“翻转课堂+混合式”教学模式在物理化学实验课程中的探索与实施

在前期混合式教学改革的基础上,将翻转课堂应用于物理化学实验教学中。教学过程包括：课前在线学习、线下课堂展示、讨论与实验操作,以及课后巩固与提高。采用定量研究和问卷调查验证了这种教学模式的有效性。研究结果表明,这种教学模式有助于提高学生的学习成绩,培养学习自主性,激发学习热情,提高课堂参与度。     

基于多维任务驱动下的物理化学实验课程探索*

设计不同维度的课程任务学习单,并将自主探究、协作交流等学习模式引入物理化学实验的实践教学,深入探讨了物理化学实验课程实施翻转课堂的教学模式的研究。整个教学环节包括:课前资源导学、课内知识拓展、课后成效评价。实践表明,翻转课堂有利于提高学生的知识内化能力、分析解决问题能力、合作交流能力以及自学能力,尤其是文献调研的能力有显著提升,该模式取得了较好的教学效果。     

翻转课堂在物理化学基础实验教学中的应用

结合物理化学基础实验自身特点,尝试将翻转课堂教学模式引入物化实验教学,详细分析了微课制作、课堂组织和教学评价等诸多环节。该教学模式可以有效地调动学生的学习主动性,使学生成为教学主体,有效地发挥基础实验在物理化学教学中的积极作用。     

物理化学教学模式的探索与实践

在当今高等教育创新人才培养要求下,结合国内外教育先进技术方法,通过物理化学教学实践,探索了讲授课堂、翻转课堂、对分课堂等3种教学模式,教学实效性结果表明,开放式的教学更利于提高教学质量,对分课堂教学模式更适合于我校学生学习物理化学。     

基于翻转课堂与合作学习的文献管理软件应用教学设计

翻转课堂与合作学习的教学模式对于培养学生的主动学习及创造能力具有促进作用。对信息检索课和现代大学生的特点进行分析,再结合高校化学信息检索课的实际情况,以NoteFirst文献管理软件应用知识内容的教学为例,在课堂教学中引入"翻转课堂"教学模式,并运用小组合作学习进行教学模型的设计与教学过程的设计,培养大学生文献信息管理及利用能力。     

CO2超临界状态解析与课程思政设计

以CO₂超临界状态及制冷应用为例,展示如何以解析关键概念/技术背后的物理化学原理为纽带,在课堂教学中有机融入思政案例(如北京冬奥会制冰造雪)和开展课程思政“翻转课堂”教学;籍此使学生体会到物理化学原理在解决国家重大需求中发挥的关键作用,在强化学科自信的同时,增强学生学以致用、服务国家、绿色发展的意识和开拓创新的精神。CO₂超临界状态及应用是“物理化学”单组分相图中的知识难点和应用热点,在教材中常以知识拓展的形式出现,不仅与专业知识结合不紧密,学生对此也缺乏深刻理解。有鉴于此,我们以“讲透”CO₂超临界状态和制冷技术背后的物理化学原理为抓手,依据知识间内在关联,环环相扣、水到渠成地开展课程思政教学。为了提升思政教学效果,还综合采用了任务驱动的自主学习、翻转课堂及课后拓展相结合的多元思政教学手段,引导学生自主发掘思政素材,实现自我思政教育,从而达到了价值塑造、知识传授和能力培养三位一体的教学效果。     

无机化学与物理化学课程的协调教学

根据无机化学和物理化学的内容设置及特点, 结合教学实践, 探讨了2者在教学过程中的有机配合和协调统一。无机化学教学应以知识的衔接和实际应用为主, 而物理化学教学则要侧重知识点的挖掘和提升。2者的协调有助于提高课堂利用率, 促进学生学习能力和科学思维的培养。     

项目式翻转学习在表界面现象教学中的尝试

根据物理化学教学现状及教学活动中存在问题,展开了全面分析,并提出了项目驱动式翻转学习的教学模式,对课程项目进行了优化设计,有效展开创新型教学活动,结合表界面现象一章的教学内容,用具体教学案例说明这种新型教学模式的具体实施策略。该模式有助于培养学生思维的独立性和学习的自主性,激发学生的学习积极性,使课堂教学的质量和效果得到明显提高。     

基于蓝墨云班课的“物理化学实验”微课设计与应用*

为解决物理化学实验教学中存在的问题,以蓝墨云班课为教学平台,利用微课资源,采用翻转课堂和传统教学有机结合的教学方式,进行教学改革,详细介绍了物理化学实验微课的设计、应用及效果分析。教学实践表明,教改后的教学模式有效激发了学生的学习积极性,提升了教学效率和效果。     

基于云班课的物理化学开放性实验教学实践*

以云班课为教学平台,采用翻转课堂为主的教学模式开展物理化学开放性实验教学,详细介绍了开放性实验分层教学体系、实验教学内容、微课的设计方法和实践过程。实践结果表明,通过这些教学手段,教师能顺利地开展开放性实验教学,提升学生的学习兴趣和创新能力,同时也提高了实验室资源的利用率。     

非那雄胺合成工艺改进

非那雄胺能抑制5α-还原酶的活性,明显降低二氢睾酮水平,是一种治疗良性前列腺增生的有效药品。该合成工艺以甾烯酮酸为原料,将其与氯化亚砜反应,无须分离即与叔丁胺反应得17β-酰胺化合物,再氧化开环,环合,氢化,脱氢合成了非那雄胺。经元素分析、IR、1HNMR、13CNMR、MS分析表征了其结构。该法无须使用昂贵的2,2-二吡啶二硫化物和剧毒药品苯亚硒酸酐,且以乙酸铵代替氨气,降低了对设备的要求和腐蚀,更适用于工业生产。     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.     

