理化分析测试实验室仪器设备的管理

仪器设备是实验室的重要资产,仪器设备管理是实验室正常运行的重要组成部分。从仪器设备的管理架构以及仪器设备的采购、验收、量值溯源、维护维修、报废等方面讨论了理化分析测试实验室仪器设备管理工作的重点和注意事项。     

实验室信息管理系统中仪器设备管理模块的设计与实现

根据资质认定、实验室认可要求, 从仪器设备管理的要求和仪器设备管理工作实际出发, 归纳了实验室仪器设备管理、计量溯源方面的要求以及管理环节中容易出现的问题, 采用用户界面(user interface, UI)插件技术和Gojs技术开发了信息管理系统仪器设备管理模块, 降低了系统维护的难度, 满足了系统使用的个性化需求, 实现了仪器设备的分权限协作管理, 充分满足了资质认定、实验室认可中仪器设备管理的要求, 给仪器设备的使用、维修、维护工作带来了诸多便利, 提高了工作效率, 成为了仪器设备管理的有效工具.     

高校大型仪器设备开展科普教育的探索与实践——以电子显微镜为例

大型仪器设备是高校引领原始创新和科技进步的核心力量,挖掘大型仪器设备的科普内涵,是新时代高校开展科普教育、服务社会的创新举措。阐述了大型仪器设备开展科普教育的现实意义,分析了大型仪器设备开展科普教育的实现途径,并以电子显微镜为例,探索了大型仪器开展科普教育的可行性。     

理化试验室仪器设备的计量管理

仪器设备计量管理的主要内容是通过不确定度、M_(cp)值计算或重复性试验判断仪器设备配备的合理性,开展仪器设备的计量检定、校验和检验,建立标志和技术档案等管理,使仪器设备始终处于正常的工作状态。     

基础化学实验室中小型仪器设备的三种管理模式

针对基础化学实验室中小型仪器设备种类多、数量多、品牌复杂、管理难度大的特点,提出了三种管理模式,即全程化管理、分类管理和互联网+辅助管理。近年的实验室管理实践表明,这三种管理模式的有机结合和融合应用,使中小型仪器设备的管理趋于科学、规范、高效,显著提高了仪器设备的使用率和完好率,从而保障了基础化学实验教学的顺利运行和教学质量的提高。     

地方弱势高校实验室建设和管理改革的实践与探索

总结了地方弱势高校以实验室体制改革为切入点,以实施仪器设备动态管理、推行项目论证和实行贵重仪器设备中心化管理为重点的实践与探索,建立了较为完善的实验室管理体系,达到了全面提高实验室建设和管理水平的改革目标.     

环境监测仪器设备量值溯源结果的确认

<正>环境监测仪器设备的量值溯源方式一般有计量检定和计量校准[1]。目前许多实验室工作人员计量知识缺乏,对仪器设备量值溯源的重要性认识不足,导致对仪器设备量值溯源结果的确认流于形式,使得计量机构对仪器设备的量值溯源结果未能在实际工作中得到正     

筹建“校-院”两级仪器公共平台以满足共性及个性共享需求

为更好建设不同维度的仪器设备公共服务平台,探索实践了“校-院”实体平台筹建及管理体系建设,初步构建了“校-院”两级仪器设备共享工作体系,解决和满足了设备共享过程中的共性和个性化需求.     

科研仪器自主研发困境正待破解

国家发改委不久前批复了科学仪器和工业自动化高技术产业化专项21项，科技部条件财务司目前正组织专家进一步完善修改《“十一五”科研仪器设备研究开发规划》。这表明，“十一五”期间，我国将对科研仪器设备的研发给予强力支持。     

食品药品检验机构仪器设备计量信息的标准化管理

建立食品药品检验机构仪器设备计量的信息化规范管理方法。总结了传统人工计量管理的弊端,提出计量信息化管理的流程,将计量信息化管理分为计量计划申报、计量应急申报、计量信息登记、计量结果确认4个步骤,详细介绍了4个步骤中信息管理的主要内容及注意事项。建立食品药品检验机构仪器设备计量信息化管理的标准化规程,可以为仪器设备计量信息的动态监管提供支持。     

Use of a replicated Latin square design in a homogeneity test for high purity organic melting point standards

The use of a replicated Latin square design for reference material homogeneity assessment is illustrated by application to a homogeneity study of eight high-purity organic materials certified for melting point. The design controlled for both a three-level location effect and a run effect. Variance components were extracted using mixed effects modelling using a restricted maximum likelihood method. An alternative classical ANOVA calculation is also given. The effect of appreciable numerical rounding by the instrument software was investigated and shown to be acceptable for the particular example. Estimation of the scale of location and run effects showed that in this example the location effect was both statistically and practically significant, while the run effect was not statistically significant at the 95% level of confidence. The design allowed unbiased estimates of between-unit variances in the presence of both interfering effects.     

