由异烟酰腙构建的多孔状Zn（Ⅱ）配位聚合物{[Zn（L）2（H2O）2]·4H2O}n 的合成及其晶体结构

以邻甲酰基苯磺酸钠和异烟肼为原料在乙醇/水溶液中制备了一种酰腙类Schiff碱配体（NaL）,采用常规溶液挥发法合成了由该配体构筑的Zn（(Ⅱ)配位聚合物{[Zn（L）₂（H₂O）₂]·4H₂O}_n。利用元素分析、IR、TGA和X-射线单晶衍射分析对配合物进行了表征。配合物晶体属三斜晶系,P1空间群,晶胞参数a=0.78698（4）nm,b=0.86926（5）nm,c=1.18044（7）nm,α=103.353（5）°,β=100.965（4）°,γ=93.123（4）°,Z=1,V=0.76724（7）nm³,D_c=1.697g·cm^-3。每个Zn(Ⅱ)离子被2个配体L^-阴离子双重桥联形成二核环状结构单元,并通过共用锌离子形成一维链配位聚合物,链与链之间通过氢键扩展为具有一维开放孔道的三维超分子网络结构。     

La（Ⅲ）、Nd（Ⅲ）与甜菜碱类衍生物形成的包含（H2O）6分子簇的配合物的晶体结构

利用配体1,5-二（3-羧基吡啶基）-N-甲基二乙胺（L）合成2种稀土金属配合物{[La₂L₄（H₂O）₂]（ClO₄）₆·6H₂O}_n（1）和[Nd₂L₄（DMF）₆（H₂O）₂]₂（ClO₄）₆·4H₂O（2）。用红外光谱和X-射线单晶衍射表征配合物的晶体结构。结构分析表明：配合物1属于三斜晶系,P1空间群,其晶胞参数为a=1.4966（3）nm,b=1.5597（4）nm,c=1.9568（4）nm,α=86.776（6）°,β=77.723（7）°,γ=87.168（7）°,Z=2。在配合物1中,一对La（Ⅲ）原子被2个羧基桥联,形成双核结构;双核结构进一步被羧基连接,从而形成平行于c轴的一维链。值得注意的是配合物1的晶体结构中包含着由氢键连接的6个H₂O分子组成的水分子簇。配合物2属于三斜晶系,P1空间群,晶胞参数为a=1.0408（4）nm,b=1.3541（5）nm,c=2.975（1）nm,α=94.390（8）°,β=91.720（7）°,γ=95.230（4）°,Z=2。配合物2中4个羧基连接一对Nd（Ⅲ）原子,形成四轮状结构,其中2个羧基采取syn-syn双原子桥联模式,而其余2个羧基则采取单原子桥联模式。     

二聚体配合物[(n-Bu)2Sn(C10H8N2O3)(C2H5OH)]2的合成和晶体结构

The novel seven-coordinate complex [(n-Bu)₂Sn(C₁₀H₈N₂O₃)(C₂H₅OH)]₂ (C₁₀H₈N₂O₃^2- is the dinegative ion of 2-oxo-propionic acid benzoyl hydrazone) was synthesized by the reaction of (n-Bu)₂SnO with 2-oxo-propionic acid benzoyl hydrazone in 1∶1 molar ratio in benzene-ethanol (V/V, 3/1), and its structure was characterized by X-ray single crystal diffraction. The crystal belongs to a tetragonal system with space group I4₁/a, a=2.4890(2)nm, b=2.4890(2)nm, c=1.5170(3)nm, V=9.398(2)nm³, Z=8, F(000)=3968, D_c=1.366g·cm^-3, and the structure was refined to final R₁=0.0530, wR₂=0.0971. The structure of the title complex is described as a dimer through weak interactions of Sn…O bonding and hydrogen bond. The tin atoms rendered sev-en-coordination in a distorted pentagonal bipyramid geometry structure, four oxygen atoms [O1, O2, O2^#1 and O4] and one nitrogen atom N2 formed the equatorial plane and C11-Sn1-C15 is the axis. CCDC: 212696.     