Synthesis of phenolic components of Grains of Paradise

Two vanilloids, (5E)-8-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)oct-5-en-4-one (1) and 4-[3-hydroxydecyl]-2-methoxyphenol (2), isolated from the dried seeds of Grains of Paradise (Aframomum melegueta), were synthesized; the latter compound was made as the S-enantiomer and the material derived from the seeds was found to be a 1:1.7 mixture of the R and S isomers. The synthetic route used should allow the preparation of analogs having extended alkyl chains and consequently different lipophilicity, and 3, a homolog of 2, was also prepared.     

Study of hydration of two cements of different strengths

Main hydration products of two cement pastes, i.e. CSH-gel, portlandite (P) (and specific surface S) were studied by static heating, and by SEM, TEM and XRD, as a function of cement strength (C-33 and C-43) hydration time (th) and subsequent hydration in water vapour.Total change in mass on hydration and air drying, M_o, increased with strength of cement paste and with hydration time. Content of water escaping at 110 to 220°C, defined as water bound with low energy, mainly interlayer and hydrate water, was independent on cement strength but its content increased with (th). Content of chemically bound (zeolitic) water in CSH-gel, escaping at 220-400°C, was slightly dependent on strength and increased with (th). It was possibly derived from the dehydroxylation of CSH-gel and AFm phase. Portlandite water, escaping at 400-500°C, was independent on cement strength and was higher on longer hydration. Large P crystals were formed in the weaker cement paste C-33. Smaller crystals were formed in C-43 but they increased with (th). Carbonate formated on contact with air (calcite, vaterite and aragonite), decomposed in cement at 600-700^oC. It was high in pastes C-33(1 month) and C-43(1 month), i.e. 5.7 and 3.3%, respectively; it was less than 1% after 6 hydration months (low sensitivity to carbonation) in agreement with the XRD study showing carbonates in the air dry paste (1month), and its absence on prolonged hydration (6 months) and on acetone treatment. Water vapour treatment of (6 months) pastes or wetting-drying increased this sensitivity.Nanosized P-crystals, detected by TEM, could contribute to the cement strength; carbonate was observed on the rims of gel clusters.This revised version was published online in November 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Acid hydrolysis of carboxymethylcellulose of low degree of substitution

Cotton cellulose was swollen in a sodium hydroxide solution and carboxymethylated by a two-bath method for different periods of time for each process. The kinetics of acid hydrolysis and the crystallinity of the swollen and carboxymethylated samples were measured. The proportion of broken bonds, rate constants for hydrolysis, and permeability of cellulose to hydrolyzing agents were calculated. The susceptibility of glycosidic linkages to acid hydrolysis was improved by carboxymethylation more than by swelling in alkali. The increased accessibility of carboxymethylcellulose to acid was regarded as a consequence of increased intra-and intercrystalline swelling and of the glycosidic bonds' weakness caused by the electron-attracting carboxymethyl group on the C-6 position.     

恶臭嗅辨实验室建设探讨

针对恶臭测试的环境影响问题,提出了解决的实例方案,并对方案的要点及优缺点进行讨论,此方案在实际操作中具有较好的效果。     

氯氧化镁生成热的研究

用氧化镁氯化镁水溶液制备了8水合氯氧化镁[nMg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O], 并测定了其在盐酸中的溶解热, 实验结果表明, 氯氧化镁溶解热与n值呈线性关系, 根据溶解热求出5Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O和3Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O的生成热分别为-7727.1和5888.1kJ·mol^1^-。     

Estimation of Kinetic Parameters of Thermal Oxidation of Ilmenite

The aim of the presented work was the investigation of thermal oxidation of ilmenite in static air atmosphere. The investigations were carried out by use of a derivatograph (MOM, Hungary). The changes of crystallographic structure of investigated samples were identified by X-ray diffractometry on Philips PW-1710 diffractometer. In temperature above 500°C appears structure of hematite Fe₂O₃. On the basis of the thermogravimetric measurements, the contracting area and contracting volume models were found as the best fitting experimental data. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Mechanism of action of base-catalyzed oxygenation of phenol derivatives

Cyclopropyl derivative of 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol is synthesized as a probe to investigate the mechanism of base-catalyzed autooxidation of phenol derivatives. Our study indicates that one electron reduction of molecular oxygen from phenolate gives phenoxyl radical 3, a key intermediate of autooxidation. The coupling of phenoxyl radical and superoxide radical gives peroxylate anion 4 and produces the final epoxy alcohol adduct 6.