苯乙烯阴离子聚合仿真实验软件的研究

烯类单体的阴离子聚合是高分子化学课程中主要理论内容之一,为了使学生更好地掌握和运用理论知识,通常需要配合实验教学加以验证。而传统的烯类单体的阴离子聚合实验由于受各方面条件限制,实验效果欠佳。本文以苯乙烯阴离子聚合实验的开展为背景,介绍了聚合实验软件平台的设计、开发、硬件系统和实验的内容。经过验证,该实验软件平台功能完善,界面简洁,运行稳定,可以结合实际硬件设备以及具体需求进行实验教学。     

CANADA: Designing nucleic acid sequences for nanobiotechnology applications

The design of nucleic acid sequences for a highly specific and efficient hybridization is a crucial step in DNA computing and DNA‐based nanotechnology applications. The CANADA package contains software tools for designing DNA sequences that meet these and other requirements, as well as for analyzing and handling sequences. CANADA is freely available, including a detailed manual and example input files, at http://ls11‐www.cs.uni‐dortmund.de/molcomp/downloads . © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2010     

气相色谱专家系统中柱系统的推荐

本文给出气相色谱专家系统中柱系统推荐软件的总体结构和设计及一个运用所研制的软件进行咨询的例子。用户只要回答与样品中组分结构有关的几个关键问题,软件即可对样品可否采用气相色谱法进行判断和对气相色谱柱系统进行推荐。从初步使用和验证来看,本系统是成功的。     

Study of the structural and mechanical properties of biotechnical system of porous titanium nikelide-bone tissue

The stress-strain state of an implant of a porous titanium nickelide was studied in its placement instead of damaged bone tissue. A value of open porosity of a titanium nickelide sample was determined by the data obtained in processing of SEM images as well as by the liquid saturation method. The applicability of the technique for assessing the open porosity according to scanning electron microscopy was demonstrated. The physico-mechanical parameters of composites of titanium nickelide-connective bone tissue and titanium nickelide-spongy bone tissue were determined. In a SolidWorks software package a volume model of an implant-bone system was developed, and calculations of stresses and shears were carried out. It was found that upon bone tissue ingrowth into the porous structure of TiNi a stress distribution in the composite and bone tissue is leveled.     

3D打印便携式凝胶电泳装置用于蛋白质的快速检测

随着现场分析对于快速、便携和经济型检测的需求,分析仪器的便携化和微型化备受关注。3D打印技术的不断发展,将会极大推动小型化、便携式实验设备的开发和研制。分析仪器的微型化有助于促进资源不足地区在医疗现场、食品安全和环境污染等方面的现场监测。目前,用于蛋白质分离的凝胶电泳装置多为实验室用小型化分析仪器,可用于现场快速分离蛋白质的小型化仪器尚未见报道。该研究设计加工了一款便携式凝胶电泳装置,用于蛋白质的快速分离检测。首先,通过3D打印加工的凝胶电泳装置可在实验室内方便、快捷、低成本的复制。其次,通过对预染蛋白质相对分子质量标准的分离测试,对该系统结构进行优化。优化后该凝胶电泳装置电泳槽的尺寸仅为15 mm×20 mm×17 mm,采用3D打印技术可在5 h内加工完成,耗费打印材料10 mL。正负极所用电泳缓冲液共需4 mL,所使用的25 V锂电池可实现100 h左右的工作时间。装置优化后可实现蛋白质的快速高效分离。随后,在5种常用蛋白质相对分子质量标准的分离中,该装置与商业化平板凝胶电泳分离效果相当,同时具备更快的分离速度。该研究在便携式凝胶电泳装置的开发及其在蛋白质快速分离方面取得了初步成果,但在分离完成后立即对蛋白质进行定量分析以及更多实际样品的应用方面还需要进一步研究。     

The errors of our ways: taking account of error in computer-aided drug design to build confidence intervals for our next 25 years

The future of the advancement as well as the reputation of computer-aided drug design will be guided by a more thorough understanding of the domain of applicability of our methods and the errors and confidence intervals of their results. The implications of error in current force fields applied to drug design are given are given as an example. Even as our science advances and our hardware become increasingly more capable, our software will be perhaps the most important aspect in this realization. Some recommendations for the future are provided. Education of users is essential for proper use and interpretation of computational results in the future.     

Search for improved host architectures: application of de novo structure-based design and high-throughput screening methods to identify optimal building blocks for multidentate ethers

This paper presents a computational approach to the deliberate design of improved host architectures. The approach, which involves the use of computer-aided design software, is illustrated by application to cation hosts containing multiple aliphatic ether oxygen binding sites. De novo molecule building software, HostDesigner, is interfaced with molecular mechanics software, GMMX, providing a tool for generating and screening millions of potential bidentate building block structures. Enhanced cation binding affinity can be achieved when highly organized building blocks are used to construct macrocyclic hosts.     

De novo structure-based design of bisurea hosts for tetrahedral oxoanion guests

This paper presents a computational approach to the deliberate design of improved host architectures. De novo molecule building software, HostDesigner, is interfaced with molecular mechanics software, GMMX, providing a tool for generating and screening millions of potential structures. The efficacy of this computer-aided design methodology is illustrated with a search for bisurea podands that are structurally organized for complexation with tetrahedral oxoanions.     

Large-scale magnetic resonance simulations: A tutorial

Computational modeling is becoming an essential tool in magnetic resonance to design and optimize experiments, test the performance of theoretical models, and interpret experimental data. Recent theoretical research and software development made possible simulations of large spin systems, for example, proteins with thousands of spins, in reasonable time. In the last few years, the Fokker–Planck formalism also re-emerged due to its ability to handle spatial dynamics. The purpose of this tutorial is to describe advantages and disadvantages of the most common formalisms, the latest developments and strategies to improve the computational efficiency, and to guide users in the setting up of a simulation using the Spinach software.