反相高效液相色谱法测定油脂中抗氧化剂特丁基对苯二酚

采用反相高效液相色谱法分离并测定了加入于油脂中的抗氧化剂t-丁基对苯二酚 (t-BHQ)。适量的油脂试样溶于n-已烷中,其中的t-BHQ用甲醇萃取。含有t-BHQ的甲醇溶液进样至仪器中进行分离和测定。采用Symmetry Shield RP-C18作固定相;流动相系由甲醇及 0．001 mol·L-1磷酸按60比40的体积比混合配成,并用0．001 mol·L-1乙酸及0．001 mol·L-1 磷酸组成的缓冲控制流动相的酸度至pH 5．0。t-BHQ浓度在0．010 07-0．402 8 g·L-1范围内与所测主峰面积之间呈线性关系。方法的检出限(S／N=2)为0．020 14 μg。无论日间或日内测定的保留时间值或峰面积值,计算所得的RSD值均小于3．4％,说明仪器的重复性和稳定性良好。回收试验的结果表明测定的回收率在91．8％-94．0％之间,一次分析仅需6 min。     

流动注射安培法快速测定食盐中碘

报道了在酸性溶液中 ,IO- 3可被过量的I- 还原 ,FI流动注射安培法快速测定食盐中碘的方法。溶解于蒸馏水中的食盐样品 (30 μl)注入pH 1的 0 .1mol·L- 1NaCl + 1× 10 - 3mol·L- 1KI的载液中。自行研制的壁喷玻碳电极安培流通检测池作为工作电极 ,电位为 + 0 .2V(vs.SCE)。该系统和反向 (注入KI)系统的线性范围均为 1× 10 - 6 ～ 1× 10 - 4mol·L- 1,检出限为 5× 10 - 7mol·L- 1,相对标准偏差为 0 .8% (n =37) ,样品测定的回收率为 97.6 %～ 10 4 % ,采样频率 90样·h- 1。通过Bernoull恒流瓶可获得无脉冲载流。     

二次微分简易示波伏安法直接测定酒样中半胱氨酸

在 0 .2mol·L- 1NaOH支持电解质溶液中 ,半胱氨酸在二次微分简易示波伏安图阴极支- 0 .4 9V(vs .SCE)处产生一灵敏的峰 ,研究了半胱氨酸在此底液中的示波伏安行为 ,并据上述示波特性建立了二次微分简易示波伏安法直接测定酒中半胱氨酸含量的新方法。校正曲线的线性范围为 3.0× 10 - 6 ～ 5 .0× 10 - 5mol·L- 1,相关系数为 0 .9995 ,检出限为 1× 10 - 6 mol·L- 1,对 1.0×10 - 5mol·L- 1半胱氨酸进行 6次测定的RSD为 1.8%。利用此法测定了啤酒、黄酒及加饭酒中半胱氨酸的含量 ,样品的回收率分别为 94 .2 %、10 1.6 %和 10 2 .2 %。方法具有仪器装置简单、经济 ,方法简便快速、无需通氮除氧以及对样品进行前处理的优点     

碳糊电极萃取溶出伏安行为及电化学测定维生素E

提出了一种利用碳糊电极测定维生素E的方法。用硝酸作氧化剂,将非电活性的维生素E转化为具有电活性的醌型化合物 生育酚红,研究了生育酚红在特制碳糊电极上的萃取伏安行为和电极反应机理。在1.2mol·L-1HNO3 89%的乙醇介质中,维生素E在电极上开路吸附、萃取预富集后,进行阳极溶出伏安测定,维生素E在3.00×10-5～9.88×10-4mol·L-1范围内峰电流与浓度呈线性关系,检出限为6×10-6mol·L-1,将此法应用于维生素E药品的分析中。     

HPLC法快速测定食品中糖精钠、苯甲酸、山梨酸和咖啡因

采用Hypersil-ODS2-C18,4.6mm×150mm色谱柱,以甲醇+0.02mol·L-1乙酸铵(35+65)为流动相,HPLC法同时测定食品中糖精钠、苯甲酸、山梨酸和咖啡因。样品经0.50mol·L-1氢氧化钠浸泡后,苯甲酸、山梨酸转化为苯甲酸钠、山梨酸钠,糖精钠、咖啡因均可溶于水,杂质则在加入硫酸锌以后形成沉淀与被测组分分离,检出限:糖精钠为0.14mg·L-1、苯甲酸为0.20mg·L-1、山梨酸为0.22mg·L-1、咖啡因为0.21mg·L-1。试验结果表明,此法不仅定量准确、精密度高而且操作极为方便。     

