白音华褐煤可溶有机质的组成和结构特征

依次采用石油醚、环己烷、二硫化碳、丙酮、甲醇和等体积的丙酮/二硫化碳混合溶剂对白音华褐煤(BL)进行分级萃取得到萃取物(E_1-E_6),利用甲醇、甲苯和等体积的甲醇/甲苯混合溶剂对萃取残渣进行连续热溶得到热溶物(SP_1-SP_3)。利用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、气相色谱质谱(GC/MS)和实时直接分析-质谱(DART-MS)对萃取物和热溶物的组成和结构特征进行了分析。BL总的萃取物产率和热溶物产率分别为9.37%和21.84%。E_5和E_6的FT-IR谱图中有较强的羟基吸收峰,而E_1的FT-IR谱图中脂肪C-H的伸缩振动峰强度明显高于其他萃取物;三种溶剂热溶物的FT-IR谱图相似,但SP_1和SP_3的FT-IR谱图中羟基吸收峰较强。E_1和E_5中GC/MS可检测化合物分别以烷烃和芳烃为主,E_5中还含有较多的含氧化合物;三种热溶物中化合物均以烷烃和芳烃为主,SP_3中酚类、酮类和酯类等含氧化合物的含量较高。DART-MS可检测出萃取物和热溶物中GC/MS无法检测出的较强极性和难挥发化合物;热溶物中含量较高的化合物的碳数和等价双键数(Double bond equivalent,DBE)分别集中分布在10-25和2-16,并且DBE随碳数增加而增加。     

神木半焦粉末萃取物的组成特征

依次用石油醚、CS₂、CH₂Cl₂、丙酮和甲醇在索氏萃取器中萃取了神木半焦粉末,得到了五级萃取物(E_1-5)和最终的萃余物,总萃取率为1.76%。分别用气相色谱/质谱联用仪(GC/MS)、大气压固体探针/飞行时间质谱仪(ASAP/TOF-MS)和电喷雾电离/飞行时间质谱仪(ESI/TOF-MS)分析了各级萃取物。用GC/MS分析的结果表明,在E₁中C_15-24的直链烷烃和E₂中3与4环的芳烃比较丰富,在E_3-5中含杂原子有机化合物较丰富,特别是E₄和E₅中含氧有机化合物的含量最高。与用GC/MS分析的结果相比,用ASAP/TOF-MS和ESI/TOF-MS从E_3-5中检测出更多的含杂原子有机化合物。     

Enantioselective total synthesis of a natural iridoid

The first total synthesis of 6-hydroxy-7-(hydroxymethyl)-4-methylenehexahydrocyclopenta[c]pyran-1(3H)-one has been accomplished. A key feature of the synthesis includes facile construction of the bicyclic lactone intermediate via intramolecular Pd(0)-catalyzed allylic alkylation and the efficient transformation of this intermediate into the iridoid skeleton employing silicon tethered radical cyclization.     

五元体系LiCl-NaCl-KCl-MgCl2-H2O 25℃时溶度研究和等温蒸发实验

本文首次给出了五元体系LiCl-NaCl-KCl-MgCl₂-H₂O 25℃时的溶度图。讨论了氯化锂对体系中其它盐类的盐析作用。还报道了几个合成卤水在静态条件下的等温蒸发结果。研究表明所得平衡相图可作为此类盐卤析盐顺序的理论依据。     

A convenient route to (+)-(9,11)-epithia-(11,12)-methano-thromboxane A2, from prostaglandin E2, methyl ester

(+)-(9,11)-Epithia-(11,12)-methano-thromboxane A₂ which is of great importance in thromboxane research, has been synthesized from prostaglandin E₂ methyl ester.     