两个具stp三维拓扑构型的稀土配位聚合物{[Ln2（pda）3（H2O）2]2H2O}n（Ln=Nd/La）

本文利用水热合成方法,将稀土氧化物与邻苯二乙酸（H₂pda）反应得到了2个新颖的稀土配位聚合物{[Ln₂（pda）₃（H₂O）₂]·2H₂O}_n（Ln=Nd（1）,La（2））。测定了它们的晶体结构,并进行了X-射线单晶衍射、红外光谱、荧光光谱和热重分析等性质的表征。晶体结构测定表明这2个化合物为异质同晶化合物。属单斜晶系,C2/c空间群。晶体学参数分别为配合物1：a=2.62906（18）nm,b=1.61172（11）nm,c=0.78327（5）nm,β=93.173（5）°,V=3.3139（4）nm³,Z=4,F（000）=1840,μ=3.173mm^-1,D_c=1.878g·cm^-3,R₁=0.0226,wR₂=0.0609;配合物2：a=2.6271（14）nm,b=1.6149（8）nm,c=0.7966（4）nm,β=92.850（9）,V=3.375（3）nm³,Z=4,F（000）=1816,μ=2.570mm^-1,D_c=1.823g·cm^-3,R₁=0.0466,wR₂=0.1416。化合物中邻苯二乙酸配体连接相邻的稀土金属离子,形成复杂的具有stp拓朴构型的三维网络结构。     

碳酸盐共沉淀法可控制备超高倍率锂离子电池正极材料LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2

采用碳酸盐共沉淀法通过调节NH₃·H₂O用量来实现可控制备超高倍率纳米结构LiNi_1/3Co_1/3Mn_1/3O₂正极材料。NH₃·H₂O用量会对颗粒的形貌、粒径、晶体结构以及材料电化学性能产生较大的影响。X射线衍射（XRD）分析和扫描电镜（SEM）结果表明,随着NH₃·H₂O用量的降低,一次颗粒形貌由纳米片状逐渐过渡到纳米球状,且n_NH3·H2O：（n_Ni+n_Co+n_Mn）=1：2样品晶体层状结构最完善、Li⁺/Ni²⁺阳离子混排程度最低。电化学性能测试结果也证实了n_NH3·H2O：（n_Ni+n_Co+n_Mn）=1：2样品具有最优异的循环稳定性和超高倍率性能。具体而言,在2.7~4.3 V,1C下循环300次后的放电比容量为119 mAh·g^-1,容量保持率为81%,中值电压基本无衰减（保持率为97%）。在100C（18 Ah·g^-1）的超高倍率下,放电比容量还能达到56 mAh·g^-1,具有应用于高功率型锂离子电池的前景。此NH₃·H₂O比例值对于共沉淀法制备其他高倍率、高容量的正/负极氧化物材料具有一定的工艺参考价值。     

两个Gd2配合物的晶体结构及磁制冷性质

使用多齿席夫碱配体（H₂L=pyridine-2-carboxylic acid （3,5-di-tert-butyl-2-hydroxy-benzylidene）-hydrazide）分别与Gd （dbm）₃·2H₂O （Hdbm=二苯甲酰基甲烷）及Gd （NO）₃·6H₂O反应,通过溶剂热法得到了2个新的Gd₂配合物[Gd₂（L）₂（dbm）₂（C₂H₅OH）₂]（1）和[Gd₂（L）₂（HL）₂（DMF）]·2CH₃CN （2）（DMF=N,N-二甲基甲酰胺）,并对其结构与磁性质进行了系统的研究。单晶结构分析表明配合物1中的每个中心Gd(Ⅲ)离子均为8配位,其配位几何构型为略微变形的三角十二面体,相邻的中心Gd(Ⅲ)离子通过2个μ₂-O连接形成了平行四边形的Gd₂O₂核心;配合物2中的每个中心Gd(Ⅲ)离子均为9配位,其配位几何构型为扭曲的球形单帽四方反棱柱,相邻的中心Gd(Ⅲ)离子通过3个μ₂-O连接形成了三角双锥形的Gd₂O₃核心。磁性测试表明配合物1和2具有磁制冷性质,其最大磁熵变（-ΔS_m）分别为20.16 J·K^-1·kg^-1（T=2.0 K,ΔH=70 kOe）和17.14 J·K^-1·kg^-1（T=2.0 K,ΔH=70 kOe）。     