反相高效液相法测定人血清中的罗哌卡因

 建立了一种简单、快速测定罗哌卡因血药浓度的反相高效液相法。在血清样品中加入布比卡因作内标 ,用二氯甲烷提取 ,氮气吹干 ,残渣用流动相溶解进样。条件 :分析柱为C18反相柱 ,流动相为 0 0 1mol·L-1磷酸二氢钾 (pH 3 0 ) 乙腈 (体积比为 84∶16 )溶液 ,流速为 1 2mL·min-1,在紫外检测波长 2 10nm处进行检测。罗哌卡因及内标在 11min内完全分离 ,最低检测质量浓度为 0 0 2 5mg·L-1,在 0 0 5mg·L-1～ 2 5 0mg·L-1时线性关系良好 ,r =0 9997,低、中、高浓度下的回收率、日间及日内精密度均符合方法学要求。方法简便、快速、稳定。     

微波消化-在线固相萃取富集高效液相色谱法测定饲料用灌木中痕量铅镉汞

研究了用微波消化样品,WatersXterraTMRP18(3.9mm×20mm)色谱柱在线固相萃取富集,二极管矩阵检测器检测,高效液相色谱测定饲料用灌木中痕量铅、镉、汞的方法。铅、镉和汞含量在0.1～100μg·L-1范围内与峰面积呈线性关系,方法检出限(S/N=3)为:铅2.0ng·L-1,镉1.5ng·L-1和汞2.0ng·L-1,方法相对标准偏差为2.0%～3.1%,标准回收率为94%～103%,该方法用于测定饲料用灌木中低含量的铅、镉、汞,结果满意。     

固相萃取富集-高效液相色谱法测定烟草和烟草添加剂中的重金属元素

研究了用固相萃取富集,高效液相色谱法测定烟草及烟草添加剂中镍、铜、锡、铅、镉、汞的方法。样品用微波消化后,消化液中镍、铜、锡、铅、镉、汞用四 (对氨基苯基) 卟啉[T (p AP)P]柱前衍生,用C18固相萃取小柱萃取富集镍、铜、锡、铅、镉、汞的T (p AP)P络合物,富集倍数为50倍;然后用甲醇和丙酮(均含0.05mol·L-1的pH10.0四氢吡咯 乙酸缓冲)为流动相进行梯度洗脱,WatersXterraTMRP18(3.9mm×150mm)为色谱柱,用二极管矩阵检测器检测。镍、铜、锡、铅、镉、汞的检出限分别为42,38,82,60,50和25ng·L-1。RSD为2.1%～2.8%,标准回收率为95%～103%。该方法用于测定烟草及烟草添加剂中的痕量镍、铜、锡、铅、镉、汞,结果满意。     

2-(2-喹啉偶氮)-1,5-二氨基苯固相萃取光度法测定钴

合成了新试剂2 (2 喹啉偶氮) 1,5 二氨基苯(QADAB),研究了其与钴的显色反应及C18固相萃取小柱对显色络合物的固相萃取,在pH3.5磷酸盐缓冲介质中,CTMAB存在下,QADAB与钴反应生成2∶1稳定络合物,该络合物可用C18固相萃取小柱富集,小柱上富集的络合物用乙醇(内含2%乙酸)洗脱后用光度法测定,λmax=590nm,ε=8.36×104L·mol-1·cm-1。钴含量在0.01～0.80mg·L-1内符合比耳定律,方法用于环境样品中钴含量的测定,结果满意。     

微分电位溶出法连续测定饮料中的铜铅镉锌

建立了微分电位溶出法连续测定饮料中痕量铜、铅、镉、锌的新方法。在HAc- Na Ac( p H4 .5)～ 3.5× 1 0 -2 mol·L-1KCl～ 2 .6× 1 0 -5 mol· L-1Hg2 +介质中测定锌 ,然后调节底液为 0 .0 1 mol·L-1HCl,连续测定铜、铅、镉。铜、铅、镉、锌 ,检出限分别为 4 ,0 .1 ,2 ,4 μg· L-1,线性测定范围 Zn2 +:0～ 30 0 μg·L-1,Cu2 +、Pb2 +、Cd2 +:0～ 2 2 0μg· L-1,回收率为 83.4 %～ 1 0 3.3% ,RSD<3.4 % ( n=7)。该法较好解决了金属互化物的影响 ,样品不需消化便可直接测定。     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

A carbanion induced synthesis of highly congested pyrazole and imidazole containing heterocycles

An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo- and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines via modified Pictet–Spengler reaction

An efficient tandem approach for the selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 6a–g and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 7a–h by the reaction of 2-imidazolyl anilines 4a–c with aryl aldehydes 5a–k under mild reaction conditions is described. Introduction of electron releasing alkyl groups in substrates 4a–b was found to be instrumental for the success of the reaction.     

Understanding the Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-azaborine analogues

The Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-heteroborines (H₄C₄B(H)X, X?=?NH, PH, AsH; O, S, Se) has been computationally explored by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The influence of the HB?=?X fragment on the reactivity of the system has been quantitatively analyzed in detail by means of the so-called Activation Strain Model (ASM) of reactivity. It is found that the interaction between these species and the dienophile is significantly stronger than that computed for their all-carbon isoelectronic counterpart, benzene. In addition, the strain energy plays a key role in the observed reactivity trends. The role of the aromaticity strength of these heteroarenes on the reactivity is also assessed.