CTAB化学吸附修饰电极线性扫描伏安法直接测定苯酚

本文提出了以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)修饰碳糊电极直接测定苯酚的电化学方法。在pH=8.0的0.1mol·L-1磷酸盐缓冲溶液中,苯酚在+0.63V出现一个灵敏的氧化峰,其峰电流与苯酚浓度在4.0×10-7～5.0×10-5mol·L-1之间呈线性关系,检出限为5.0×10-8mol·L-1。本文对CTAB对苯酚氧化的增敏机理进行了探讨。该电极用于工业废水中苯酚的检测,取得了满意的结果。     

酪氨酸基于表面活性效应在碳糊电极上的伏安行为研究

研究了酪氨酸在表面活性剂存在下于碳糊电极上的电化学行为,发现表面活性剂能显著提高酪氨酸的氧化电流,在此基础上,建立了一种直接测定酪氨酸的电化学方法。优化了测定酪氨酸的试验参数,即介质的pH、扫描速度、富集电位和富集时间、表面活性剂的种类及其浓度等。峰电流与酪氨酸在1×10-7～3×10-5mol·L-1浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系,检出限为6×10-8mol·L-1。1×10-5mol·L-1酪氨酸平行测定8次的标准偏差为4.6%。用该方法测定了人体尿液中酪氨酸的含量,取得了满意的结果。     

多壁碳纳米管修饰玻碳电极测定多巴酚丁胺的研究

研究了多巴酚丁胺在多壁碳纳米管修饰电极上的电化学行为,建立了一种直接测定多巴酚丁胺的电化学方法。在0.3mol·L-1H2SO4底液中,氧化峰电位为0.57V(vs.Ag/AgCl),峰电流与多巴酚丁胺的浓度在5.0×10-8～1.0×10-5mol·L-1范围内呈良好的线性关系。该法的检出限为3.0×10-8mol·L-1。平均回收率为99.15%。1.0×10-5mol·L-1多巴酚丁胺平行测定8次的标准偏差为4.8%。用拟定的方法测定了多巴酚丁胺注射液中多巴酚丁胺的含量,结果满意。     

碳糊电极阳极溶出法测定中药甘草中桑色素

用碳糊电极阳极溶出法测定桑色素的含量。在0.15mol·L-1NH4Cl 氨水缓冲溶液的介质中富集120s,桑色素在+0.10V(vs.SCE)左右出现阳极溶出峰。其峰电流的大小与桑色素的浓度呈线性关系。线性范围为4.00×10-6～1.40×10-5mol·L-1,相关系数为0.9996,检出限可达1.00×10-6mol·L-1,回收率为99.87%～102.01%。此法不用汞电极,灵敏度高,操作方便、快捷,成功地用于甘草提取物中桑色素的测定。     

碳糊电极萃取溶出伏安行为及电化学测定维生素E

提出了一种利用碳糊电极测定维生素E的方法。用硝酸作氧化剂,将非电活性的维生素E转化为具有电活性的醌型化合物 生育酚红,研究了生育酚红在特制碳糊电极上的萃取伏安行为和电极反应机理。在1.2mol·L-1HNO3 89%的乙醇介质中,维生素E在电极上开路吸附、萃取预富集后,进行阳极溶出伏安测定,维生素E在3.00×10-5～9.88×10-4mol·L-1范围内峰电流与浓度呈线性关系,检出限为6×10-6mol·L-1,将此法应用于维生素E药品的分析中。     

聚乙烯吡咯烷酮修饰碳糊电极上酪氨酸的电化学研究及其测定

研究了酪氨酸在聚乙烯吡咯烷酮修饰碳糊电极的伏安行为,优化了测定条件,在此基础上建立了一种直接测定酪氨酸的电分析方法。氧化峰电流与酪氨酸的浓度在2×10-7～5×10-5mol·L-1之间有良好的线性关系,开路富集3min,检出限为1×10-7mol·L-1。用此方法测定了酒样和人尿中酪氨酸的含量,结果满意。     

