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软模板合成有序介孔碳材料 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
有序介孔碳材料由于其较大的表面积、均一的孔径、良好的热稳定性和化学稳定性,广泛应用于吸附、分离、催化以及能量储存等众多领域。与传统的以硅基介孔材料为硬模板的反向复制方法相比,通过嵌段共聚物和聚合物前驱体之间的有机-有机自组装的软模板法简便易行,已成为合成有序介孔碳材料有效方法。本论文综述了介孔碳材料的软模板合成机制、合成方法、功能化及其应用,对合成技术、结构控制、孔径调控以及形貌控制等方面进行了讨论,并探讨了其在吸附、催化、电极材料等领域的应用。 相似文献
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中空介孔材料,尤其是硅基和碳基中空介孔材料,由于其孔道结构丰富、孔径可调、高比表面积、可容纳客体分子、良好的热稳定性和化学稳定性等特点已被广泛应用于催化、能量储存等众多领域。模板法是目前为止制备中空介孔结构最有效的方法之一,其最大特点是可以通过对模板的调控来实现对中空介孔结构的控制。聚合物基模板种类繁多,主要包括嵌段共聚物、聚合物乳胶粒、天然/合成生物大分子及复杂结构高分子等;与传统的表面活性剂/无机氧化物模板相比,其自组装形态更加丰富,结构更易进行功能化修饰。同时,以聚合物为模板的合成反应条件更加温和可控,更有利于合成形态各异、功能丰富的中空介孔材料。本文综述了近年来不同聚合物基模板合成中空介孔材料的研究进展,并着重介绍了贵金属粒子负载的中空介孔材料在催化载体领域的应用;同时,指出了当前阻碍中空介孔材料发展的问题,并对其在催化领域的应用前景进行了展望。 相似文献
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介孔材料是一种具有较大比表面积和高度有序孔道结构的材料,而功能化介孔材料是将介孔材料改性而使其具有不同的功能。这种材料由于具有极好的吸附和催化性能而被广泛应用于环境领域中。本文总结了功能化介孔材料的制备方法,包括引入官能团、掺杂金属和酸改性;探讨分析了几种制备方法下的功能化介孔材料的特点和应用前景;重点介绍了功能化介孔材料在吸附重金属、有机污染物、染料、CO2以及催化领域的研究进展;最后展望了未来功能化介孔材料的应用前景和发展趋势,以期为功能化介孔材料的发展提供参考和指明方向。 相似文献
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有序介孔碳基金属复合材料具有较大的比表面积、规整的孔道结构、良好的热稳定性及化学稳定性、活性金属组分分散度高以及粒径尺寸小等特点,广泛应用于非均相催化领域。常用的合成方法包括浸渍法、“一锅”法以及金属组分转移法等。本文综述了近年来有序介孔碳基金属复合材料的制备及其在非均相催化领域中的应用研究进展,重点阐述了介孔碳载体的介观结构调控、表面性质控制及限域效应等对所负载的活性金属组分的分散性、粒径大小,以及对反应物和产物扩散的影响,探讨了其在气相反应、液相反应和光电催化等领域的应用,并对有序介孔碳基复合材料的发展方向和应用前景进行了展望。 相似文献
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多孔炭材料具有高的比表面积、发达的孔结构、耐热、耐腐蚀、无毒无害、价廉、易操作等特点,以其为研究核心,在学术界和工业界均具有广阔的应用前景。通过胶晶模板法合成孔径在亚微米范围内的三维有序大孔炭,其高度规整的孔道结构,在吸附分离、催化和电极等领域已展现出巨大的应用潜能。利用双模板法将介孔结构融汇于三维有序大孔炭的孔壁中,设计构筑出三维有序大孔-介孔炭,势必会显著增强其应用价值。本文主要阐述了以胶晶为主体模板制备三维有序大孔炭的各种路径;采用双模板法将介孔引入大孔通道内获取三维有序大孔-介孔炭;探索影响孔结构参数的主要因素,并与各种功能材料复合增强其性能;着重对三维有序大孔炭及大孔-介孔炭在环境净化和新型能源转化与储备领域的应用进行概述。 相似文献
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Uroš Grošelj Mojca Žorž Amalija Golobič Branko Stanovnik Jurij Svete 《Tetrahedron》2013,69(52):11092-11108
A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives. 相似文献
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The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp3)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp2)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp2)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp3)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp3)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp2)?H insertion. 相似文献
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N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%). 相似文献
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Shashikant U. Dighe Surya K. Samanta Shivalinga Kolle Sanjay Batra 《Tetrahedron》2017,73(17):2455-2467
An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y1 and Y2. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones. 相似文献
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In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates. 相似文献
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Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described. 相似文献
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用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在. 相似文献
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Jona Mirnik Eva Pušavec Kirar Sebastijan Ričko Uroš Grošelj Amalija Golobič Franc Požgan Bogdan Štefane Jurij Svete 《Tetrahedron》2017,73(24):3329-3337
A series of 20 CuAIAC reactions between eight 4-acylamino substituted pyrazolidine-3-one-1-azomethine imines and four terminal ynones were performed using Cu0 as catalyst. The corresponding fluorescent cycloadducts were obtained in very high yields upon simple workup. Thus, Cu-metal turned out to be a better catalyst than CuI in terms of yield and ease of isolation. Availability of azomethine imines, mild reaction conditions, and simple workup enable a “click” access to libraries of densely substituted 2,3-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyrazol-1-ones. Reactivity of differently substituted dipoles was evaluated experimentally and by quantum chemical methods (DFT). 相似文献
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George E. Magoulas Thomas Garnelis Constantinos M. Athanassopoulos Dionissios Papaioannou George Mattheolabakis Konstantinos Avgoustakis Dimitra Hadjipavlou-Litina 《Tetrahedron》2012,68(35):7041-7049
(E)-4-(Fullerenopyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid and its corresponding succinimidyl ester, readily obtained through Prato-type modification of C60, were used for the selective N-acylation of polyamines. The thus obtained conjugates were evaluated for their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity and their cytotoxicity was determined. Members of this family of compounds showed interesting anti-lipid peroxidation, anti-lipoxygenase and anti-inflammatory activity and comparable cytocompatibility to spermidine. 相似文献