有机-无机复合物[H2(PW12O40){Zn(C10H8N2)2(H2O)}]·1.5[Zn(C10H8N2)3]·1.75H2O的合成、结构及性能

An organic-inorganic hybrid complex, [H₂(PW₁₂O₄₀){Zn(C₁₀H₈N₂)₂(H₂O)}]·1.5[Zn(C₁₀H₈N₂)₃]·1.75H₂O has been synthesized hydrothermally and structurally characterized by X-ray crystallography. The crystal belongs to monoclinic, space grounp C2/c, with a=4.709 4(2) nm, b=1.431 77(7) nm, c=2.621 07(1) nm, β=90.125(4)°, V=17.673 4(2) nm³, Z=8, D_c=3.087 Mg·m^-3, F(000)=14 884, μ(Mo Kα)=16.327 mm^-1. The structure was refined to R₁=0.068 7 and wR₂=0.158 0 for 20 128 observed reflections with I>2σ(I). Single crystal structure shows that the title compound is constructed from [PW₁₂O₄₀]^3- cluster anion and [Zn(C₁₀H₈N₂)₂(H₂O)]²⁺ metal-organic complex cation, in which metal Zn(Ⅱ) cation are coordinately bonded to the terminal oxygen of Keggin polyanions. The title compound exhibits good catalytic activity for oxidation of benzaldehyde to benzoic acid. CCDC: 624772.     

一种新颖有机-无机杂化配位聚合物[(C10H16N)2（Pb2I6）·2DMF·H2O]n的自组装合成和晶体结构(英)

A novel coordination polymer [(C₁₀H₁₆N)₂（Pb₂I₆）·2DMF·H₂O]_n (C₁₀H₁₆N=N-butyl-2-Methy-Pyridinium) was synthesized by the reaction of Pb(NO₃)₂ with C₆H₁₀NI at room temperature in DMF solvent and structurally characterized by means of X-ray single diffraction. The title compound crystallizes in triclinic system, space group P1 with a=1.1237(2) nm, b=1.25330(16) nm, c=0.808 00(12) nm, α=102.523(4)°, β=92.475(5)°, γ=95.712(10)°, V=1.102 9(3) nm³, Z=1, D_c=2.470 Mg·m^-3, F(000)=738, chemical formula C₂₆H₄₈N₄O₃Pb₂I₆ and M_r=1 640.46, μ（MoKα）=11.849 mm^-1, the final R=0.057 8 and wR=0.166 5 for 3716 observed reflections with I > 2σ(I). The title compound consists of cations ([(C₁₀H₁₆N)⁺] and anion chain(PbI₃^-),they are combined by static attracting forces in the crystal. DMF and H₂O locate between the organic and inorganic moiety. CCDC: 210812.     

双核Ni(II)配合物[C17H20N4Ni(H2O)Cl]2Cl2•(CH3OH)的晶体结构及其模板合成新配体

采用“一锅煮”方法, 在金属Ni(II)离子作用下, 以2-乙酰吡啶和1,2-丙二胺物质的量比为2∶1进行反应, 得到了一种新的闭环单Schiff碱N₄四齿配体的配合物[C₁₇H₂₀N₄Ni(H₂O)Cl]₂Cl₂•(CH₃OH). 配合物的晶体结构测定表明, 其配位单元为N桥连的双核配合物, 配位单元间再通过氢键连接成一维链状结构.     