线性扫描极谱法测定微量肉桂酸

在 1mol·L-1HOAc NaOAc介质中 (pH =3.6 ) ,肉桂酸有一还原峰 ,其峰电位为 - 1.4 7V(vs.SCE)。峰电流与肉桂酸浓度在 2 .0× 10 -5～ 8.0× 10 -4 mol·L-1之间呈线性关系 (r =0 .9989) ,检出限为 1.0× 10 -5mol·L-1。该法应用于肉桂酸含量的测定 ,结果满意 ,并对肉桂酸的电化学性质进行了研究     

铋离子修饰碳糊电极的研制与应用

报道了一种以碘化铋与诺氟沙星形成的缔合物为电活性物质的修饰碳糊电极。电极对离子的线性响应范围为4．0×10-6～1．0×10-2mol·L-1,级差电位为20 mV／pc,检出限为2．5×10-6mol·L-1。测定了枸橼酸铋钾胶囊中铋的含量,测定结果与药典法的结果相符。     

单扫描极谱法测定注射液及血清中维生素K1

建立了维生素K1的极谱测定方法.在0.05 mol·L-1 NH4Cl-NH3(pH 8.58)缓冲溶液中,维生素K1可产生一极谱还原峰,峰电位Ep为-0.39 V ;其二阶微分峰峰电流ip″与维生素K1的浓度在1.1×10-7 ～2.2×10-5 mol·L-1范围内呈线性关系,相关系数r=0.998 6(n= 9 );方法的检出限为4.0×10-8 mol·L-1.13次平行测定2.2×10-5 mol·L-1维生素K1还原波二阶导数峰峰电流ip″的相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.83%.本法可直接用于注射液及血清中维生素K1含量的测定.     

普鲁士兰修饰碳黑微电极同时微分伏安法测定多巴胺和抗坏血酸

将含有1.0%普鲁士蓝的碳黑与固体石蜡按2.5∶1(质量比)混合后装入φ0.2mm的石英毛细管中,在其上端插入一铂丝并抛光后即制成普鲁士蓝修饰碳黑微电极.对多巴胺(DA)及抗坏血酸(VC)在此电极上的电化学行为及应用此电极测定两组分的最佳条件进行了研究,在定量测定中采用二次微分线性扫描伏安法.在最佳条件下,DA与VC的峰电流(i″p)分别与各自的浓度保持如下线性关系DA为4.0×10-6～8.0×10-4mol·L-1,VC为6.0×10-5～1.0×10-3mol·L-1;检出限(3σ)依次为2.0×10-6mol·L-1及1.0×10-5mol·L-1.应用此方法分析了3种含DA及VC的混合溶液,测得结果的相对标准偏差(n=8)依次小于2.0%及3.0%,回收率范围依次为96.5%～101.0%及95.0%～102.5%.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

A carbanion induced synthesis of highly congested pyrazole and imidazole containing heterocycles

An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo- and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines via modified Pictet–Spengler reaction

An efficient tandem approach for the selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 6a–g and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 7a–h by the reaction of 2-imidazolyl anilines 4a–c with aryl aldehydes 5a–k under mild reaction conditions is described. Introduction of electron releasing alkyl groups in substrates 4a–b was found to be instrumental for the success of the reaction.     

Understanding the Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-azaborine analogues

The Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-heteroborines (H₄C₄B(H)X, X?=?NH, PH, AsH; O, S, Se) has been computationally explored by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The influence of the HB?=?X fragment on the reactivity of the system has been quantitatively analyzed in detail by means of the so-called Activation Strain Model (ASM) of reactivity. It is found that the interaction between these species and the dienophile is significantly stronger than that computed for their all-carbon isoelectronic counterpart, benzene. In addition, the strain energy plays a key role in the observed reactivity trends. The role of the aromaticity strength of these heteroarenes on the reactivity is also assessed.