亚胺连接的多孔共价有机骨架材料结合固相萃取-液相色谱-串联质谱检测蜂蜜中雌激素

以亚胺连接的多孔共价有机骨架材料(IL-COF-1)作为固相萃取的吸附剂,建立了液相色谱-串联质谱快速检测蜂蜜样品中痕量雌激素的方法。该研究选择雌二醇、己烯雌酚、雌三醇、β-雌二醇和炔雌醇5种雌激素作为目标分析物。在蜂蜜样品中添加雌激素,采用单因素优化法对影响萃取效果的重要因素进行优化,获得最佳条件:IL-COF-1用量为30 mg,样品流速为3 mL/min,样品溶液pH值为7,以5 mL的1%(v/v)氨水-甲醇溶液进行洗脱,流速为0.4 mL/min,萃取过程中不添加NaCl。采用高效液相色谱-三重四极杆质谱联用技术对提取物中的雌激素进行定量分析。以乙腈和5 mmol/L的乙酸铵溶液作为流动相进行梯度洗脱,经C18色谱柱分离,采用电喷雾离子源、质谱多反应监测和负离子扫描模式,实现了蜂蜜样品中5种雌激素的快速定性定量分析。在最佳条件下,方法验证结果中雌三醇、β-雌二醇和炔雌醇的线性范围为1~500 ng/g,雌二醇和己烯雌酚的线性范围为0.1~100 ng/g,相关系数(r)为0.9934~0.9972。检出限(S/N=3)为0.01~0.30 ng/g,定量限(S/N=10)为0.05~0.95 ng/g。添加50 ng/g 5种雌激素进行重复性实验,日内精密度相对标准偏差(RSD)为3.2%~6.6%,日间精密度RSD为4.2%~7.9%。基于IL-COF-1的固相萃取-液相色谱-串联质谱法具有快速准确、灵敏度高等特点,适用于蜂蜜中雌激素的分析和检测。将该方法应用于4个实际蜂蜜样品中雌激素的检测,均未检出目标物;在低中高3个水平下,5种雌激素的加标回收率为80.1%~115.2%,结果令人满意。     

Thermodynamic equilibration in Pd(0)-catalyzed interconversion of highly constrained [2.1.2] bicyclic lactones: its mechanistic investigation

Mechanistic study on the stereoselective construction of [2.1.2] bicyclic lactone skeleton via Pd(0)-catalyzed intramolecular allylic alkylation was described. The observed excellent stereoselectivity is likely due to Pd(0)-catalyzed equilibration of highly strained [2.1.2] bicyclic lactone framework via π-σ-π isomerization of π-allylpalladium complex. An efficient synthetic route to allylic carbonate as a requisite cyclization precursor has also been developed by employing a sequence of ring-closing metathesis, followed by epoxidation/desilylation of the resulting substituted oxasilepene intermediate.     

四氮杂-18-冠-6的锌/铜(Ⅱ)配合物的合成与结构

合成了1,10-二氧-4,7,13,16-四氮杂-18-C-6(以下用L代表)的硝酸锌和硝酸铜(Ⅱ)配合物.配合物Cu(L)(NO3)₂晶体属正交晶系,Pbca空间群,晶胞参数如下:a=1.5744(6)nm,b=1.2676(4)nm,c=1.8983(6)nm,V=3.789(2)nm³,Z=8,最终偏离因子R₁=0.0431,wR₂=0.0904.配合物Zn(L)(NO₃)₂晶体属正交晶系,Pnna空间群,晶胞参数a=1.61356(10)nm,b=1.32871(11)nm,c=0.86260(5)nm,V=1.8494(2)nm³,Z=4,最终偏离因子R₁=0.0718,wR₂=0.1950.冠醚环上的4个氮原子和2个氧原子都参与了配位,NO₃^-未参与配位,中心金属离子的配位数为6.红外光谱、¹H NMR和EPR谱等研究佐证了上述测定结果.Cu(L)(NO₃)₂循环伏安实验表明该配合物在-1.0～0V电压范围内,只发生Cu(Ⅱ)→Cu(Ⅰ)的还原反应,而在-1.6～0V电压范围内,发生Cu(Ⅰ)→Cu(0)的反应.     

Enantioselective syntheses of tremulenediol A and tremulenolide A

[reaction: see text] An enantioselective entry to the skeleton of the tremulane sesquiterpenes is described. The approach features a series of efficient transition metal-catalyzed reactions commencing with an enantioselective rhodium(II)-catalyzed intramolecular cyclopropanation followed by a regioselective allylic alkylation and a diastereoselective rhodium(I)-catalyzed [5 + 2] cycloaddition. This strategy was applied to the first enantioselective syntheses of tremulenediol A and tremulenolide A.     