原位脱羧制备的配合物(HP2W18O62)(C6H6NO2)5·2H2O: 结构、光谱及电化学性能

采用水热法将钨酸钠和浓磷酸与有机配体吡啶-2, 6-二羧酸通过原位脱羧制得配合物(HP₂W₁₈O₆₂)(C₆H₆NO₂)₅·2H₂O (1), 并用红外光谱、紫外光谱、循环伏安(CV)和X射线单晶衍射等方法进行了表征。分子中的2-吡啶甲酸来源于吡啶-2, 6-二羧酸 的脱羧反应。化合物1属于单斜晶系, 空间群P2₁/n, 晶胞参数分别为:a=1.553 3(2) nm, b=2.006 3(3) nm, c=2.759 9(4) nm, β=103.981(2)°, Z=4, F(000)=8 816。分子间氢键和2-吡啶甲酸与杂多化合物间的弱相互作用使该化合物具有3D超分子结构。CV结果表明, 化合物1有四步氧化还原反应。     

Intermolecular forces for D2, N2, O2, F2 and CO2

The intermolecular potentials for D₂, N₂, O₂, F₂ and CO₂ are determined on the basis of the second virial coeffincients, the polarizabilities parallel and perpendicular to the molecular axes, and the electric quadrupole moment. The repulsive parts of the potentials are taken from the corresponding Kihara core-potentials. Effects of the octopolar induction are taken into consideration in a unique way. The potential depends on relative orientations of the two molecules as well as the distance r between the molecular centers. This dependence is shown in graphs. A measure of the anisotropy of the potential depth is 0.72 for CO₂ 0.36 for D₂, and smaller than 0.27 for N₂ O₂ and F₂. The remarkable anisotropy for CO₂ and D₂ is due to strong electrostatic quadrupole interactions.     

Zur Trennung von H2, O2, N2, NO, CO, N2O, CO2, C2H6, C2H4, C2H2, NO2(N2O4) und Feuchtigkeit

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Ionization gauge sensitivities of N2, O2, N2O, NO, NO2, NH3, CClF3 and CH3OH

A Bayard-Alpert (BA) gauge was used to determine apparent relative sensitivites S_rel,X for O₂, N₂O, NO, NO₂, NH₃, CClF₃ and CH₃OH from gauge calibration measurements in the range 1.3×10^–1 Pap1.3·10^–3Pa. Nitrogen was used as a calibration standard.     

Spuren von Fremdgasen (H2, N2, O2, CO2) in Chlor

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Vapour-liquid equilibrium data for the systems C2H6 + N2, C2H4 + N2, C3H8 + N2, and C3H6 + N2

High pressure vapour-liquid equilibrium data for the C₂H₆ + N₂, C₂H₄ + N₂, C₃H₈ + N₂, and C₃H₆ + N₂ systems are presented. The data are obtained isothermally in the range from 200 K to 290 K. For each point of data, temperature, pressure and liquid and vapour phase mole fractions are measured.Values for the vapour phase mole fractions are calculated from the obtained pressure, temperature and liquid phase mole fractions. The calculated values are compared with the experimental results, and it is found that the average mean deviation between calculated and experimental mole fractions is less than 0.009 for the systems considered in this work.     

The geometry, vibrational frequencies, thermochemistry, quadrupole moments and electronic structure of C2Na2: Comparison with C2Li2, C2H2, C2F2 and C2Cl2

The electronic structure of Na₂C₂ is studied using ab initio electronic structure methods and is compared to the companion molecule Li₂C₂. Both the linear D_∞h and planar structures are minima on the ground state potential surface with the planar D_2h conformation being the lowest energy form, similar to Li₂C₂. At the CCSD(t) level the planar form is more stable that the linear by 11.2 kcal/mol as compared with 7.34 kcal/mol for Li₂C₂. Both molecules are significantly ionic. The vibrational frequencies, atomization energy at 0 K, D₀, and the standard enthalpy of formation, are calculated and compared to those of Li₂C₂ as well as HCCH, FCCF and ClCCCl. We find D₀ and to be 331.1 and 84.92 kcal/mol for Li₂C₂ and 298.3 and 93.25 kcal/mol for Na₂C₂. We calibrate these by calculating the same quantities for HCCH, FCCF and ClCCCl.     

