted phthalocyanine units.     

Comparison of the photophysics of an aggregating and non-aggregating aluminium phthalocyanine system incorporated into unilamellar vesicles

The hydrophobic sensitizer, aluminium phthalocyanine chloride (AIPcCI), and the amphiphilic sensitizer, cis-disulphonated aluminium phthalocyanine (cis-AIPcS₂), were incorporated into small unilamellar vesicles (SUVs) and large unilamellar vesicles (LUVs). AIPcCI exhibits aggregation, which increases with increasing sensitizer concentration, whereas cis-AlPcS₂ is monomeric at all concentrations studied. Complex fluorescence decays are observed, showing decay time distributions which broaden with increasing phthalocyanine concentration. The phthalocyanine aggregate, although non-fluorescent, influences the overall photophysical behaviour of the phthalocyanine-vesicle system. The effect of aggregation on the resulting photophysics of phthalocyanines was investigated by comparing aggregated and non-aggregated phthalocyanine systems. The implications for photodynamic therapy (PDT) are briefly discussed.     

Study of the white-rot fungal degradation of selected phthalocyanine dyes by capillary electrophoresis and liquid chromatography

The phthalocyanine dyes, Remazol Turquoise Blue G133, Everzol Turquoise Blue and Heligon Blue S4 are found to be biosorbed by Phanerochaete chrysosporium (white-rot fungi) and also metabolised by its ligninolytic extracellular enzymes resulting in dye decolourisation, formation of free copper ions and organic metabolites with ultimate extensive phthalocyanine ring breakdown. It is believed that the ligninolytic extracellular enzyme laccase is involved in the early production of a metabolite M₈ which involves break-up of the conjugated phthalocyanine ring structure but which retains multi-negative charge. Another ligninolytic extracellular enzyme, manganese peroxidase, is believed to be involved in the release of Cu²⁺ from the phthalocyanine structure to give a non-copper-containing phthalocyanine metabolite M₁ with a slightly longer migration time than the parent dye and absorption at 666 nm. The phthalocyanine ring structure is also broken up by metabolic processes that involve desulphonation and oxidation to give phthalimide (M₃) and an unidentified electroactive metabolite M₂. Other minor, unidentified metabolites are observed using capillary electrophoresis and liquid chromatography.     

Multi-electron transfer in composite phthalocyanine thin films: structure and electrochromic properties

Both sequentially deposited double-layered and codeposited composite thin films were prepared by using two kinds of phthalocyanines. The structure and the electrochromic property of these thin films were compared with those of simple phthalocyanine films. The structures of the films were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffrction (XRD) and electron spin resonance (ESR) spectra. From the viewpoint of morphology and crystallinity, codeposited thin films have the same structure as the simple one, having sharp peaks at ca. 2θ=7.0° in the XRD pattern and narrow crystal grains in SEM photographs. ESR measurements have revealed that phthalocyanine molecules disperse very well in the codeposited thin films in a molecular level in comparison with the physical mixture of phthalocyanine powders. This high dispersibility of the molecules in the codeposited thin films can play a role to improve the reversibility in the electrochromism. Thus, the reversibility of the phthalocyanine, which shows irreversible electrochromism in the simple film form, can be improved by the codeposition with another phthalocyanine with reversible electrochromism. In contrast, sequentially deposted double-layered thin film gives completely different results. The electrochromism of the double-layered film depends on the property of the simple phthalocyanine thin film which is in contact with the substrate.     

酞菁化合物光敏化氧化-还原反应的研究——Ⅲ.在胶束体系中光敏化还原甲基紫精的研究

本文报道我们合成的几种锌酞菁衍生物在胶束体系中,在电子给体EDTA的存在下,光敏化还原甲基紫精(MV²⁺)的研究.结果表明,锌酞菁及其衍生物在阳离子表面活性剂的胶束体系中,其敏化效果比在中性或阴离子表面活性剂的胶束体系中更为有效.结构不同的锌酞菁衍生物的敏化效果亦有显著的差异,其中锌酞菁磺酰丁胺敏化效果最好,锌酞菁羧酸次之.用它们作敏化剂时,MV²⁺形成的量子产率一般高达0.4—0.7,比没有取代基的锌酞菁的敏化效果高.     

Copper phthalocyanine films deposited by liquid-liquid interface recrystallization technique (LLIRCT)

The simple recrystallization process is innovatively used to obtain the nanoparticles of copper phthalocyanine by a simple method. Liquid-liquid interface recrystallization technique (LLIRCT) has been employed successfully to produce small sized copper phthalocyanine nanoparticles with diameter between 3-5 nm. The TEM-SAED studies revealed the formation of 3-5 nm sized with beta-phase dominated mixture of alpha and beta copper phthalocyanine nanoparticles. The XRD, SEM, and the UV-vis studies were further carried out to confirm the formation of copper phthalocyanine thin films. The cyclic voltametry (CV) studies conclude that redox reaction is totally reversible one electron transfer process. The process is attributed to Cu(II)/Cu(I) redox reaction.