Enantioselective syntheses of tremulenediol A and tremulenolide A

A concise entry to the skeleton of the tremulane sesquiterpenes is described that culminated in the first enantioselective syntheses of tremulenediol A and tremulenolide A. The approach features a series of efficient transition metal-catalyzed reactions commencing with an enantioselective rhodium(II)-catalyzed intramolecular cyclopropanation followed by a regioselective allylic alkylation and a diastereoselective rhodium(I)-catalyzed [5+2] cycloaddition.     

混合碱处理制备微介孔催化剂及其噻吩烷基化催化性能

以SiO_2/Al2O3物质的量比为50的H-ZSM-5分子筛为母体,分别采用Na_2CO_3溶液处理后加入TPAOH溶液进行二次晶化法以及Na_2CO_3/TPAOH混合溶液同时处理法,制备了微孔-介孔多级孔HZSM-5催化剂,对其噻吩烷基化反应催化性能进行了研究。结果表明,采用4 mol/L的Na_2CO_3溶液处理后的催化剂在TPAOH溶液中发生了二次晶化;当TPAOH溶液浓度为0.3 mol/L、晶化温度为170℃、晶化时间为24 h时,得到的HZ(CO_2-3-TPA+,0.3-24-170)催化剂具有适宜的孔径和酸性,其噻吩烷基化转化率最高(99.1%)。而Na_2CO_3/TPAOH同时处理HZSM-5分子筛所得的催化剂,由于生成大量SiO_2堵塞了孔道,覆盖了催化剂表面,降低了催化剂的平均孔径和酸性,不适合噻吩烷基化反应。     

Copper catalyzed asymmetric synthesis of chiral allylic esters

The complex derived from Taniaphos ligand 4 and CuBr*Me2S catalyzes the asymmetric addition of Grignard reagents to 3-bromopropenyl esters 1 to provide allylic esters 2 in high yields and high chemio-, regio-, and enantioselectivities. The work demonstrates that allylic asymmetric alkylation (AAA) can be done on substrates bearing a heteroatom at the gamma-position. The method is a practical route to chiral, nonracemic allylic alcohols. The use of functionalized substrates 1 or Grignard reagents leads to more complex products 2, which can be further manipulated as demonstrated in conversion to (S)-5-ethyl-2(5H)-furanone 6 and (S)-benzoic acid-cyclopent-2-enyl ester 7.     

Group 6 carbene complexes derived from lithiated azoles and the crystal structure of a molybdenum thiazolinylidene complex

Fischer-type (alkoxy)azolyl carbene complexes and Öfele–Lappert-type azolylinylidene complexes were synthesised by reaction of 1-phenylpyrazol-3-yllithium, 4-methylthiazol-2-yllithium, benzothiazol-2-yllithium, 1-methylimidazol-2-yllithium with M(CO)₅L (L=CO, THF or Cl⁻; M=Cr, Mo or W) and subsequent alkylation with CF₃SO₃CH₃. The alkylation of Fischer-type carbene complexes containing an azolyl as the organic substituent proceeded via ring opening of tetrahydrofuran. When the alkylation is carried out in THF, the carbocation CH₃O(CH₂)₄⁺ acts as an electrophile. Protonation rather than alkylation of coordinated imidazolyl furnished cyclic imine complexes. Changing the donor atom of a coordinated thiazole from N to C by deprotonation and alkylation afforded a carbene complex.     

First synthesis and structural elucidation of (-)-presphaerene

The first total synthesis of (-)-presphaerene (1) was achieved from (R)-glyceraldehyde 9 in 19 steps, demonstrating the novel "folding and allylic strain-controlled" intramolecular ester enolate S(N)2' alkylation strategy could be extended to the stereoselective synthesis of cyclopentanoid natural products. The present study also established the relative and absolute stereochemistry of 1, and the absolute structures of co-occurring sphaeroanes from the red alga Sphaerococcus coronopifolius.     