Conversion of NO in NO/N2, NO/O2/N2, NO/C2H4/N2 and NO/C2H4/O2/N2 Systems by Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasmas

An experimental study on the conversion of NO in the NO/N₂, NO/O₂/N₂, NO/C₂H₄/N₂ and NO/C₂H₄/O₂/N₂ systems has been carried out using dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasmas at atmospheric pressure. In the NO/N₂ system, NO decomposition to N₂ and O₂ is the dominating reaction; NO conversion to NO₂ is less significant. O₂ produced from NO decomposition was detected by an on-line mass spectrometer. With the increase of NO initial concentration, the concentration of O₂ produced decreases at 298 K, but slightly increases at 523 K. In the NO/O₂/N₂ system, NO is mainly oxidized to NO₂, but NO conversion becomes very low at 523 K and over 1.6% of O₂. In the NO/C₂H₄/N₂ system, NO is reduced to N₂ with about the same NO conversion as that in the NO/N₂ system but without NO₂ formation. In the NO/C₂H₄/O₂/N₂ system, the oxidation of NO to NO₂ is dramatically promoted. At 523 K, with the increase of the energy density, NO conversion increases rapidly first, and then almost stabilizes at 93–91% of NO conversion with 61–55% of NO₂ selectivity in the energy density range of 317–550 J L⁻¹. It finally decreases gradually at high energy density. A negligible amount of N₂O is formed in the above four systems. Of the four systems studied, NO conversion and NO₂ selectivity of the NO/C₂H₄/O₂/N₂ system are the highest, and NO/O₂/C₂H₄/N₂ system has the lowest electrical energy consumption per NO molecule converted.     

Lithium intercalation into PbNb2S5, PbNbS3, SnNb2Se5, BiVS3, SnVSe3, and PbNb2Se5 misfit layer chalcogenides

The intercalation of lithium into various misfit layer chalcogenides of two different stoichiometries was performed by using n-butyl lithium on powders. The reaction was found to proceed topochemically, and a greater expansion in the c direction and higher lithium contents were observed in the lithiated phases with “MM′₂X₅” approximate stoichiometries compared to “MM′X₃” stoichiometries. This behaviour difference is assigned to the different stacking sequence of the slices of the two sublattices formed by double layers of MX and sandwiches of M′X₂. Lattice distortions are induced during lithiation, leading to changes in the relative orientation of MS-type bilayers and to complete amorphization after long reaction times. The synthesis and partial characterization of a new misfit layer selenide of nominal composition “PbNb₂Se₅” is also reported. The value of the c-dimension (c = 37.3₇ Å) suggests a stacking sequence PbSe---NbSe₂---NbSe₂---PbSe---NbSe₂---NbSe₂, etc. This material becomes highly unstable on lithium intercalation and decomposes to its constituents after a few hours of lithiation.     

High temperature crystal structures and superionic properties of SrCl2, SrBr2, BaCl2 and BaBr2

The structural properties of the binary alkaline-earth halides SrCl₂, SrBr₂, BaCl₂ and BaBr₂ have been investigated from ambient temperature up to close to their melting points, using the neutron powder diffraction technique. Fluorite-structured SrCl₂ undergoes a gradual transition to a superionic phase at 900–1100 K, characterised by an increasing concentration of anion Frenkel defects. At a temperature of 920(3) K, the tetragonal phase of SrBr₂ undergoes a first-order transition to a cubic fluorite phase. This high temperature phase shows the presence of extensive disorder within the anion sublattice, which differs from that found in superionic SrCl₂. BaCl₂ and BaBr₂ both adopt the cotunnite crystal structure under ambient conditions. BaCl₂ undergoes a first-order structural transition at 917(5) K to a disordered fluorite-structured phase. The relationship between the (disordered) crystal structures and the ionic conductivity behaviour is discussed and the influence of the size of the mobile anion on the superionic behaviour is explored.