基于第一性原理计算的铁电材料BaTiO3相关振动光谱指认

通过固相反应烧结法在1400 ℃下烧结4 h合成了BaTiO₃陶瓷, 并用X衍射确定了其为四方晶系. 进行了拉曼谱和红外谱的测量, 并采用洛仑兹函数以及四参数方法分别对上述光谱进行了拟合. 基于第一性原理的计算, 并考虑了横模纵模劈裂, 对拉曼和红外光谱进行了指认. 为了更好地分析振动模式, 所有振动模用群论的对称坐标进行了分解. 在12个光学模中, 仅具有拉曼活性的B₁模式是O4和O5沿着z轴的相对运动. A₁模式和E₁软模式是从立方BaTiO₃相的F_1u模式劈裂出来的, 对于四方相BaTiO₃的铁电性有着重要作用, 其体现在A₁⁽¹⁾模式造成了铁电z轴的极化, E₁模式导致了大介电常数. 这两个模式都可以看成是Ti 原子相对于O₆八面体笼子沿着z轴或者是xy平面的振动.     

Synthesis, structural characterization and reactivity of the amino borane 1-(NPh2)-2-[B(C6F5)2]C6H4

The bright red title compound 1 was synthesized from (2-lithiophenyl)diphenylamine and bis(pentafluorophenyl)boron chloride. Its reactions with small acids like H₂O and HCl proceeded easily giving zwitterionic compounds. For 1 and its water adduct 2 the crystal structures were determined, the latter featuring an ammonium borate structure containing a short intramolecular hydrogen bond bridge. Treatment of 1 with Jutzi's acid, [H(OEt₂)₂][B(C₆F₅)₄], did not result in protonation of the nitrogen, but reaction of 1 with LiH in the presence of 12-crown-4, led to the isolation of the aminoborate [1-(Ph₂N)-2-{B(H)(C₆F₅)₂}C₆H₄][Li(12-crown-4)] (3). Borohydride 3 reacted with Jutzi's acid to regenerate 1 and liberate hydrogen.     

Linked amido-indenyl complexes of titanium

Titanium complexes Ti(η⁵ : η¹-C₉H₆SiMe₂NCMe₃)X₂(X = Cl, Me, CH₂SiMe₃, CH₂Ph) containing the tert-amino-functionalized indenyl ligand C₉H₆SiMe₃NCMe₃ have been synthesized by the reaction of the dilithium derivative Li₂[C₉H₆SiMe₂NCMe₃ ] with TiCl₃ (THF)₃ followed by oxidation or by the alkylation of the dichloro derivative. Unexpectedly, the reaction of C₉H₆(SiMe₃)(SiMe₂Cl) with TiCl₄ does not give Ti(η⁵-C₉H₆SiMe₂Cl)Cl₃.     

三岔共轭体系中的结构效应(Ⅱ)——分子轨道能量与键级

本文计算了双向型、合流型、分流型三岔共轭多烯链物的分子轨道能级,能级差量。它们的同系递变与相应线型共轭体系一样,也遵守同系线性规律。但它们的同系直线在截距和斜率上都表现有一定的差异,这些差异定量地表明了三岔共轭体系中一根分岔只起代基的作用。这样,由分子基态中轨道能级的同系直线的差异,即可找出作为代基的分岔基团的代基当量。 中心碳原子周围的p_2-3与p_2-N键级的同系直线和用能级因子考查三岔共轭体系的分子轨道能级和键级,所得结果也说明三岔共轭体系的侧链为代基。     

Synthesis of thromboxane A2 analogs—3 : (+)-Thiathromboxane A2

(+)-11a-methano-9,11-thiathiromboxane A₂(1) was synthesized from prostaglandin A₂ and prostaglandin E₂.     

SPECTROSCOPY AND PHOTOCHEMISTRY OF 8-SUBSTITUTED 5-DEAZAFLAVINS

Abstract— Absorption, fluorescence and phosphorescence spectra as well as fluorescence and phosphorescence quantum yields of 8-X-5-deazaflavins (X = C1, NO₂, p -NO₂-C₆H₄, N(CH₃)₂, NH₂, p -NH₂-C₆H₄, p -N(CH₃)₂-C₆H₄-N=N) were determined. It was found that all these data are highly influenced by the substituent at position 8 of the 5-deazaisoalloxazine skeleton. Also the photoreduction of 8-X-5-deazaflavins in the presence of electron donors was studied. It was established that the photoreduction leads to the formation of a 5,5'-dimer and/or a 6,7-dihydro compound. Reduction of the C(6)-C(7) bond is promoted by strong electron-donating substituents and bulky electron donors. 5-Deazaftavins with a reducible substituent at position 8 exhibit reduction of the substituent prior to the reduction of the 5-deazaisoalloxazine skeleton.